Comparison of Efficacy and Complication Rates of Face-Lift Techniques

Background: Facelift surgery is a primary method for facial rejuvenation, employing various techniques to address age-related changes. The selection of a specific surgical approach is influenced by patient attributes, desired aesthetic outcomes, and the surgeon's expertise.
Objective: To compare the efficacy and complication rates of three distinct facelift techniques: SMAS (superficial musculoaponeurotic system) plication, deep-plane facelift, and endoscopic facelift.
Patients and Methods: This prospective and retrospective study included 20 patients who underwent facelift surgery at the Plastic Surgery Department of Menoufia University Hospitals. The participants were divided into three groups: SMAS plication (n=7), deep-plane facelift (n=8), and endoscopic facelift (n=5). All patients underwent standardized clinical assessment and postoperative follow-up. patient satisfaction was assessed using a 5-point numerical rating scale (1=very dissatisfied,5=very satisfied). assessments were carried out at 2-week postoperative visit and during subsequent follow up appointments.
Results: The mean age was significantly lower in the endoscopic group (45 ± 4.64 years) compared to the SMAS (53.14 ± 4.78) and deep-plane groups (54.88 ± 7.32) (p=0.026). The mean operative time was significantly longer for the deep-plane group (216.9 ± 24.34 minutes) compared to the SMAS (128.6 ± 17.49) and endoscopic groups (88.0 ± 15.25) (p<0.001). Overall patient satisfaction was high (90%), with SMAS achieving 100%, deep-plane 87.5%, and endoscopic 80%.
Conclusion: All three facelift techniques demonstrated a high degree of patient satisfaction and a favorable safety profile with low complication rates. The deep-plane facelift provided more extensive rejuvenation but was associated with a longer operative duration. Conversely, the endoscopic facelift was particularly effective for younger patients, offering a shorter recovery period. The choice of technique should be determined by the individual patient’s age, specific anatomical requirements, and aesthetic goals.