Assessment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Associated Nephropathy: Review Article

Ahmed, Rabab Ahmed Elsayed; Ayoub, Mohamed Fouad Ahmed; Elsayed, Ayman Riyadh Abdel Hameed; Morsi, Fatima AlTaher Taha; Ali, Mahmoud Ali Khalil

doi:10.21608/ejhm.2023.306892

Assessment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Associated Nephropathy: Review Article

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

10.21608/ejhm.2023.306892

Abstract

Background: One of the leading causes of kidney failure in people living with HIV is HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), the first form of renal involvement in HIV patients to be described.
Objective: Review of literature aboutHuman Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Associated Nephropathy.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct for relevant articles on Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Nephropathy. Only the most recent or thorough studies were taken into account between December 1981 and January 2020. The authors also evaluated the value of resources culled from other works in the same genre. Therefore, documents written in languages other than English have been ignored due to a lack of translation funds. Unpublished works, oral presentations, conference abstracts, and dissertations were generally agreed upon not to be qualified as scientific research.
Conclusion: According to reports, roughly 20% of HIV-infected people have end-stage renal disease, making it the third leading cause of such disease among African-Americans aged 20 to 64 years old. Some parts of Africa, for example, where the reduction is not as pronounced possibly due to a lack of antiretroviral treatment availability, are typical of such communities. The classic manifestation of HIVAN is known as collapsing glomerulopathy, and it is accompanied by proteinuric nephrotic syndrome, tubulointerstitial involvement, characterized by the enlargement and production of tubular microcysts as well as interstitial inflammation and tubular damage, Its symptoms could include blood in the urine (hematuria), quickly progressing kidney failure, and high blood pressure in the arteries.

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