Glycogen Storage Disease in Pediatric Population

Bayan Sultan Al Jobran1, Huda F. Abbag1, Mohammed Younes Almoghrabi2, Fahad Abdulaziz Jarad1, Ashwaq Y. Asiri 1, Mohammad Abdullah Alotaibi4, Wejdan Hamed Alshammari5,, Yara Mofarih Assiri1, Marium Mohammed Iqbal2, Reem Ali Almanie1, Atheer Eed Alotaibi1, Faris Abdullah S Alharbi3,; Maram Mohammed Bajoaifur9, Emtenan Al Ansari9, Hadil Mohammed Alenezi6, Badoor Abdrabalameer Alghafli7, Saad Mahmoud Tobaigi2, Amro Sulaiman AlJuhani8,

Glycogen Storage Disease in Pediatric Population

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Yara Mofarih Assiri1, Marium Mohammed Iqbal2, Reem Ali Almanie1, Atheer Eed Alotaibi1, Faris Abdullah S Alharbi3, Bayan Sultan Al Jobran1, Huda F. Abbag1, Mohammed Younes Almoghrabi2, Fahad Abdulaziz Jarad1, Ashwaq Y. Asiri 1, Mohammad Abdullah Alotaibi4, Wejdan Hamed Alshammari5, ¹
Hadil Mohammed Alenezi6, Badoor Abdrabalameer Alghafli7, Saad Mahmoud Tobaigi2, Amro Sulaiman AlJuhani8, Maram Mohammed Bajoaifur9, Emtenan Al Ansari9 ²

¹ 1 King Khalid University, 2 Batterjee Medical College, 3 University of Gezira, 4 Imam Muhammad Bin Saud Islamic University, 5 Hail University,

² 6 Northern Border University, 7 Arabian Gulf University, 8 King Abdulaziz University, 9 Ibn Sina National College

Abstract

Introduction: The pathway of glycogen metabolism is regulated by many hormones such as insulin, glucagon, and corticosteroids. Glycogen storage diseases (GSD) most commonly affect muscles, liver, or both and occur in each 20000 to 43000 live birth. They are classified into 12 subtypes, but types I, II, and IX are the most common.
Methodology: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, from January 2001, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: glycogen storage diseases, Von Gierke disease, Pompe’s disease, Cori Disease, Forbes disease, Andersen’s disease, McArdle disease, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal hepatomegaly.
Aim: In this review, we aim to study the genetic basis, diagnosis, presentation, and different management approach to various common types of glycogen storage diseases prevalent in pediatric population.
Conclusion: There are no cures for any type of glycogen storage diseases presently. Most treatments are designed to control signs and symptoms. The overall goals are primarily avoiding hypoglycemia, hyperlactatemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperlipidemia. Liver transplantation should be deliberated for patients with GSD type IV and for other progressive hepatic types of GSDs in order to avoid hepatic failure or malignancy. More research must be carried out to develop newer and more effective ways of management.

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