Ebeid, E., Kholeif, H., Hussein, N. (2019). Role of Nucleic Acid Test (NAT) in Detection of Transfusion Transmitted Viruses in Comparison to Other Methods. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 76(2), 3542-3549. doi: 10.21608/ejhm.2019.38887
Ekram Yassin Ebeid; Hoda Abd Ellateif Kholeif; Nancy Hassan Hussein. "Role of Nucleic Acid Test (NAT) in Detection of Transfusion Transmitted Viruses in Comparison to Other Methods". The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 76, 2, 2019, 3542-3549. doi: 10.21608/ejhm.2019.38887
Ebeid, E., Kholeif, H., Hussein, N. (2019). 'Role of Nucleic Acid Test (NAT) in Detection of Transfusion Transmitted Viruses in Comparison to Other Methods', The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 76(2), pp. 3542-3549. doi: 10.21608/ejhm.2019.38887
Ebeid, E., Kholeif, H., Hussein, N. Role of Nucleic Acid Test (NAT) in Detection of Transfusion Transmitted Viruses in Comparison to Other Methods. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2019; 76(2): 3542-3549. doi: 10.21608/ejhm.2019.38887
Role of Nucleic Acid Test (NAT) in Detection of Transfusion Transmitted Viruses in Comparison to Other Methods
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine - Al-Azhar University
Abstract
Background: over the two last decades, much attention has been given to the prevention of transfusion-transmitted viral infections. Given the potential transmission of viruses during the window period, novel non-serology based approaches such as viral nucleic acid testing (NAT) have been established. Objective: a comparative study of different methods to detect transfusion transmitted viral infections. Materials and methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted at the Egyptian National Blood Transfusion Center (NBTC), Giza. The duration of the research was 2 months from June 2018 to august 2018. In our study 1000 donor samples were tested by ELISA and NAT tests for HBV, HCV and HIV. Results: regarding ELISA tests of the three viruses, only 14 (1.4%) samples were finally HBsAg reactive. Finally, reactive HCVAb were 22 (2.2%) samples, while only 4 (0.4%) samples were HIV Ag-Ab finally reactive. We found highly statistical significant difference between initial and final results of ELISA (p<0.001). Regarding NAT testing of the three viruses. HBV: 5 (0.5%) samples were NAT and ELISA reactive, 1 was NAT yield. HCV: 9 (0.9%) samples were NAT and ELISA reactive. HIV one sample (0.1%) was NAT and ELISA reactive, one (0.1%) was NAT yield. Statistical significant difference was found in comparison between NAT and ELISA in HBV, HCV, and HIV p values <0.001, <0.001, and = 0,008 respectively. Conclusion: we concluded that NAT and ELISA are complementary to each other. NAT is an effective method for safeguarding the blood supply.
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