Risk Factors, Post-operative Complications and outcome of management of Hip Fracture in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia

Alanazi, Saud Rteamy R; Hussain, Malik Azhar; Albathali, Hamdan Ayed H; Alshammari, Fatimah Khalifah A; Alshammari, Zaid Qati F; ALenez, Adel Turki D; Wali, Muaz Bilal Abdulhameed; Alotayfi, Razan Fahad S; Alanazi, Khalid Nadi M; Alruwaili, Bader Arar Shadad; Ali, Abdalla Mohamed Bakr

doi:10.21608/ejhm.2018.12387

Risk Factors, Post-operative Complications and outcome of management of Hip Fracture in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, KSA

² Assistant professor of surgery, College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia

³ Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Egypt

10.21608/ejhm.2018.12387

Abstract

Background: Hip fractures are defined as any fracture of the femur between the articular cartilages of the hip joint to 5 cm below the distal point of the lesser trochanter. Hip fracture is a worldwide public health problem that primarily affects osteoporotic individuals and the elderly. Up to 30 % of the elderly patients with a hip fracture die within the first year. Objective: to show the risk factors and post-operative complications of hip fracture in cases attending orthopedic department of Arar Central Hospital in Arar city. Methods: a cross sectional study conducted during the period from 1 December 2017 to 31 March 2018. A predesigned questionnaire was used for data collection, and included inquiries about sociodemographic data of the studied patients, performing muscular exercise, osteoporosis, diminished vision and disorders in equilibrium, causes of fracture, type and site of fracture, occurrence of complications of surgery, postoperative care and the final outcome of treatment. Results: Most (70.1%) of the studied population aged 22-59 years, males constituted 59.8%. Causes of hip fracture were accident in 66.7% and fall in 25.0%. Among hip fracture cases, 43.9% were obese, 13.1% have osteoporosis, and 17.8% have disorders in equilibrium. Males reported insignificant higher percentage of hip fracture than females (25.0% Vs. 18.6%). Osteoporosis, diminished vision, chronic diseases, continuous use of medications and smoking showed significant relation with hip fracture (P<0.05). While BMI, disorders in equilibrium and performing muscular exercise showed insignificant relation. Complications after surgery was osteomyelitis in 12.6%, early fixation failure in 4.2%, wound infections in 8.4% and hospital acquires pneumonia in 4.2%. Only two thirds of the cases were completely cured. Conclusion: in our study population in Arar city, males reported insignificant higher percentage of hip fracture than females. Osteoporosis, diminished vision, chronic illnesses, continuous use of medications and smoking were significant risk factors of hip fracture. Complications after surgery was included, osteomyelitis, early fixation failure, wound infections and hospital acquire pneumonia. Only two thirds of the cases were completely cured, the rest of cases showed disability and movement limitation.

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