Sodium Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitor as a Novel Therapy for Patients with Chronic Hyponatremia

Ibrahim, Mohamed E.; EL Shahawy, EL Metwally Lotfy; Elbadawy, Ayman M.; Rashaad, Tayseer Shawky; Srour, Zeinab Adel Elsayed Ahmed; Mansour, Ahmed Ezzat

doi:10.21608/ejhm.2023.286023

Sodium Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitor as a Novel Therapy for Patients with Chronic Hyponatremia

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

10.21608/ejhm.2023.286023

Abstract

Background: The most prevalent electrolyte anomaly seen in both hospitalised patients and the general population, hyponatremia is often defined as serum sodium concentration 135 mEq/L and is linked to higher morbidity and death.
Objective: To study sodium glucose transporter2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors influence in individuals suffering euvolemic and hypervolemic chronic hyponatremia and it may be a potential new alternative for persistent hyponatremia therapy in non-diabetic and diabetic patients.
Patients and Methods: That prospective research was carried out on 75 chronic euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia individuals admitted to internal medicine department in hospitals of Benha university. 2 groups were formed from participating individuals: 25 hypervolemic hyponatremia or chronic euvolemic individuals in group (1) who received placebo with additional conventional treatment of chronic hyponatremia (fluid restriction). Group (2) included 50 hypervolemic hyponatremia or chronic euvolemic individuals who received SGLT2 inhibitor (empagliflozin).Results: No critical change was seen in serum sodium among day 0 and day 4 or between day 0 and day 30 in SGLT2 inhibitor untreated patients. Serum sodium was critically lower in day 0 than day 4 (p <0.001) and was also substantially lower in day 0 than 30 (p <0.001) in SGLT2 inhibitor treated patients.
Conclusions: The use of SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin lead to serum sodium critical elevation in day 4 and 30 after the start of treatment compared to baseline serum sodium level with a higher level at day 4 and 30 than SGLT2 inhibitor untreated patients.

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