Acute Compartment Syndrome Prevalence and Outcome in Aseer Central Hospital

Background: Acute compartment syndrome is a painful condition caused by the increased interstitial pressure, itone of the most critical emergencies cases in both trauma cases and orthopedics. The leg is themost common site, but forearms, hands, feet, and buttocks are also places of occurrence. There are several risk factors for this syndrome and its outcome is depending on time of diagnosis.
Aim: To assess the risk factors and outcomes of acute compartment syndrome.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Aseer central hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia. The study included 77 patients who suffered acute compartment syndrome.
Results:The mean age of patients was 28.31±14.68 years old, males represented 92.2%, and females represented 7.8%. The fracturewas presented in 79.2%; the most common cause was RTA representing 57.1%, 53.2% of patients had no injuries. Mostpatients had no complications (63.6%), the only significant factor between patients with and without complication was open fixation (P-value=0.001).
Conclusion: Acute compartment syndrome was more common in males, and themost common site was in theleg, the most important cause was RTA and the more dominant associated injury was avascular injury.