Investigating the Relationship Between Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels and In Vitro Fertilization Outcomes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Background: Emerging research indicates that increased Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) levels may hinder follicular responsiveness to Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), with subsequent reduction in estradiol synthesis and impaired follicle selection.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum AMH concentrations and outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in infertile women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted at the Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit (ARTU) of Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. The study included 104 anovulatory infertile females with PCOS who underwent IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedures.
Results: AMH levels were inversely associated by both patient age and duration of infertility (p < 0.001 and p = 0.030, correspondingly). A significant positive relationship was identified between AMH levels and antral follicle count (AFC) (p < 0.001). Additionally, higher AMH levels had positive correlations with the anticipated number of oocytes, actual oocyte retrieval, mature (MII) oocytes, and fertilized oocytes (p = 0.003, 0.004, 0.018, and 0.048, respectively). AMH levels also demonstrated significant positive correlations with rate of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), and live births rate (LBR) (p = 0.025, 0.036, and 0.047, correspondingly).
Conclusion: It could be concluded that serum AMH shows moderate predictive capability for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and key reproductive outcomes, including biochemical pregnancy rate, clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), and live birth rate (LBR). No significant relationship is observed between AMH levels and either the duration or total dosage of ovarian stimulation.