Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Knee Replacement Surgery and Its Effect on Long Term1871911144910.12816/0043075ENOmar Abdulmohsen AlshadokhiImam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic UniversityIbraheem Abdullah AldawodImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityAlthobaiti Thamer AbdullahKing Faisal Medical CityFouad Taiwilaa AlshammariUniversity of HailMatar Abdullah AlzahraniMedical University of GdańskAyat Adel AlmusallyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityAnas Mustafa MakhdoumTaibah UniversityMohammad Hamid AlfallajDow University of Health SciencesAbdullaziz Ahmed Al-DarweshKing Faisal UniversityWaleed Mohammed F. AlsuwayhKing Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesKhalifa May'ouf AlbuainainImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityAlaa Jameel AlbarakatiAlnoor Specialist HospitalAhmed Ali AlmeshariKing Faisal UniversityMeshal Abdullatif AlmustafaKing Faisal UniversityKhalid Amin AbduldaemTaibah UniversityJournal Article20180820The primary indication for total knee replacement is relief of significant, disabling pain caused by severe arthritis. Total knee replacement surgery begins with correct planning of both the incision and the exposure of the joint. Definitely, these are factors that are just as important to an optimal outcome as choosing the right implant, positioning the components, and balancing the ligaments. While it is true that the standard incision and arthrotomy will, in most primary implant cases, provide adequate joint exposure, it is also true that cases characterized by certain conditions, such as previous cutaneous incisions, present specific skin and exposure problems that need to be recognized, planned for and overcomehttps://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11449_b0eb773bfaeef12aaba360dbaa417d38.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Role of MRI in Postoperative Assessment and Detection of Recurrence in Cancer Rectum1922041146510.12816/0043076ENSafaa Kamal Mohammad Bader-eldinRadiodiagnosis Department, Ain Shams UniversityAli Haggag Ali NoreldienRadiodiagnosis Department, Ain Shams UniversityMohammed Adil AliBaghdad UniversityJournal Article20180823<strong>Background: </strong>rectal cancer constitutes about one third of all gastrointestinal tumor. High resolution MRI plays a pivotal role in the post-operative follow up and also plays an important role in detection of recurrence. It is the best modality to assess the relations of the rectal tumor and the potential circumferential resection margin (CRM). Therefore it is currently considered the method of choice for local staging of rectal cancer and follows up after total mesorectal excision (TME) and detection of residual or recurrent cancer.
<strong>Objective:</strong> the purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of MRI in the postoperative assessment rectal carcinoma and detection of recurrence.
<strong>Subjects and methods</strong>: twenty patients with pathologically proven rectal carcinoma underwent pelvic MRI examination. <strong>Results: </strong>this study was conducted on twenty patients (13 male and 7 female) who underwent surgical excision of pathologically proven cancer rectum. Patients were selected from outpatient’s clinic and Department of Surgery at the El-Demerdash Hospital. The patient’s age ranges from 32 to 75 years old.
<strong>Conclusion: </strong>MRI of rectal cancer was accurate for post-operative assessment and had high sensitivity with specificity in the detection of recurrence. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11465_81ac625758dc7376a5e79b6871765382.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Medical Student’s Knowledge of Ionizing Radiation and Radiation Protection in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia2052091146610.12816/0043077ENTarik Anwar RahmatullahAlmaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaKhalid Anwar Abo AlelaAlmaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaKhalid Saeed AlanaziAlmaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180823<strong>Objectives:</strong> this study aimed to assess the knowledge of medical students in ionizing radiation and to study the effect of a 3-hour lecture in correcting their misconceptions.
<strong>Methods:</strong> a cohort study was conducted on medical students at Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the academic year 2015-2016. A 7-question multiple choice test type questionnaires administered before and after a 3-hour lecture was used to assess their knowledge. The data were collected from December 2015 to February 2016. The lecture was given to 333 (72%) participants, out of the total of 459 medical students. It covered topics in ionizing radiation and radiation protection. The questionnaire was validated and analyzed by 3 content experts. <strong>Results:</strong> of the 333 who attended the lecture, only 253 (76%) students completed the pre- and post questionnaire and they were included in this study. The average student score improved from 47-78% representing a gain of 31% in knowledge (p =0.01).
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: the results indicated that the medical student’s knowledge regarding ionizing radiation and radiation protection is inadequate. Additional lectures in radiation protection significantly improved their knowledge of the topic and correct their current misunderstanding. This study had shown that even with one dedicated lecture, students can learn and learn general principles regarding ionizing radiation.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11466_ea57e666d966da7f34431074ed40aef9.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Pneumonia in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients2102141146710.12816/0043078ENMohammed Jamal AlofaisanKing Faisal universityWalaa Ali H AlkhalifahAlexandria universityMohammed Ahmed Yahya AlyamaniImam Muhammad ibn Saud UniversityAli Hussain A ALDawodImam Abdulrahman bin Faisal universityBurir Mansour Al JassasUniversity of Dammam ( Imam Abdurahman Bin Faisal University now )Rana Mohammed M NourahKing Abdulaziz UniversityAfaf Meshal AlmjladNorthern Border UniversityHassan Ali A Al-MubarakImam Abdulrahman bin Faisal universitySulaiman Alaa S HanbazazahKing Abdulaziz UniversityAbdulhameed Ibrahim AlabdulhadiKing Faisal universityEsra Mohammed Omar AlsayedJazan universityBassam Adel AljabriUmm Al-qura universiyJournal Article20180823<strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) between patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) being treated with biologics and those being treated without biologics. <strong>Methods: </strong>From 220 patients with RA in our institution, we enrolled 12 patients who had developed pneumocystis pneumonia throughout the course of their management. They were divided into two groups according to the treatment they were receiving for rheumatoid arthritis: the biologics group (n = 6) and the nonbiologics group (n = 6). Clinical characteristics of pneumocystis pneumonia were compared between the two groups. <strong>Results: </strong>At pneumocystis pneumonia diagnosis, the biologics group showed significantly lower serum levels of β-D-glucan and C-reactive protein than the nonbiologics group, whereas the biologics group had significantly higher lymphocyte counts than the nonbiologics group. In the nonbiologics group, lower lymphocyte counts were associated with higher β-D-glucan levels; nonetheless, this was not witnessed in the biologics group.
<strong>Conclusion: </strong>The finding that rheumatoid arthritis patients being treated with biologics developed pneumocystis pneumonia with relatively normal lymphocyte counts and lower β-D-glucan levels suggests that the pathophysiology of pneumocystis pneumonia in those patients is different from that in patients being treated with other antirheumatic drugs.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11467_1c91ff50866d34819dcf2b6848e4aaf5.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Prevalence of Factors That Can Increase the Risk of Hip Fracture and Its Complications after Surgery2152221146810.12816/0043079ENSaad Saleh AlgarniIbn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, College of Medicine and Medical Science,Taif University, TaifMeshari Musaad AlmalkiIbn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, College of Medicine and Medical Science,Taif University, TaifJournal Article20180823<strong>Background:</strong> hip fractures are defined as any fracture of the femur between the articular cartilage of the hip joint to 5 cm below the distal point of the lesser trochanter; they can occur at any age, they but are most common in the older persons. A worldwide incidence hip fractures are 1.6 million osteoporotic fractures of the hip in people aged 50 years and older in 2000, of which about 70% (1.14 million) were in women.
<strong>Objectives:</strong> this study aimed to evaluate various postoperative complications and their risk factors in hip fracture patients in King Fahad Hospital in Saudi Arabia.
<strong>Method:</strong> this prospective study enrolled patients with hip fractures who were subjected to hip fracture surgeries in the king Fahad Hospital in the period from 1/5/2010 to 31/1/2016. Detailed medical history,perioperative characteristics and post-operative characteristicswere collected from the patient's files.
<strong>Results:</strong> the higher prevalence of hip fractures was founded among elderly patients with age range of 65 – 74 years. There was no significant correlations between age, gender, comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, anemia and walking of physical assistance), time of operation and post-operative complications (neurovascular, infection in joints, dislocation of the joint, loosing of the joint and post-operative disabilities) regarding readmission of hip fractures patients for the same reason within one year.While, there was a significant correlation between osteoporosis and readmission of hip fractures patients for the same reason within one year (P=0.049).
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> medical complications such as neurovascular and infection in joints are encountered more frequently than surgical complications such as dislocation of the joint, loosing of the joint and post-operative disabilities. So, postoperative care is necessary to prevent medical complications.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11468_1588b3675687e9e2287416eae0689cf6.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Safety and Efficacy of Intermittent Versus Continuous Anticholinergic Medication in Management of Overactive Bladder in Adult2232271146910.12816/0043080ENMagdy Fath AllaDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityMahmoud Ahmed MahmoudDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityAbd El-Rahman Sayed YoussefDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityJournal Article20180823<strong>Background:</strong> overactive bladder (OAB) also referred to as the urgency-frequency syndrome, with or without urge urinary incontinence can considerably impair the patient's quality of life. It is widely accepted that diet and life style modifications, behavioral therapy and medication belong to the standard conservative therapeutic options and considered as the first-line measures. The International Consultation on Incontinence (ICI) guidelines reported that when the first line approach is not fully satisfactory or fails after 8-12 weeks, alternative therapies should be sought out. It is worthwhile and justified to proceed to second-line therapy if patients are refractory to antimuscarinic therapy or if the treatment is contraindicated. Second-line of therapies include less-invasive measures such as percutaneous posterior tibial neve stimulation, sacral neuromodulation, detrusor injections with botulinum toxin (BTX) and whereas more-invasive measures constitute surgical techniques e.g. bladder augmentation or substitution. Pelvic neuromodulation has been proven effective and is today an established treatment option for patients refractory to or intolerant of conservative treatments.
<strong>Objective: </strong>this study aimed to compare between the efficacy of continuous anticholinergic therapy and intermitted anticholinergic therapy for treatment of the overactive bladder.
<strong>Patients and Methods: </strong>our study included 60 patients categorized into two groups: continuous anticholinergic therapy group and intermitted anticholinergic therapy. By using 12 weekly intermitted anticholinergic therapies, remarkable clinical results were obtained. Percent of the patients who complained OAB in the intermitted anticholinergic group reported a statistically significant subjective success. These patients chose to continue treatment to maintain the response.
<strong>Results: </strong>patients in the intermitted anticholinergic therapy group showed significant improvement of frequency (31%) urgency (50%) urge incontinence (50%) and nocturia (53%) compared to propiverine group frequency (50%) urgency (60%) urge incontinence (67%) and nocturia (67%). No serious side effects were reported, in group A 8 patients had horm of dry mouth in 5 cases (16.7%), constipation in 2 cases (67%) 8 blurred vision in one case (33%). In group B, there were 5 patients (16.7%) in the horm of dry mouth in 3 cases (10% constipation in one case (3.3) and blurred vision in one case (3.3%).
<strong>Conclusion: </strong>our study concluded that intermittent anticholinergic therapy induced improvement of bladder over activity symptoms and less side effects than continuous anticholinergic group.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11469_aa770135897a3803afa34ee8e0c095e5.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Short Stature in Children2282331147010.12816/0043081ENNouf Awad Saleh AlbalawiPrince Salman Armed Forces HospitalBadriah Abdulrahman Basheer AlsabahPrince Salman Armed Forces HospitalAhmed Yaseen AlrefaeiTabuk University.Areej Mohammed Saad AlatawiPrince Salman Armed Forces HospitalMaha Salem AlbalawiPrince Salman Armed Forces HospitalZainab Metaeb Mohammed Monaked Al-EnaziPrince Salman Armed Forces HospitalMashael Zayed M AlbalawiPrince Salman Armed Forces HospitalAshwag Ahmed M AlshehriPrince Salman Armed Forces HospitalWejdan Abdulrahman Ali AlqarniPrince Salman Armed Forces HospitalJournal Article20180823 Short stature is a common problem in children. Short stature occurred due to many causes; these causes may be genetic, environmental or chronic diseases. Diagnosis of short stature could be achieved by two combined ways, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Treatment of short stature depends on the right diagnoses and the causative agent.
<strong> </strong>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11470_c38c053870fd7a9a52498f185191cc52.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Major Changes in Urine Investigations after Orthotopic Cystectomy with Ileal Neobladder2342381147110.12816/0043082ENHany Hamed Gad HasanDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityMohamed Ibrahim Ahmed IbrahimDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversitySaad Khalid Abdulkareem AlmulayDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityJournal Article20180823<strong>Background:</strong>urinary and metabolic changes differ in their severity and consequences. The severity of these changes is directly related to the type of bowel segment, surface area of bowel used, duration of urine storage concentration of solutes in urine, urinary PH and osmolarity, medications and underlying renal and hepatic function of the host. <strong>Aim of the work:</strong>this study aimed to characterize the physical, chemical and biological characters of urine in patients who underwent radical cystectomy with ileal neobladder and these could be utilized as a nomogram to which urine disorders in diversion patients were compared.
<strong>Design<em>:</em></strong> this was a retrospective cohort.
<strong>Patients and Methods<em>: </em></strong>this study was a prospective cohort and it included 150 patients and it was carried out in outpatient Clinic of Urology and Oncology Centers. 100 patients had radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder at least 6 months before the study. 50 of them were on alkaline treatment, the rest 50 were not. The last 50 were served as the control group. Also, all the patients had signed consent for taking their information in this study.
<strong>Results:</strong>this study included 150 patients who underwent radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder. The mean age + Sd was 59.8 + 9.5 and for the control group was 47.6 + 8.7 with no significant difference (p value 0.08). No significant difference was detected between both diversion groups as regard demographics (including sex) and follow up period except taking oral urine alkalinizers.
<strong>Conclusion<em>: </em></strong>the urine excreted from diverted patients differed from those with normal bladder and this would be of real importance to announce and increase the awareness among the treating physicians including the general practitioners, the urologists and other health providers. They have to know that those patients do not have a classic urinary bladder that is to say their urine is not real urine representing the urinary tract and this may avoid a lot of unnecessary procedures or to protect such group of patients from unrecognized clinical and medical mistakes.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11471_348d12c92015291353e5c4c0eda31b13.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Versus Non-Stented Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy for Medium Sized Kidney Stones2392441147210.12816/0043083ENShereein Ibrahim RagyDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityDiaa El Din Mahmmoud Abdel FattahDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityMohammed Abdel Fattah Abdel Khalek ShalabyDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityJournal Article20180823<strong>Background<em>: </em></strong>nephrolithiasis is a common complex disease. It is the third most common disaster of the urinary tract, exceeded only by urinary tract infections and pathologic conditions of the prostate. About 50 % of recurrent stone formers have just one life time recurrence. At present, the great expansion in minimally invasive techniques has led to the decrease in open stone surgery (OSS). Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has been introduced as an alternative approach which disintegrates stones in the kidney and upper urinary tract through the use of shock waves (SWs). Nevertheless, as there are limitations with the success rate in ESWL, other minimally invasive modalities for kidney stones such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) are considered.
<strong>Aim of the work<em>: </em></strong>this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ESWL VS PNL in management of non-lower polar medium sized stone (1-2 cm) as regards to stone size, location and number.
<strong>Patients and Methods<em>: </em></strong>this is a prospective randomized comparative clinical study that was conducted in Ain Shams Urology Department and Agouza Hospital Urology Department from December 2016 till September 2017.Sixty patients were enrolled; of which 30 patients underwent PNL and other 30 patients underwent Non-stented ESWL complaining of non-lower polar medium sized calyceal stones (1-2 cm). All patients were categorized into two subgroups; <strong>group A</strong> for ESWL and <strong>group B</strong> for PNL. Patients with lower calyceal stones, stone burden more than 2 cm, recurrent kidney stones, renal impairment, pregnant women and children were excluded from this study. Our study included 45 males (75%) and 15 females (25%) with a mean ± SD age 43.78±12.68 years (range 25 to 65). The patients’ criteria (age, sex, body mass index) and the stone characteristics (side, stone size, attenuation value and skin- to-stone distance) were compared between both groups. The SFR rate, the need for secondary procedures were calculated and compared.
<strong>Results<em>: </em></strong>30 patients underwent PNL and the other 30 patients underwent Non-Stented ESWL. Twenty nine patients (96.6%) who underwent PNL rendered SFR detected by Non-enhanced Helical CT (Less than 4 mm) after one month; two cases 2 mm and 3 mm CIRF and only one case with 4 mm residual whereas only 5 patients (16.7%) in the ESWL group with high significance (P < 0.001) and all patients in PNL group were completed stone clearance without auxiliary procedure (p< 0.001).
<strong>Conclusion<em>: </em></strong>PNL is the modality of choice in medium sized (1-2cm) lower calyceal renal stone. PNL was more effective than ESWL for treating medium sized (1-2 cm) non lower polar renal stone, it has advantages of higher initial SFR with short time of treatment and lower auxiliary procedures (lower retreatment rate).However, ESWL was associated with fewer complications.https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11472_e6d601e472410d482e29cfddd1fe56c7.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Association between Bronchial Asthma and Pubertal Delay in Pediatric Patients2452501147310.12816/0043084ENAbdullah Khalid A DakhelQassim College of MedicineFahad Abdullah R AlqeaidQassim College of MedicineFahad Mohammed A AlkhuzayyimQassim College of MedicineJournal Article20180823Background: asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease with a considerable prevalence and unfavorable impacts on various body systems. The natural history of asthma has been extensively investigated in terms of the varied effects on age and gender. Aim of the study: this study aims to achieve a better understanding of the unclear relationship between bronchial asthma and pubertal delay in the pediatric age group. Methods: we reviewed the scientific literature concerned with studying the effect of asthma and its treatment on the growth of children and the onset of puberty using some international medical databases (Medline, Google scholar, EMBASE). Conclusion: Although there have been some community-based surveys and studies based on young children which failed to find an association between asthma and growth, others revealed that asthma can cause growth retardation through different mechanisms, including hypoxia, impaired lung functions, or endocrine malfunctions. Pubertal delay is also observed in untreated asthmatic boys and girls. In addition, inhaled corticosteroids, the best available treatment of asthma, were found also to have an effect on pubertal delay and this effect is dependent on the dose, duration and the outcome of therapy. When concentrating on pubertal delay, it seems that more longitudinal studies are required to comprehensively investigate the effects of asthma and its treatment on this vital stage of life. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11473_ad320bdaff38138a7bbefc01eb441e1c.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Knowledge and Attitudes of Parents on ChildhoodImmunization in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia2512561147410.12816/0043085ENEsra Saleh ALAmriAlmaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaYoussef Fayez HoraibAlmaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaWala Rafa Al-anaziAlmaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180823Background: this study aimed to assess parental knowledge and attitudes on childhood immunization among Saudi parents. Methods: this was a cross sectional prospective study. Pretested well designed questionnaires were distributed during March 2017. Parents with children of 0-12 years old were invited to answer the questionnaires. Association between dependent variables (knowledge, and attitudes) and independent ones (parent’s demographics) were tested using Chi-square test. P values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: a total of 731 parents were recruited. Parents had good knowledge on aspects related to the general role of vaccination in prevention of some infectious diseases were 672(91.9%), timing of the first dose in vaccination schedule included 635(86.9%). However, poor knowledge was documented among parents in other aspects like the importance of administration of multiple doses of the same vaccine to child immunity were 304(41.6%), administration of multiple vaccines at the same time have no negative impacts on child immunity were 271(37.1%), vaccination of children against seasonal influenza were 334(45.7%) and contraindication to vaccination were 287(39.3%). Parents attitudes towards immunization was positive expect in some aspects related to vaccination side effects showed 316 (34.2%) and the probability of occurrence of diseases against which the child was vaccinated was 288(39.4%). Gender, residence and educational level were found to be significantly associated with both parent’s knowledge and attitudes towards immunization. Conclusion: although parents had good knowledge and positive attitudes on some aspects related childhood immunization, gaps in both studied domains were identified. Educational interventions are needed to upgrade parent’s knowledge with special emphasis on less educated and residents of rural areas.https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11474_82fbdf7e5fcb99dbf63f7177034b23dc.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Prevalence of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Neonates2572641147510.12816/0043086ENShahad Abdulhafith QariMedicine Department, College of Medicine, Taif UniversityAreej Abdulrhman AlsufyaniMedicine Department, College of Medicine, Taif UniversitySharaf Hassan MuathinNICU Department, College of Medicine, Taif
University.Nesriene M. El MargoushyUniversity King Abdulaziz Hospital, Taif, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180823Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome is defined as acute diffuse inflammatory lung injury causing increased pulmonary vascular permeability with increased lung weight, loss of aerated lung tissues leading to hypoxemia and bilateral radiographic opacities associated with increased venous admixture, increased physiological dead space and decreased lung compliance. Aim of work: to determine the prevalence rates of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in neonates in King Abdulaziz Hospital, Taif city, Saudi Arabia and to find out the most important causes of RDS in preterm babies in Taif city. Methods: a cross-sectional questionnaire based study carried out in Saudi Arabia, Taif city, King Abdulaziz Hospital from January to June 2016 (6 months period) on preterm neonates. Results: 57.1% of newborn were male gender and 42.9% were female, 4.4% of babies were extreme preterm, 86.5% were preterm, 4.4% were late preterm and 4.7% were full term, the prevalence rate of RDS in newborn was 54.7% in the 6 months of this study. Conclusion: RDS is one of the major problems among newborns and a major reason for increased morbidity and mortality among infants. Preterm babies are the main risk factor for development of RDS. Mother’s illnesses, especially hypertension and Diabetes are very strong risk factors for the disease in preterm babies. Cesarean delivery, especially in preterm babies and male gender stays other important risk factors for RDS. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11475_c031f1769d5c83cf26cbd0fa7c7a3325.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Maternal Awareness and Attitude about Neonatal Screening Program in the Eastern Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia2652721147610.12816/0043087ENFadhel Mohammed AlfayezCollege of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, KSAMohammed Ahmed AlamirMedical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandHassan Ali AlnahwiMedical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandDhiyaa Mohammed AleidMedical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland,Hawra Jaafar AlsheefKing Khalid UniversityMujtaba Jameel AlzakariImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityJournal Article20180823<strong>Background: </strong>despite the worldwide recognition of the importance of pre-screening education of parents, the current body of evidence suggests that parents often receive little information about neonatal screening (NS) and may even be unaware about the screening of their baby.
<strong>Aim of the work: </strong>this study aimed to assess the attitudes and knowledge of the Saudi women towards the NS program and their psychological impact.
<strong>Methods: </strong>we performed a cross-sectional study on mothers in the Eastern Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A modified version of the Maternal Attitudes and Knowledge about Newborn Screening Survey was used to assess the attitudes and knowledge of the women towards the NS program.
<strong>Results: </strong>we retrieved 388 surveys. Twenty-five percent of the women acquired their knowledge about NS programs from the internet. Eighty-two percent of the women had healthy children and 42% of them think that the best time to know about NS programs is at the time of screening itself. Our analysis showed a significant association between the educational level and knowledge about the best time to learn about neonatal screening (p=0.0001). Almost half of the women who had one child stated that the screening should take place 2-3 months before the baby is born (p=0.018). The child health status was also associated with the knowledge that if the baby’s newborn test is abnormal I might have something wrong with my DNA (p=0.015). It was also associated with knowing that NS will test for common diseases that run in families like diabetes, asthma and heart disease (p=0.02). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Saudi women had a positive attitude, but with little knowledge towards the NS program. Further studies are needed to assess the predictors of different levels of knowledge.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11476_d8e96b713c9204b64ef47a52d13267f7.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Serum Copper and Zinc levels in Vitiligo Patients2732811147710.12816/0043088ENMarwa A. SalemFaculty of Medicine, Fayoum UniversityTalal A. Abd El-RaheemFaculty of Medicine, Fayoum UniversityNesreen M. AboraiaFaculty of Medicine, Fayoum UniversityJournal Article20180823Background: vitiligo is a common, acquired, discoloration of the skin, characterized by well circumscribed, ivory or chalky white macules and patches. Researchers suggested that vitiligo may arise from autoimmune (AI), genetic, oxidative stress or neural causes. Zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) are trace elements that are required in minutely small doses. The unique process of keratinization and melanin formation is enzyme-dependent and therefore could be influenced by trace elements deficiencies or excesses as trace elements are involved in enzymatic activities and immunologic reactions. Aim of work: this study aimed to detect the levels and roles of serum Zn and Cu in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Patients and methods: our study included 50 vitiligo patients and 50 apparently healthy controls. Age of study groups ranged from 15 to 60 years and both sexes. Serum Zn and Cu levels were measured in each study group. Results: serum Zn levels were statistically significant lower in both the studied groups, but in vitiligo group they were much lower than the control group. Serum Cu levels were statistically insignificant higher in vitiligo group than the control group. Conclusion: there is a relationship between vitiligo and serum Zn. Further studies are needed to obtain better knowledge about effect of the trace elements in vitiligo patients.https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11477_7c0d386c660c7cefc73e551c62165855.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Renal Involvement in Cases of Spindle Epithelial Tumor with Thymus-Like Differentiation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature2822861147810.12816/0043089ENAhmed N KhogeerCollege of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi
ArabiaSalman H FelembanCollege of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi
ArabiaHatim MaghrabyKing Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaIntisar RasheedyKing Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaSalahudin LamyKing Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180823Background: Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation (SETTLE) is a very rare neoplasm of the thyroid first described by Chan and Rosai in 1991. Renal involvement usually occurs as part of a disseminated metastatic picture. SETTLE is believed to arise from branchial pouch or thymic remnants and shows primitive thymic differentiation. Presentation: A 41-year-old male presented with a thyroid mass in 2005. The patient underwent a total thyroidectomy followed by radiation therapy. Pathology concluded papillary thyroid cancer. In 2011, the patient was admitted with worsening cough. CT showed lung involvement, multiple mediastinal lymph nodes, and a left renal mass. A biopsy established the diagnosis of SETTLE. Four cycles of platinum chemotherapy were given. In 2014, the patient was referred to Urology with progressive flank pain and hematuria. CT showed a progression of the renal mass, and results of an U/S guided biopsy of the kidney were consistent with SETTLE. An elective radical nephrectomy was performed in late 2016 to relieve symptoms. The patient is currently being followed as an outpatient. Conclusion: Due to the rare nature of SETTLE, algorithms for the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes are not established. Although SETTLE presents as a low-grade malignancy, this case, as well as other reported cases with a long follow-up duration, suggested that it can metastasize many years after initial diagnosis. More data is needed to elucidate the risk and prognosis of renal metastasis in SETTLE. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11478_2ad1395c6d7dea16e3e5a07cd3697e62.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Multiple Types of Coloboma in an Otherwise Healthy Patient: A Case Report2872881147910.12816/0043090ENAyman A AlghamdiCollege of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), JeddahMusab A AlsubaieCollege of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), JeddahAhmed N KhogeerCollege of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), JeddahMohammed MalakDepartment of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180823Purpose: this study aimed to report a case of a unilateral lenticular coloboma super imposed over bilateral iris and optic nerve coloboma in a healthy patient, colobomas are rare congenital malformation of the neuroectodermal tissue of the optic cup. Materials and Methods: this case of medically free patient who complained of poor vision since early childhood that has progressed in the last five years. Patient underwent thorough and complete ophthalmic investigation. Results: fundus photography revealed inferior optic nerve colobomas in both eyes and no uveal colobomas. On slit lamp examination, bilateral inferior iris coloboma were noted. Systemic examination was unremarkable. Patient was otherwise healthy. Conclusion: our report showed the need of more studies to be done in order to have a better understanding of the prevalence, management and genetics related to this condition in our population. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11479_9f62fd78f134668075e9c340ebec7950.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Patterns of Maxillofacial Fractures Associated with Assault Injury in Khamis Mushait City and Related Factors2892921148010.12816/0043091ENAli Mohammed AlqahtaniCollege of Dentistry, King Khalid UniversityJournal Article20180823Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the patterns of maxillofacial fractures associated with assaults among male patients in Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study was a retrospective study conducted in Armed Forces Hospital Southern region(AFHSR) in Khamis Mushait City. The patients’ records were investigated and full-detailed records were included. Demographic data as well as type, location and cause of the maxillofacial fractures were obtained. Results: A total of 215 patients’ records were recruited for this study. Patients with age from 15 to 25 years were more than other age groups. Most of the patients were not Saudi citizens. About 68% of patients completed their primary school or were illiterates. Nearly half of the fractures (49%) were found in the dentoalveolar site. Mandible was more affected than maxilla. Left side was more affected than right side. Blunted injuries were more frequent among patients than penetrated injuries. Patients with age ≤ 35 years were more suspected to have fractures than those with older ages. Conclusion: Assault and violence can result in considerable maxillofacial traumas. Dentoalveolar fractures were the most common fractures. Young patients were more affected than elders. This problem should be taken as a general health problem and the actions should be taken to prevent further problems. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11480_d5bd443619d056bcbd4a41c0dfe381d4.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Hypertension in Adolescent School Girls in Riyadh City, KSA2932971148110.12816/0043092ENFurat Abdulrahman AlmayoufCollege of Medicine, Qassim University, Almulida, Saudi ArabiaNoha Dekhail AldekhailCollege of Medicine, Qassim University, Almulida, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180823Background: Recent data from large samples of healthy adolescents show that the rates of hypertension and prehypertension in adolescents are greater than expected and are increasing. Children with elevated blood pressure can develop target organ damage. This work aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and to describe some related characteristics of cases in adolescent preparatory and secondary school girls of Riyadh city, KSA. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted among a cluster sample of adolescent preparatory and secondary school girls of Riyadh city, KSA during the academic year 2016- 2017. Data collected via a predesigned and pretested questionnaire to collect the relevant data. Results: In the studied adolescent girls, 6 (3.8%) were hypertensive; previously diagnosed and on treatment, 0.6% were ex-smoker and 1.9% were smokers. Two girls (1.2%) had renal disease, 2.4% had bronchial asthma, one girl (0.6%) had hypothyroidism and 0.6% had depression. Half of the cases aged 18 years, 33.3% aged 17 years and 16.7% aged 19 years (Mean (±SD) age of cases was 15.3 (± 2.8)). Conclusion: in adolescent preparatory and secondary school girls of Riyadh city, KSA, 3.8% were hypertensive. So health-care providers should recognize the increased risk of prehypertension and hypertension and should seek to identify and manage the modifiable risk factors in those adolescent girls. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11481_9683cc2e83862444991a09e8c4866d3a.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Squint in Children and Adolescents, Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia2983021148210.12816/0043093ENHadil Mohammed AleneziMedical Intern, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, ArarAdhwaa Saud AlruwailiMedical Intern, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, ArarNagah Mohamed Abo El-FetohAssociate Professor of
Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, ArarWasan Lafi AlanazMedical Intern, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, ArarNajah Salah F AlanaziMedical Intern, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, ArarMona Salah F AlanaziMedical Student,
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, kingdom of Saudi ArabiaShahad Lafi AlanaziMedical Student,
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, kingdom of Saudi ArabiaTaif Shayish AlanazMedical Student,
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, kingdom of Saudi ArabiaBasmah Abdullah S AlanazMedical Student,
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, kingdom of Saudi ArabiaOhud Falah AlanaziMedical Student,
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, kingdom of Saudi ArabiaAbdurhman Aiash AlrwailiMedical Student,
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, kingdom of Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180823Background: Squint, crossed eyes and deviating eyes is a condition in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. A child with squint may stop using the affected eye. This can lead to visual loss called amblyopia, which can become permanent unless treated early in childhood. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of squint, some determinants and clinical manifestations and treatment characteristics in the studied children and adolescents in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia. This was a cross-sectional study, conducted in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia. The study included 156 randomly selected participants (62 male and 94 female children and adolescents). Results: This study reported squint in 14.7% of the studied sample, 26.1% were females and 73.9% were males. There was no significant relation between squint and age, other hereditary diseases or other chronic diseases but there was relation with consanguinity between parents (P=0.03). The cause of squint was eye trauma in 17.4%, surgical operation in 4.3% and neurological disease in 4.3%. Squint was right sided in 47.8% of cases, left sided in 34.8% and in both eyes in 17.4% of the studied cases. 78.3% of the cases had inward squint and 17.4% outward squint. In 8.7% of the cases squint alternate between eyes. Temporary squint found in 52.2% and 78.3% of squint cases use glasses. In all cases squint affect visual acuity. All cases received treatment (69.9% medical and 30.4% surgical) but only 52.2% cured and 43.5% had recurrence. Conclusion: This study reported squint in 14.7% of the studied sample, 73.9% were males. There was significant with sex and consanguinity between parents (P=0.03). The etiology was eye trauma, eye surgical operation and neurological disease. Large scale screening studies is mandatory. Health education of the public about causes and importance of early treatment is important.https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11482_543be7e21814e9862c3f959d8afff78c.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101The Relation between Breastfeeding and Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus Type I in Saudi Arabia, Cross Sectional Stud3033071148310.12816/0043094ENAlnasyan Abdulrahman, AlDayel OsamahImam Muhammad ibn saud Islamic University
College of Medicine, RiyadhAlDayel OsamahImam Muhammad ibn saud Islamic University
College of Medicine, RiyadhAlZaid AbdulrahmanImam Muhammad ibn saud Islamic University
College of Medicine, RiyadhAl Menqash AhmedImam Muhammad ibn saud Islamic University
College of Medicine, RiyadhJournal Article20180823Background: Diabetes is a complex, chronic illness requiring continuous medical care with multifactorial risk-reduction strategies beyond glycemic control. Type 1 diabetes is due to autoimmune β -cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency. Since that prevalence of type 1 diabetes increased globally and Saudi Arabia considered as one of the top 10 countries for number of children with type 1 diabetes. Our aim is to know the relation between breastfeeding and incidence of diabetes mellitus type I during childhood in Saudi Arabia, and to know if early weaning is a risk factor for diabetes mellitus type I. Methods: an online cross sectional survey, written in Arabic language targeting both males and females’ living in Saudi Arabia from age 18 and below. Results: 407 participants 52.3% were diagnosed with type one diabetes and 47.7% are free from type one diabetes. 45% of participants are fed by breastfeeding only, 45.9% are fed by breastfeeding and formula while 9.1% were fed by formula only. 40.3% of participants were weaned at age of six months or less, while 21.6% at age of seven to twelve month. 38.1% of participants were weaned at age of thirteen to twenty four month. 52.3% of participants are diagnosed with type one diabetes with mean age of diagnosis at 10.6 years old, median at 10 years old and mode at 12 years old. 26.3% of those who are diagnosed with type one diabetes were fed by breastfeeding only while 59.6% were fed by breastfeeding and formula. On the other hand, 14.1% are fed by formula only.Conclusion: Type 1 diabetes has genetic predisposition, and as the affected relative is more closer, the risk is higher. Breastfeeding appears to be a protective factor against type 1 diabetes, and it is associated with less risk of getting type 1 diabetes. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11483_651e0af5594d628dc8dc8bbfe4db82fd.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Length of Stay and Patient Satisfaction after Appendectomy3083111148410.12816/0043096ENMomen Hadi S. ShawkJazan UniversityAli Mansour Taher SumayliJazan UniversityMohammad Ali Mousa DaghririJazan UniversityKhormi Ahmed Hadi AJazan UniversityMohammad Abdu SulaimanIbn sina collegeSaud Abdulaziz Musa AlqahtaniJazan UniversityAlhazmi Ali Mohammed NJazan UniversityAltaher Ahmed Hassan AJazan UniversityJournal Article20180823Objective: This review to show the degree of patient satisfaction and length of stay after laparoscopic appendectomy or open appendectomy. Moreover, the degree of appendicitis was considered either acute appendicitis or perforated appendicitis which can result in complications like sepsis, peritonitis and gangrene. Data sources: (PubMed, Google Scholar) have been searched for papers that addressed patient satisfaction and length of stay after appendectomy, preoperative appendicitis status and the operation used for appendectomy were considered during searching. Results: It was obvious that patient who have undergone laparoscopic appendectomy were more satisfied and had short length of stay after the operation neither than patients who have undergone open appendectomy who were less satisfied and had longer length of stay. Also, it was clear that patient with acute appendicitis were more satisfied with short length of stay neither than patients with perforated appendicitis who were less satisfied with longer length of stayhttps://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11484_a38707b8e1bab919da499b1bdc7de163.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Role of MRI in Characterization of Benign Hepatic Focal Lesions3123241148510.12816/0043097ENMohamed Abdul Aziz AliRadiodiagnosis Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityAhmed Mohamed HusseinRadiodiagnosis Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityRawnaq Ahmed TuayenBasrah UniversityJournal Article20180823Background: nowadays, magnetic resonance plays a key role in management of liver lesions, using a radiation-free technique and a safe contrast agent profile. The heightened soft-tissue resolution and sensitivity to intravenous contrast agents provided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) makes it an invaluable problem-solving tool for fully characterizing focal liver lesions (FLL). Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences have been shown to be an emerging contributor for liver MRI and are being incorporated in most abdominal MR protocols. Aims: To determine the role of MRI in characterization of benign hepatic focal lesions. Patients and methods: This study included 30 patients (11 M, 19 F with mean age of 47.7 years) with benign hepatic focal lesions. They were simple cyst (n =6), hemangioma (n = 11), abscess (n = 4), adenoma (n = 2), focal nodular hyperplasia (n = 3), Hydatid cyst (n=1) and regenerative nodules (n = 3). They underwent routine MR imaging and diffusion MR weighted imaging using 1.5 tesla MR unit (Philips Achieva). Diffusion MR imaging was done using spin echo type of single shot echo planar imaging (EPI) with b value of 0, &800 mm2/sec. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map was reconstructed and ADC value was measured. The mean ADC values correlated with histopathological results as well as followup imaging results. Results: The mean ADC values were significantly different within benign hepatic focal lesions (P < 0.001). There was highly statically significant relation between cyst and hemangioma (p-value < 0.001), cyst and abscess (p-value <0.001), hemngioma and abscess (p-value < 0.001), while there was no statically significance relation between adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia (p-value < 0.74), adenoma and regenerative nodules (p-value < 0.67) and focal nodular hyperplasia and regenerative nodules (p-value < 0.41). Conclusions: benign liver lesions are frequently encountered in clinical practice and their characterization may be sometimes difficult. The problem of lesion characterization is mainly crucial and may influence therapeutic decisions and patient’s management. The role of imaging is therefore a mainstay and MRI, with its multi parametric potentialities, is a highly accurate method for lesion detection and characterization. Nevertheless, benign lesions may be sometimes “non-typic” in their cellular content and vascular behavior and lesions biopsy can be necessary for definitive characterization. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11485_350ab18b278f8397e37e2a16953898c6.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Patterns of Maxillofacial Fractures Associated with Assault Injury in Khamis Mushait City and Related Factor3253281148610.12816/0043098ENAli Mohammed AlqahtaniCollege of Dentistry, King Khalid UniversityJournal Article20180823Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the patterns of maxillofacial fractures associated with assaults among male patients in Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This study was a retrospective study conducted in Armed Forces Hospital Southern region(AFHSR) in Khamis Mushait City. The patients’ records were investigated and full-detailed records were included. Demographic data as well as type, location and cause of the maxillofacial fractures were obtained. Results: A total of 215 patients’ records were recruited for this study. Patients with age from 15 to 25 years were more than other age groups. Most of the patients were not Saudi citizens. About 68% of patients completed their primary school or were illiterates. Nearly half of the fractures (49%) were found in the dentoalveolar site. Mandible was more affected than maxilla. Left side was more affected than right side. Blunted injuries were more frequent among patients than penetrated injuries. Patients with age ≤ 35 years were more suspected to have fractures than those with older ages. Conclusion: Assault and violence can result in considerable maxillofacial traumas. Dentoalveolar fractures were the most common fractures. Young patients were more affected than elders. This problem should be taken as a general health problem and the actions should be taken to prevent further problems. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11486_30e0b933a3ff24945ebf2ab9e5ab42fd.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101The Prevalence of Rhinitis and Its Association with Smoking in A Nationwide Survey of Saudi Adults, 20173293321148710.12816/0043099ENSaud Mohammed Saud AleisaTaif UniversityAbdulaziz Saud Fahad AljuaidTaif UniversityAbdulaziz Fahad AltowairqiTaif UniversityAli Yasen Ali AhmedTaif UniversityAbdulrahman Omar MansyTaif UniversityJournal Article20180823Background: Rhinitis is a common worldwide disease affecting more than 20% of people in many western and developing countries as well. Objectives: Assessing the prevalence of rhinitis and its association with smoking in a nationwide survey of Saudi adults.Methods: A national wide survey based on a cross-sectional study conducted among general adult Saudi population during the period from August to November 2017 Results: About 32.85% of the subjects suffered from nasal allergies, 29.5% suffer from runny nose, 31.4% had sneezing and itchy nose and 28.9% had red and itchy eye. The overall prevalence of rhinitis after diagnosis and revising the medical history of respondents was 32.8%. There was a significant association between the younger ages, male gender with the prevalence of rhinitis. Also, a highly significant association was found between smoking status and higher prevalence of rhinitis. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of rhinitis was high among Saudi subjects and it was significantly associated with smoking status. Educational programs and good lifestyle and habits would play an important role in decreasing the prevalence of rhinitis among Saudi population. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11487_b45dff8b19a01cd0a77590343a238fea.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Prevention of Surgical Site Infections: A Systematic Review3333411148810.12816/0043100ENAbdulaziz Jubran A ArishiFaculty of Medicine, Jazan UniversityMohammed Ahmed H AgeeliFaculty of Medicine, Jazan UniversitySaud Mohammed M Al KhayraFaculty of Medicine, Jazan UniversityLujain Abdu H AlamodiFaculty of Medicine, Jazan UniversityOthman Ahmed HakamiFaculty of Medicine, Jazan UniversityMajid Mosa Muhsin MaeshiFaculty of Medicine, Jazan UniversityJournal Article20180823Introduction: The preoperative interventions used for prevention of SSIs have different effectiveness in the reduction of SSIs and subsequent surgical complications. This review aiming at evaluating the effectiveness of various methods of prevention for SSIs. Methods: The systematic search was conducted in Medline and Embase databases. This search identified 990 relevant studies using filters of human studies and 10 years since publishing. After exclusion of irrelevant, duplicated, and reviews the remaining is 55 potentially relevant studies. Results: The vast majority of studies were done in intra-abdominal procedures which were infection rate varied from 0% to 38.4%. The rate of SSIs was higher than 25% in two studies used cephalexine as prophylaxis, mohs micrographic surgery and assessed SSIs in perforated peptic ulcer. Intra-operative warming used in only one study which reported SSIs rate of 18%. In case of using a combination of oxygen and antibiotics the SSIs rate ranged from 7.9% to 38.4%. The lowest rate of SSIs was noted when antiseptic, and amoxicillin were used together 0% and it was only 0.009% when cefazolin was used. Conclusions: The wide difference in infection rates among included studies may be patient-related and procedure-dependent.https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11488_68bc3011607eb2bc9689da6203bf7cd1.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Pattern of clinical Endocrine Practice in King Khalid University Hospital3423441148910.12816/0043101ENAhmed Mousa AlmuhannaKing Saud UniversityMohamed AlmaatouqKing Khalid University HospitalJournal Article20180823Background: the endocrine system releases hormones that help control body functions including the body’s ability to change calories into energy that powers cells and organs. The endocrine system influences heart beats, bones and tissues growth. It plays an important role in controlling blood glucose. Moreover, it is associated with many disorders including thyroid disorders, growth disorders, and sexual dysfunction. All endocrine glands release hormones into bloodstream. Objective: The objective of this study was to define the types of diseases seen at the only endocrine clinic in King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH). Methods: we retrospectively analyzed the diagnosis data of all patients attending the endocrinology clinic of the University Hospital in AL Riyadh city over a 7 weeks’ period. Results: The majority of cases had thyroid related diseases (48.6%) while 12.8% had gonadal and growth diseases, 9.2% had Lipid, 7.3% had pituitary diseases, 5.5% were for wrong referrals, 5.5% and 4.9% had adrenal & vitamin D deficiency related diseases respectively. The lowest percentages were 3.7% for parathyroid and 2.8% for metabolic bone diseases. Conclusion: Thyroid related disorders were found to be the most common endocrine disorders presented to KKUH. Almost half of the patients had thyroid related disorders, accordingly we highly recommend that extensive efforts should be in place to recruit experienced residents as well as continuously and efficiently train existing ones on Thyroid related diseases.https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11489_40c999636edcc2ef3fbecf107460369b.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Family Planning in Saudi Arabia, 20173453481149010.12816/0043102ENJumanah Ahmed AlsaediUmm Al-Qura universitySoliman Mohammed AlakelKing Abdulaziz UniversityAbdulaziz Zaher AlalmaeiImam Mohammd Ibn Saud Islamic
UniversityMoodhi Rabih Al-MutairiQassim universitySultan Hamad AlmutairKSAUHSJournal Article20180823Background: Understanding the knowledge and conceptions of Saudi population regarding family planning methods is important for increasing the public awareness and maintaining the health of the women. Objectives: Evaluating the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding the family planning methods in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: A cross-sectional community questionnaire based study was conducted among 560 adult married subjects in Saudi Arabia, from March to July 2017. Results: The most of included subjects had college degree, less than 3 children and were employee. The majority of subjects had good knowledge regarding the meaning, types and uses of contraceptives which resulted in high attitude and good practice pattern as 65.4% of subjects had good KAP toward family planning. Conclusion: The use of contraceptive types was quietly high among the Saudi subjects and this could be due to that most of the subjects had high educational degree. Keywords: https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11490_99980225d0ffcabe9e8138e0bb73f376.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Endodontic Flare-Ups: A Study of Incidence and Related Factors3493531149110.12816/0043103ENAyshah Abdullah AlshehriAlfarabi Collage for Dentistry and Nursing(Jeddah)Reem Abdullmuhsen AlshraimAlfarabi Collage for Dentistry and Nursing(Jeddah)Azza Anas Abo DawoodAlfarabi Collage for Dentistry and Nursing(Jeddah)Areej Saleh AlhawsawiAlfarabi Collage for Dentistry and Nursing(Jeddah)Maram Baker IbrahimAlfarabi Collage for Dentistry and Nursing(Jeddah)Abeer Hamed AlmutairiAlfarabi Collage for Dentistry and Nursing(Jeddah)Fares Awd AlzaidyMansoura University(Egypt)Amal Abdulkarim AldouweghriIbn Sinaa National
CollegeAmal Ahmed Ali NurAlrazi UniversityAmany Osama KassemFuture university(Egypt)Journal Article20180823Background: To assess the frequency of flare-ups and recognize the risk factors comprising age, initial diagnosis, number of root canals, tooth type, gender, the type of irrigation regimen, the number of visits and treatment modality, in patients who expected root canal treatment from May 2015 to May 2017.Materials and Methods: Records of 454 teeth belonging to 302 patients treated by endodontics expert throughout 2-year period were kept. Tooth, patient, and treatment characteristics were assessed and the relations between these characteristics and flare-ups were studied. Statistical analysis was carried out by using Chi-square test, regression analyses, and exact test. Results:The incidence of flare-ups was 16 (3.5 %) out of 454 teeth that had endodontic treatment. Pulpal necrosis without periapical pathosis was the most mutual symptom for flare-up (5.9 %) (P < 0.01). Teeth undergoing multiple visits had a higher risk of developing flare-ups compared to those with single appointments (OR: 3.27, CI: 1.21–6.91, p < 0.01). There were similarly no statistically significant differences in the frequency of flare-ups as regards to age, tooth type, gender, treatment modality, number of root canals, and the irrigation solutions that utilized amid the treatment. Conclusions:The frequency of flare-up is insignificant when teeth are treated in one visit. Absence of a periapical lesion in necrotic teeth is a significant factor for flare-ups. https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11491_aa0c0840de60801b9aba03a2884e4d03.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Targets for Non-invasive Skin Tightening3543561149210.12816/0043104ENLama N. AlotaibiAl-Maarefa Colleges for health sciences,Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180823Noninvasive skin tightening is a technology done to lift the skin without even minimal penetration to skin layers. Therefore, cosmetic surgeons can effectively tighten moderately lax or creepy skin on the face, neck, and body, helping patients improve their appearance without surgical intervention. It works on stimulating collagen reproduction by inducing heat to the deep layers of the skin. There are two types of skin tightening technology; MFU (Microfocused ultrasound) and Non-Ablative Radiofrequency.
This article focus on <strong>MFU</strong>, its efficacy, safety, complication and patients who are suitable for MFU.https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11492_9fa8b1a7a7d3d061ddd8e6424feac2ca.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200270220180101Perceptions about Sickle Cell Disease among Adults in Albaha Region: A Cross-sectional Study3573631149310.12816/0043105ENAbdulrahman A.M. AlghamdiFaculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi ArabiaAli M.A. AlamriFaculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi ArabiaAbdulrahman H.A. AlghamdiFaculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi ArabiaSaeed Y.S. AlghamdiFaculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi ArabiaFares A.M. AlzahraniFaculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi ArabiaSaeed A.S. AlzahraniFaculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi ArabiaAyedh Mobarak AlbishiFaculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20180823<strong>Background: </strong>Sickle-cell disease (SCD) is a group of genetic disorders characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells (RBCs), which are destroyed at increased rates, leading to anemia. Recently, Saudi Arabia has been reported to have an increased prevalence of SCD.
<strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present study was to assess perceptions about SCD among the general population in Albaha region, Saudi Arabia, and the possible relationship between their levels of knowledge and socio-demographic characteristics. <strong>Methods: </strong>The study was carried out on 218 Saudi subjects who completed the self-administered questionnaires during the study period. <strong>Results: </strong>This study demonstrated that more than two-thirds of the respondents (68.80%) had good knowledge about basics of sickle cell disease. Those with poor knowledge (31.20%) were mainly younger males and works as businessmen and housewives, and all of them had no previous experience with SCD child. Despite the recorded favorable level of knowledge, certain gaps in knowledge were identified; most of them falsely believed that some foods like fava beans, lentils, falafel made with fava beans, vigna and /or nuts could precipitate sickle-cell crisis.Moreover, in depth information of our study population about pattern of inheritance of SCD and its complications were not sufficient.
<strong>Conclusion: </strong>In our study, a good level of awareness regarding SCD was found. Some of the respondents were confused about the nature of inheritance, complications and dietary factors related to the disease. So, community health education meetings and/or media programs to increase the public awareness are recommended.https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11493_a173618c82eff0b56480e0f548ef2432.pdf