Diagnostic and Therapeutic Roles of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Gastroenterology: An Overview

Document Type : Original Article

10.21608/ejhm.2025.451036

Abstract

In gastroenterology and hepatopancreatobiliary medicine, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has developed from a largely diagnostic modality into a vital tool with growing therapeutic potential. By combining endoscopy with high-frequency ultrasonography, EUS provides detailed visualization of the gastrointestinal wall and adjacent structures, offering superior resolution to conventional cross-sectional imaging. It remains integral for TNM staging of gastrointestinal malignancies, assessing subepithelial lesions, and evaluating pancreaticobiliary disorders. Its diagnostic yield is significantly enhanced by adjunctive techniques like contrast-enhanced EUS, elastography, and fine-needle aspiration/biopsy (EUS-FNA/FNB) which provides tissue samples for histopathological examination. Therapeutically, EUS is now indispensable for interventions including pancreatic fluid collection drainage, pancreatic duct and bile duct decompression when conventional endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) fails due to abnormal anatomy, gastrojejunostomy in gastric outlet obstruction, tumor ablation, EUS-guide endovascular therapy for management of gastric varices and a growing number of other innovative procedures, solidifying its role in offering less invasive options and improving patient outcomes in endoscopic management of gastrointestinal diseases.


 

Keywords

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Volume 100, Issue 1
July 2025
Pages 4019-4027

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