Histological and Immunohistochemical Investigation Concerning the Potential Protective Function of Quercetin and Omega-3 against the Detrimental Effects of Energy Drinks on The Pancreas of Adult Male Albino Rats

Background: Controversy and investigation surround the global popularity of energy drinks concerning their possibly damaging health impacts. Objective: To assess if quercetin and omega-3 have any protective actions on the hazards of energy drink on pancreatic tissue.
Materials and methods: Five groups, 10 adult male albino rats each, were created; the group I (control), group II received 7.5 ml of Red Bull daily orally, group III was given Red Bull alongside quercetin daily, group IV was given daily Red Bull combined with omega-3 a and group V received Red Bull combined with both quercetin and omega-3. The experiment lasted 4 weeks. The pancreatic samples were examined immunohistochemically, biochemically, and histologically. The results were subjected to morphometric and statistically analysis.
Results: Red Bull administration elevates Malondialdehyde (MDA) and lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione (GSH) significantly in comparable to control group. In H&E-stained sections, Red Bull induced impairment in pancreatic tissue; revealed several deteriorations of acini, a marked infiltration of inflammatory cells and vacuolations between acini. In Masson-stained sections, Red Bull exhibited extensive collagen fibers infiltration around the islets of Langerhans and between acini and also demonstrated significant positive immunoreactions. Administration of either quercetin and omega-3 in group III and IV showed a moderate improvement histologically and chemically while administration of both materials together in group V significantly ameliorated the pancreatic alterations induced by Red Bull. Conclusion: Quercetin and omega-3 fatty acids, when administered together, protect the pancreatic tissue from the negative effects of energy drinks.