Epidemiological Study Of The Childhood Disabilities: A Household Survey In Four Egyptian Governorates

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Departments of Community and Industrial Medicine; Community Health Nursing

2 Paychiatry department Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Al-Azhar and Zagazig University

3 Paediatrics department Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Al-Azhar and Zagazig University

4 ENT Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Al-Azhar and Zagazig University

5 Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Al-Azhar and Zagazig University

Abstract

This study was conducted on 1403 children from four Egyptian governorates. These governorates were; Alexandria, Al-Behira, Cairo and Al-Giza. The aim of the study was to define different types of the childhood disabilities, to find out their prevalence’s in the selected governorates in Egypt, to define their distribution and to define their risk factors. A cross- sectional study design was chosen to investigate the current research problem. All the children had undergone complete physical examinations. Also, children’s parents were interviewed. There were specific inclusions criteria have been considered to include the child as a case in the study. The overall prevalence of the childhood disabilities in these governorates was 8.8%. The most common prevalent childhood disabilities were; visual, speech and hearing (4.5%, 2.1% and 1.9%, respectively). While, the most common prevalent risk factors were mother delivered at home and/or not received antenatal care (7.2% and 6.3%, respectively). Positive consanguinity and baby not strictly received vaccination were the most important risk factors, odds ratio = 3.81 and 3.31, respectively. While, only positive consanguinity was significantly correlated with all types of the childhood disabilities. Furthermore, positive consanguinity had the highest correlation with all types of the childhood disabilities. Also, childhood disabilities tend to be common among males (57.6%) and of congenital aetiology (61.8%). The main source of habilitation was the private centers (79.2%).

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