Serum Levels of Fetuin-A in Patients with Acne Vulgaris

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is a prevalent cutaneous condition that is distinguished by the malfunction of the pilosebaceous unit. It may persist in certain individuals even after adulthood, despite the fact that it is most frequently observed in adolescents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the serum Fetuin-A levels of AV patients and evaluate their correlation with the clinical severity of the disease.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 105 participants at the Outpatient Clinic of Dermatology and Andrology at Menoufia University. They were divided according to the global acne classification system, group I (Patients group) (n=70) was divided into three subgroups based on the various presentations of AV:  group (A) (mild AV, n=20), group (B) (moderate AV, n=20)), and group C (severe AV, n=20), group D (very severe, n=10) and group II (Controls) involved 35 healthy subjects as control group.
Results: At a cut-off value of ≥14 ng/ml, serum fetuin A demonstrated a statistically significant 65.71% sensitivity and 62.86 % specificity for discriminating between patients and controls (p= 0.001).
Conclusions: Patients with acne Vulgaris exhibit statistically significant higher serum fetuin-A levels compared to controls. Furthermore, serum Fetuin-A levels were found to be significantly correlated with the course of disease, stress, and diet. Additional research is needed to elucidate the causal nature of these relationships.