Evaluation of the usefulness of Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) versus BIG Score in Management of Polytrauma Patients at Menoufia University Hospitals

Background: Trauma is a worldwide cause of death and morbidity for all age groups. Accurate early prediction of mortality risk could facilitate triage decisions, therapy, or additional care. Multiple scores were developed for the purpose of prediction of early outcomes in polytrauma patients.
Objective: This research aimed to compare the predictive performance of the TRISS, and BIG score (Base deficit (B), International normalized ratio (I), and Glasgow Coma Scale (G)) in an adult trauma population at Menoufia University Hospitals.
Patients and methods: This was prospective comparative research done on 200 polytrauma adult cases, who were presented to the Emergency Department of Menoufia University through the period from October 2023 till October 2024. All patients were assessed by primary and secondary survey. TRISS and BIG scores were applied to assess their performance, the relation between the two scores and the outcomes were analyzed.
Results: TRISS and BIG scores were applied on 200 adult patients with trauma meeting inclusion criteria. The mean age of cases in group A was 42.8 ± 15.7, vs 43.6 ± 15.1 in group B where males were more than females. The Road Traffic Accident has been observed to be the most frequent cause. There was a statistically significant relation between TRISS, BIG score and the ED outcomes. The mortality rate in ED was 10% & 7% in group A and group B respectively. A BIG score of 15.75 was determined as the cut-off, with 94.4% sensitivity and 81.51% specificity. The cut-off point of TRISS score was 24.6, with sensitivity and specificity of 92.3 % and 81.6% correspondingly.
Conclusion: The TRISS and BIG scores could be satisfactorily predict mortality and interventions in a case of adult multiple trauma.