Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections in Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) remain a major complication in patients undergoing hemodialysis, particularly those using tunneled dialysis catheters (TDCs). These infections contribute significantly to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of CRBSI among chronic hemodialysis patients, identify associated risk factors, characterize microbiological patterns, and evaluate clinical outcomes. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 307 hemodialysis patients at Menoufia University Hospital. The data, history, lab parameters and blood culture with sensitivity all were collected. The diagnosis of catheter related infections was based on infectious disease society of America (IDSA) guidelines with differential time to positivity (DTP). Results: Catheter-related infections was present in large number of patients. Gram positive organisms were the most common (the staph with coagulase-negative and staphylococcus aurous found to be the predominant pathogens). Recurrent infections were found with prolonged catheter usage, previous attacks of infections, and poor hygiene. Poor outcomes were related to recurrent attacks of infections, inappropriate use of antibiotic, and long duration of catheter usage.
Conclusion: Catheter-related infections still are a major health problem in hemodialysis patients with catheters. Early diagnosis, proper antibiotic use, with proper hygiene and infection control protocols are essential for good outcomes.