Association between Changes of Blood Indices, Ultrasound Parameters and the Severity of Preeclampsia

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) affects 2 to 8% of pregnancies with its enormous effect on maternal and newborn morbidity. Placental dysfunction and placental hypoxia are thought to have systemic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction leading to increased neutrophil numbers and thrombocyte activation through different immunological mechanisms.
Objective: Appraisal the changes occur in both platelet, white blood cell indices and ultrasound with preeclampsia.
Patients and methods: case control observational study conducted in Menoufia University Hospital started on May 2020, ended by May 2021. The study included 120 patients divided to group (A) 70 pregnant participants with PE and group (B) 50 healthy pregnant participants. Venous blood sample was obtained and ultrasound examination for each women was done.
Results: this study resulted in significant difference between both groups regarding the WBC indices (TLC, ANC, ALC), platelets indices (PLT, MPV and PDW) and US parameters including the placental site and umbilical artery Doppler (S/D and RI) (p-value < 0.05). Lateral placenta was presented in 25 cases of PE. There was statistical difference in TLC, ALC, ANC and PLT in women with PE had lateral placenta than same group with other sites of placenta.
Conclusions: Blood indices (PLT, WBC) have been recognized as possible markers for predicting preeclampsia. Especially if they are associated with lateral placenta.