N- Acetyl Cysteine Versus Hesperidin as a Prophylactic Agent for Lambda - Cyhalothrin Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study

Introduction:  Lambda Cyhalothrin (LCT) is greatly used to manage a wide variety of pests present in farming and in home procedures.
Aim: The current work was intended to demonstrate structural and functional alterations within the liver subsequent to long-standing exposure to LCT. Protective effect of Hesperidin and N- acetylcysteine was also investigated.
Material and methods: 40 adult male albino rats were used in this experiment, and they were split into four equal groups: control, LCT group, rats were received LCT at a dose 61.2mg/kg b. wt. per day by oral gavage for 28 days.LCT + Hesperidin group, rats were given the same dose of LCT with simultaneous oral dosage of HSP at a dose of 100mg/kg b. wt., LCT + N-Acetyl cysteine group at which rats were received the same dose of LCT as the previous 2 groups with simultaneous oral administration of N-acetyl cysteine 150 mg/kg b. wt. The liver underwent a number of biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis.
Results: LCT induced oxidative stress which leads to liver damage (increases MDA / decreases GSH). LCT caused degeneration of hepatocytes and increases inflammatory cells, this is followed by rise in liver markers (AST and ALT). While concurrent administration of Hesperidin and N- Acetyl cysteine during LCT exposure period preserved the architecture of the liver, prevents its damage, reduced oxidative stress and normalized liver function tests.
Conclusion: Administration of N –Acetyl cysteine during exposure to the insecticide LCT has a protective effect on the liver more than Hesperidin.