Low Dose Ketamine in Prevention of Propofol Injection Pain

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care &Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University

2 Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care &Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University

Abstract

Background: Propofol is the most widely used intravenous anesthetic agent for induction and maintenance of anesthesia as well as for sedation inside and outside operation theatre. Propofol is almost an ideal intravenous (IV) anesthetic agent, but pain on its injection still remain a problem. Pain may not be a serious complication, but most patients remember it as one of the unpleasant encounters with anesthetists. In one survey pain on propofol injection stands seventh most important problem in the current practice of clinical anesthesia. Ketamine is (NMDA) receptor antagonist agent and a dissociative anesthetic with neurostimulatory side effect, multiple research trials suggest ketamine as a strong analgesic agent in sub anesthetic IV doses.
Objective: The aim of the current study was to prove the effectiveness of low dose ketamine in preventing propofol injection pain.
Methodology: Two groups each included 60 patients (middle age females who performed ovum pick up surgery: Ketamine group 60 patient received ketamine 0.2 mg/kg with propofol. Saline group 60 patient received normal saline 10 ml with propofol. Results: In the current study pain and hemodynamic changes (BP, pulse) were observed. Regarding pain: The incidence of propofol injection pain in the current study was reduced from 93.2% in saline group to 55% in ketamine group, the incidence of severe pain was completely abolished with ketamine. Regarding hemodynamics: There was no statistical significance between both groups regarding heart rate, regarding BP the degree of drop in BP in ketamine group was to less extent than in saline group that proves the role of ketamine in hemodynamic stability.
Conclusion: Finally ketamine in low dose was effective in reduction of propofol injection pain.

Keywords

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Volume 72, Issue 3
July 2018
Pages 4189-4193

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