Changes in Interleukin-35 (IL-35), Anti-TSHR antibody and Human Insulin- like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R) in Graves’ Disease Patients Treatedwith Radioactive Iodine

Objective: The objective of the current study was to examine the changes in the serum level of some immunological markers in Graves’ disease (GD) patients in comparison to healthy controls. In order to evaluate its utility as clinical biomarker of autoimmune disorder as well as  to establish the changes of some immunological markers and clinical outcome that is associated with radioactive iodine treatment.
Methodology: Serum levels of interleukin-35 (IL-35), anti-TSHR antibody and human insulin- like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were measured using ELISA assay. The blood samples were collected from a total of 70 Iraqi GD patients who were enrolled in this study during the period between February and April 2022. They were divided into two groups: The first group involved 35 patients with GD without treatment and the second group involved 35 patients who received radioactive iodine therapy (RAI). In addition, 30 people apparently healthy worked as control group.
Results: The results showed a significant decrease in serum levels of IL-35 and anti-TSHR in untreated and treated GD patients as compared to healthy control. The data also revealed that serum level of IGF-1 was higher in untreated GD patients compared to the control group, but it was decreased in treated GD patients. Also, there were a difference at serum levels of IL-35 and TSH-R when compared between the untreated and treated GD patients.
Conclusions: The results of IL-35 and anti-TSHR, and IGF-1 levels in the serum of the studied groups suggests the potential anti-inflammatory function of these biomarkers in GD.