Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Data on Metastatic Colorectal Cancer at South Egypt Cancer Institute (SECI)

Background: Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious health issue. It is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths and the third most common kind of cancer. Some individuals improved despite the use of several therapy methods, which prompted the search for novel approaches.
Objects: The present study aimed to analyze epidemiological and clinicopathological data of metastatic CRC patients presented at The Medical Oncology Department, SECI.
Methods: This study included 60 patients with mCRC which were either synchronous or metachronous cases, who met the following criteria: age > 18 years and treatment with first-line oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy followed by second-line irinotecan-based therapy.
Result: In this study, 51.7% of the patients were males and 48.3% were females. Regarding tumor location, 26% had rectal cancer, while the remainder had colonic cancer. Metachronous metastases were more common, observed in 56.7% of cases, and 58.3% of patients had ≤ 2 metastatic sites. Extra-abdominal metastases were more frequent in rectal cancer than in colonic cancer. More than half of the patients had high-risk pathological features. A significant association was observed between tumor deposits and nodal involvement, univariate analysis for overall survival (OS), synchronous metastasis, more than two metastatic sites, positive LVI and right-sided disease were significantly associated with increased risk of death. The median OS was 19.2 months, whereas the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.3 months.
Conclusion: Metastatic CRC (mCRC) mostly presents with poor-risk clinicopathological features. Extra-abdominal metastasis is more frequent in the rectal site.