ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Renal and Ocular Complications and It's Relationship to Glycemic Control, CD95 and Soluble Fas (s Fas) in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is an autoimmune disease that results from the destruction of insulin-secreting pancreatic islet beta cells by autoreactive cells and their mediators.
The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of Fas receptors (CD95) on T and B lymphocytes from patients with type 1 DM and to assess the role of soluble Fas (s-Fas) in Fas mediated apoptosis of T and B lymphocytes, and to assess the role of glycemic control in renal and ocular complications.
This study was carried out on three groups:
Group I: consist of 16 patients with type 1 DM. Their age ranged from (11-18) years old with mean duration of illness 6 + 4 months. Group II: consist of 16 patients with long standing type 1 DM, their age ranged from 10 – 19 years old, with mean duration of illness 30 + 10 months.
Group III: consist of 16 healthy persons their age ranged from 10.5 – 19.5 years old. Results can be summarized as follows:
The incidence of positive microalbuminuria as well as incidence of retinopathy were significantly higher in group II (long standing DM) than newly diagnosed case (group I). Microalbuminuric patients had significantly higher HbA1C than others.
Newly diagnosed cases (group I) as well as (group II) long standing DM type 1 had significantly higher percentage of T and B lymphocyte bearing Fas receptors (CD95) as compared to control group. Mean plasma level of s-Fas showed a significant increase in both DM groups as compared to control group.
There is no significant difference in the percentage of lymphocytes expressing CD95, and plasma s-Fas levels when compared microalbuminuric to normoalbuminuric patients. There was positive correlation between HbA1C and microalbuminuria in diabetic patients, there was positive correlation between HBA1C and % of lymphocyte expressing the Fas receptors (CD95). In both diabetic groups, positive correlation was found between HbA1C and s-Fas in DM type 1. Also, positive correlation was found between % of cells expressing CD95 and s-Fas.
In conclusion, the study of the possible role of apoptosis of autoreactive lymphocytes and its regulation, in the pathogenesis of type 1 DM may provide new therapeutic tools for the prevention of the disease. Further analysis, is necessary to finally settle this point, to elucidate the roles played by distinct immunological pathway in diabetes pathogenesis, this can lead to more effective and targeted therapies for the disease. Poor glycemic control is an essential initiating factor of defective apoptosis in type 1DM.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17926_dcf216b78ddc57c2665f9b45de7f05a3.pdf
2006-04-01
189
199
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17926
Hamdia Ezzat
Ahmed
1
Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Hashish
2
Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Zeinab
Osheiba
3
Pediatric Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Samia
Taher
4
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Karima
youssef
5
Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hypolipidimic effect of some medicinal plants on diabetic rats
Our aim was to evaluate the hypolipidimic effect of aqueous extract of a famous mixture used in Saudi Arabia folk medicine that consists of Nigella sativa, Commiphora myrrha, Boswellia carterii Birdw, Ferule assa-foetida and Aloe vera and also the extract of each plant alone on alloxan induced diabetic rats.
Material and Methods :-The present study was carried out on 80 adult male albino rats (120 ± 20 g.b.wt. ), the rats were divided randomly into 8 groups, the first group served as control group, the second group as alloxan induced diabetic rats, the third group was diabetic rats treated with mixture of folk medicinal plant ( 0.01g /100 g b. wt. ) ,the fourth group: diabetic rats treated with Nigella sativa ( 0.01g /100 g b. wt. ), the fifth group: diabetic rats treated with Aloe vera ( 0.005g /100 g b. wt. ), the sixth group: diabetic rats treated with Ferule assa-foetida ( 0.01 g /100 g b. wt.), the seventh: diabetic rats treated with Boswellia carterii Birdw ( 1ml/100 g b. wt.) and the eighth group: diabetic rats treated with Commiphora myrrha ( 0.01 g ml/100 g b. wt.)
Results :- Serum total lipid, serum total cholesterol, LDL–cholesterol, and triglyceride recorded significant increases in diabetic, Nigella sativa, Commiphora myrrha, Boswellia carterii birdw and Aloe vera treated group. While the mixture and Ferule assa-foetida treated group, showed insignificant changes in serum total lipid, triglyceride, serum total cholesterol and LDL–cholesterol. On other hand, the mixture treated group and Ferule assa-foetida treated group showed significant decreased in the previous parameters. The serum HDL–cholesterol was significantly reduced in diabetic group throughout the experimental periods, otherwise, all treated group revealed insignificant changes till the end of experiment when compare with undiabetic rats.
Conclusion: The aqueous extract of a mixture consists of Nigella sativa, Commiphora myrrha, Boswellia carterii Birdw, Ferule assa-foetida and Aloe vera are useful for improvement of the lipid profile of alloxan induced diabetic rats fram each plant alone.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17927_732cbbe0bfcf71feeae988aae8b8c5a7.pdf
2006-04-01
200
211
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17927
Eman G.E.
Helal
1
Department of zoology, Faculty of Science, AL-Azhar University (Girls)
AUTHOR
Mohamed M. A.
Shahat
2
Department of zoology, Faculty of Science, AL-Azhar University (Assiut)
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect Of Photoperiod On The Development And Fecundity Of Carpoglyphus lactis L. ( Acari: Carpoglyphidae )
The effect of four different photoperiods ( darkness, 0 ; 8 ; 16 and continuous light, 24 hours per day ) on the developmental stages and fecundity of Carpoglyphus lactis L. fed on wheat was studied under laboratory conditions of 25±2oC and 65±5% RH. Results and conclusion:
The obtained results revealed no clear effect of photoperiod on the incubation period. It was 2.9 and 3.4 for male ; 2.7 and 3.2 for female at darkness and continuous light respectively. The duration of each immature instar as well as the combined immature stages increased with increasing hours of light in both male and female. Different patterns were observed for longevity data for male and female. Male longevity was the longest ( 9.3 days ) at continuous light (24 h. ) whereas the greatest female longevity ( 15.4 days ) was at complete darkness. The oviposition period as well as total average and mean daily deposited eggs decreased as the photoperiod increased.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17928_e4aa134426ab02df14d910fe1abe765c.pdf
2006-04-01
212
218
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17928
Photoperiod
Development
fecundity
Carpoglyphus lactis L
Carpoglyphidae
Acari
Wafaa L. F.
Ibrahim
1
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (for girls), Al-Azhar University.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect Of Some Fungi Species On The Biology Of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schr.)
The effect of different fungi species, (Aspergillus Carcincus, Verticillium sp., Helminthosporium turicum, Diplodia sp. and Alternaria tenuis) on the biology of Tyrophagus putrescentiae was measured under the laboratory conditions 27±2°cwith 65±5%RH. Results and conclusion:
All different stages affected by the used fungi. The shortest period of immature stages occurred under feeding on fungi Aspergillus carcinicus by females and males. Feeding on Alternaria tenuis by females and males prolonged the period of immature stages.It also prolonged the female and male life span (36.3days and 31.7 days respectively) in comparison with the other used fungi.The number of deposited eggs by the adult female also affected by feeding on different fungi species. Concerning the adult longevity, it was significantly differed when mites fed on the different tested fungi .Generally female longevity was longer than male when feeding on any of the used fungi. The maximum longevity of Tyrophagus putrescentiae was observed when rearing on Alternaria tenuis.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17930_c1a56ae11a24a870e6a9feb00525d623.pdf
2006-04-01
219
225
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17930
Tyrophagus putrescentiae
fungi
Development
fecundity
Basma, M.
Abou El-Nour
1
Faculty of science Al-Azhar University (For Girls)
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Some Biochemical and Hematological parameters on some cases of dependence among Yemenies.
Subjects and methods, Forty five men aging 18-45 years old were divided into three groups. Control group individuals were not suffering from dependencies. Group I and Group II, were suffering from alcohol and heroin dependenc respectively. Biochemical and hematological studies were performed before starting this trials. Results, there was high significant increase in the value of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin and uric acid in all patients in comprison to the control group. It was found that cholesterol increased in group I and decreased in group II while blood urea decreased in group I and increased in group II. Calcium and potssium decreased in both groups I and II. The increase of fasting blood sugar and creatinine in group II was highly significant while it was non significant in group I. There was high significant increase in eosinophils percentage and prothrombin time and decrease in total leucocytic count: percentage of lymphocytes, hematocrite value and hemoglobin in all patients in comparison to the controls.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17932_8ee5bc608cbfcbf491edc533f8a614e2.pdf
2006-04-01
226
230
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17932
Nabil, H.s.
ElHamady
1
Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology; Internal Medicine department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University
AUTHOR
Thabit
Nasher
2
Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology; Internal Medicine department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University
AUTHOR
Rafi
eddin
3
departmens, Faculty of Medicine and Organic Chemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University
AUTHOR
A.
AlMadi
4
departmens, Faculty of Medicine and Organic Chemistry department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Protective Role Of Proanthocyanidin Against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Toxicity In Irradiated Rats
The hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) as well as gamma-irradiation has taken most attention. Prevention is one of the essential ways of controlling this toxicity and the use of natural plant compounds as grape seed extract can be considered as one of the most significant elements in this prevention. The present study is also designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of grape seed extract (100mg/kg B.wt daily) against the toxic effect of CCl4 ( 0.3 ml/kg B.wt twice weekly for 8 weeks) and/ or fractionated doses of 2 Gy γ-radiation day after day up to 10 Gy in male rats.
Results obtained could be summarized as follows: Combined treatments of CCl4 and γ- radiation induced a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and decreased level of reduced glutathione (GSH). It also increased serum enzymes aspartate transferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT), aِِlkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma - glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) activities and decreased Hb%, RBCs, WBCs and platelets count. Proanthocyanidin administration improved the significant increase in MDA level and ameliorated serum enzymes as well as improved the decreased level of GSH content of irradiated rats or those treated with CCl4. It also could normalize the blood constituents Hb%, RBCs, WBCs and platelets count. The data of the present study declared that proanthocyanidin is bioavailable, potent free radical scavenger and exhibits antioxidant properties against CCl4 and gamma-irradiation induced hepatic injury.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17933_0e95e38224dee8972c055f4f1b966e11.pdf
2006-04-01
231
244
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17933
Mona A.
El-Gawish
1
National Center for Radiation Research and Technology-Atomic Energy Authority
AUTHOR
Amira T.
Ebrahim
2
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Fatma A.
Eid
3
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Mitochondrial Mutation In Egyptian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Mitochondrial gene mutation plays a role in the development of diabetes mellitus. An A to G substitution at base pair 3243 in the mitochondrial tRNAleu(UUR) gene (mt3243) is commonly associated with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness and other diseases. The aim of this study is to detect A to G substitution at base pair 3243 in mitochondrial RNAleu(UUR) in the plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to evaluate insulin sensitivity in all cases.
This study, included 41 patients (Group I, 31 cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus and maternal history of diabetes mellitus-and Group II, 10 cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus, bilateral SNHL, maternal history of diabetes mellitus with or without SNHL. Other10 healthy control group was included.
Patients and controls were subjected to full medical history and clinical examination. Serum measurements for liver and kidney function tests, fasting and postprandial blood glucose as well as C-peptide levels, in addition to lipid profile were collected. Audiological evaluation for all patients with SNHL was also done. Genetic investigation, for mDNA analysis, done by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), to determine the mutation in the mitochondrial gene at position 3243.
Results of the study showed that glycemic indices (FPG, 2hPPG and HbA1c), liver enzymes and blood urea were significantly higher among patient group compared to control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference for values of creatinine and uric acid between cases and controls. Lipid profile was significantly higher among patient group compared to controls (P<0.05), except for HDL-C which was higher in controls however, it did not reach statistical significance. C-peptide values were not significantly different between studied groups. Age at onset of diabetes was relatively earlier in group II than group I. mDNA was present in all plasma samples of patients and controls. mDNA 3243 mutation was detected in the plasma of three patients with diabetes and SNHL with a rate of 7.3% of all diabetic patients and 30% of diabetic patients associated with deafness. The presence of mDNA mutation allowed 294 bp product to be cleaved into 180 and 114 bp fragments and were seen as two bands.
In CoclusioN: The A 3243 G mutation is present in Egyptian population and is considered as a cause of maternally inherited diabetes and deafness at a rate of 7.3% of all diabetic subjects and a rate of 30% of diabetics associated with deafness. mDNA mutation is present and detectable in plasma.
Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness differs pathophysiologically from the more common forms of type 2 diabetes in that, insulin resistance does not seem to be a major factor.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17936_b09d520c925b2bb7e3a141dde41368de.pdf
2006-04-01
245
256
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17936
Fawzi O,
A
1
Departments of Endocrinology Faculty of medicine for girls,
AUTHOR
Hassan Z,
A
2
Departments of Endocrinology Faculty of medicine for girls,
AUTHOR
Abdel Kawy S,
I
3
Clinical pathology Faculty of medicine for girls,
AUTHOR
Al-Diwany O,
I
4
Clinical pathology Faculty of medicine for girls,
AUTHOR
Adel A,
M
5
Clinical pathology Faculty of medicine for girls,
AUTHOR
Hassan A,
A
6
Otolaryngyology department Faculty of medicine (boys) –Al Azhar university.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation Of The Anti tumor Effect Of Camellia Sinesis (CS) Extract. Biochemical And Histological Studies
The inhibitory action of Camellia sinensis (CS) extract against cancer formation has been demonstrated in different animal models involving different organ sites in many laboratories. The possible preventive activity of CS extract against cancer and its effect on liquid tumor (ascite form) or solid form is not clear. Materials and methods:To evaluateCS extract effect on female mice inoculated with Eherlich carcinoma either intraperitoneally (ascite form) or subcutaneously back in the neck region (solid form). Camellia sinensist (CS) extract administrated daily for 2 weeks before tumor inoculation and then till the end of the experiment. Female mice bearing Eherlich ascite carcinoma (ascite form) sacrificed on 6th and 12th day after tumor inoculation and the other inoculated with the solid form sacrificed after 2 and 4 weeks of the tumor inoculation. Histopathological examination of Eherlich tumor, liver and kidney tissues was carried out and many of biochemical parameters ( total protein, albumin, glucose, GPT, GOT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, creatinine and urea) were analyzed.
Results:The results reveled that tumor inoculation and the progressive formation of the Eherlich tumor leads to alterations in the structure of liver and kidney tissues as response to the tumor spread. Biochemical analysis represents decrease in total protein and albumin and increase in the other investigated parameters. CS extract administrations showed destructive effect on tumor tissue and significantly decreased the sever damage in tissue structures due to tumor spread. Amelioration in the different biochemical analysis was also recorded.
Conclusion: CS extract have a curing effect on tumor ( solid or ascite forms) ,progression and spread and have an ameliorating effect on different serum activity levels.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17938_d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.pdf
2006-04-01
257
267
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17938
Hanafy
N.
1
Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect Of Colchicine On The Histology Of Spleen And Testis Of Albino Rats
The aim of this work is to study the effect of colchicine administration on the histology of spleen and testis of albino rat.
Colchicine was given in a daily dose of 3mg/kg body weight for five days. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 4 and 7 days following treatment. Histopathological studies of the spleen and testis were undertaken.
Histological examination of spleen showed that colchicine caused histopathological changes in spleen manifested by massive haemorrhage, highly expanded red pulps accompanied by reduced white pulps with multi small degenerated areas, disturbed architecture, degenerated areas wer occupied by the hemorrhagic areas, prominent haemosiderin deposition, increased number of megakaryocytes in red pulp and subcapsular edema. These histopathological changes depend on the duration of colchicine intake.
Histological examination of the testis one, four and seven days post treatment with colchicine showed dilatation and congestion of interstitial blood vessels, moderate degeneration of spermatogoneal cells, debris of spermatozoa could be detected in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules. The testis also suffered from interstitial edema with signs of fatty degeneration and degeneration of spermatogoneal cells lining some seminferous tubules. Complete destruction with hypocellularity in the spermatogenic layers in some seminiferous tubules and others contained only the debris of germ cells and disturbed nuclei of spermatogoneal cells with appearance of giant cells with highly reduced number of Leydig cells which contained pyknotic nuclei were also noticed in some examined sections.
These results indicate that colchicine is considered as a toxic drug to the spleen and testis at double therapeutic doses as indicated by the histological changes.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17939_e62f3b0e0c1ab4952b82dd693d85ca32.pdf
2006-04-01
268
276
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17939
Nabila A. R.
Abdel Motaal
1
Radiation Biology Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Histological Study Of Liver And Intestine Of Rats Treated With Colchicine
The aim of the present work is to detect the effect of colchicine administration on the histology of the liver and intestine in albino rats.
Most drugs have side effects which represent a great problem for human. Some of these side effects may be serious. An example of these drugs is colchicine. Its only approved use is to treat gout, though it is also occasionally used in veterinary medicine to treat cancers in some animals. It is also used as an antimitotic agent in cancer research involving cell cultures. Colchicine was given i.p with a dose of 3mg/kg body weight daily for a period of 5 days. Histological examinations were carried out at one, four and seven days post treatment.
Histological examination of liver one, four and seven days post treatment with colchicine showed sporadic necrosis, loss of hepatic architecture, pyknosis and vacuolations of some hepatocytes, corrugated hepatic portal vein surrounded by large fibrotic area, edema of portal tract with new bile ductules formation, dilatation and congestion of hepatic sinusoids, multihaemorrhagic areas, hypertrophied hepatocytes with deeply stained shrunken nuclei and mononuclear cells infiltration replacing focal areas of hepatic necrosis.
Histological examination of intestine showed no changes one day post treatment with colchicine. At four and seven days post treatment, the intestine revealed hyperplasia and hyperactivation of mucous secreting cells and intestinal glands and mononuclear cells infiltration and edema in lamina propria with multihemorrhagic areas. In conclusion, the present study has shown that colchicine has a toxic effect and some histopathological changes have been detected, so care should be taken when colchicine is prescribed in gout treatment.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17940_12f5936ea137af17481a9c537f5af0b9.pdf
2006-04-01
277
286
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17940
Azza
Abd El Maguid.
1
Health Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Molecular Characterization Of Hair Cuticle And Its Extracted Proteins In Seven Mammalian Species
Hairisanoftheepidermisinmammalsandconsistsoftwolargegroupsofhumanhair proteins.Oneishardα-keratinsandtheotherismatrixproteins.Thepresentinvestigationaimed tocomparetheultrastructuralofthehairscaleusingthescanningelectronmicroscope,andthe proteinsandaminoacidscontentofthekeratininsevenmammalianspecies.
Thevaluesofthehairthickness,x/yferetandhairpatternofthespeciesinthepresent studyconfirmthepresenceofspecies-specificcharacteristicsandultrastructuralvariation.The situationinmandiffersfromthewildmammalsduetodamageofhaircuticlecausedby mechanicalabuse,exposuretoultravioletradiationandchemicaloverprocessing.The maximumamountofextractedproteinsfromhairkeratinwasanalyzedbySDS-PAGE.The electrophoreticpatternsshowedanoveralldegreeofsimilarity.However,differencesexist betweenspeciesintheintensityofstain.Quantitatively,theelectrophoreticpatternsscannedand analyzedusinggelproteinanalyzer.Theresultsshowednodifferencebetweenthemolecular massofsomespecies,butdifferentinmolecularmassdistribution.
Aminoacidcompositionofkeratinofmammalianhairspeciesofthepresentstudy showedsomevariation,especiallyformethionine,isoleucine,lysineandarginine.Theother aminoacidsstudiedaresignificantlypresentinmosthair.Oneofthelateraminoacidis
cysteine.Cysteineisaveryimportantdueto hepresenceofdisulfatecross-links.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17941_e9de0e29ac13e0c1e7ff9215ea166656.pdf
2006-04-01
287
308
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17941
S. K.
Areida
1
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M. F.
Ismail
2
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
E. K.
Abdel Hady
3
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
A. O.
Osman
4
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Construction, transfection and production of recombinant vigilin in mammalian expression system
Vigilin is an abundant, highly conserved, ubiquitous protein containing 15 related, but non-identical, K-homolous nucleic acid binding domains. The construction, transfection and production of recombinant vigilin in mammalian expression system were investigated. The whole length of vigilin was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ligated to pCEP- PU vector. The recombinant construct pCEP-PU with vigilin was produced and transfected into Human embryonic kidney cells in a specific culture medium. The secreted recombinant vigilin was purified from the serum-free medium to homogeneity by affinity chromatography. The conditioned and purified media were tested for the presence of vigilin by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblotting with specific antibody. An immunoreactive band with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 140 kDa was detected. Immunofluorescence staining of transfected cells with vigilin demonstrated that recombinant vigilin molecules are localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. In summary, the purified recombinant vigilin will facilitate future studies that address the structure and function
of vigilin.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17942_2b545fad2163012c823c09b54ddc3edd.pdf
2006-04-01
309
318
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17942
SDS-PAGE/vigilin/Immunoblott/Immunofluorescence/affinitychromatography
Sayed Kamel
Areida
1
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Potency of Allium sativum and Allium cepa Oils against Schistosoma mansoni Infection in Mice
Introduction: It has been reported that garlic (Allium sativum) and onion (Allium cepa) are used all over the world in different diseases, such as infections, injuries, gastrointestinal dysfunctions and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, our aim in this work was to study the ability of garlic and onion oils to offset the infectivity as well as the metabolic disturbances induced by Schistosoma mansoni parasitism.
Methods: The two current drugs were given in a dosage of 5ml / kg body weight/ day. Three aspects of drug action were investigated, the effect on S. mansoni infection, the effect on liver functions, and on liver metabolism. The parasitological investigation included worm burden and ova count.
Results: Serum biochemical analysis of infected mice revealed a significant increase in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , γ – glutamyltransferase (GGT) , alkaline phosphatase ( ALP), acid phosphatase (AP), while a decrease in glucose, total lipids total cholesterol, high - and low- density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL and LDL), triglycerides, total proteins and albumin was observed. Liver tissue analysis of infected animals showed a marked increase in L- hydroxyproline (HP) concentration and xanthine oxidase (XO) activity accompanied with a reduction in total adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) and phosphofructokinase (PFK) enzymatic activities. Treatment with either garlic or onion oils greatly normalized liver function enzymes and variably improved the other parameters with a noticeable reduction in worm burden and ova count.
Conclusions: It could be concluded that garlic or onion may play a role against the metabolic disturbances caused by S. mansoni infection, owing to an effect which may be induced by improving the immunological host system and their antioxidant activities.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17943_f95b7f55a32fe38dbf212b2cd5a3d7b3.pdf
2006-04-01
319
332
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17943
A. sativum – A. cepa – S. mansoni – Worm burden – Ova count – Serum analysis – liver analysis
Nadia S.
Metwally
1
Medicinal Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Physiological and Histological Studies on Glucan as Modulator of Hazardous Effects in Rats Treated with Cyclophosphamide and Exposed to γ –Radiation
Aim of the work: -glucan which is known as biological response modifiers and immunostimulator was investigated in this study to minimize the toxicity of chemo-and radiotherapy induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP) and radiation exposure in rats. Materials and methods: -glucan was orally administered in a dose of 10 mg/kg b.wt. daily against the hazardous impacts of -irradiation (1 Gy daily up to 10 Gy) and/or CYP (50 mg/kg b.wt. every other day for 2 weeks). Determination of some biochemical analysis was carried out including calcium, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase. Hematological analysis was performed on leucocytes and platelets counts. Additionally, histological study was also done on both lung and testis tissues. The experimental rats being sacrificed 1, 7 and 21 days post-treatment. Results: Treatment with CYP induced significant decrease in WBCs, platelets counts and alkaline phosphatase activity and significant increase of creatine kinase and LDH activities accompanied by a significant increase in Ca level only at the end of experimental period. Similar results were recorded with irradiated group accompanied with a non significant change in Ca level allover the experimental periods. Combined treatment with both -radiation and CYP intensified the effect of each other on most of the investigated parameters.
Microscopic examination of the lung revealed that both γ-irradiation and CYP showed disturbed structure of bronchioles, thickened alveolar walls together with scattered haemorrhagic areas. Signs of pneumonia and compensatory emphysema were also seen. Meanwhile, in testis, irregular seminiferous tubules with reduction in their sizes were observed. Besides, the intertubular spaces were fibrotic and devoid of Leyding cells. Bizarre-shaped spermatogenic cells were also prominent. In combined treatment, these lesions became much more progressed. However, glucan administration prior to treatment with CYP or γ-radiation led to an improvement in most of biochemical, hematological and histological parameters under investigation. Conclusion: -glucan has a good protective role against the toxic effects associated with chemo-and radiotherapy.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17945_db59f4e80a5d58740894d6dbbc32a73f.pdf
2006-04-01
333
352
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17945
Manar N.
Hafez
1
National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Mona A.
El-Gawish
2
National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Fatma A.
Mohamed
3
National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Fatma M.
Hussien
4
Sanaa University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Biochemical Toxicity Induced By Tramadol Administration In Male Rats
Introduction: Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic used for treatment of moderate to severe pain. There has been some controversy regarding the dependence lability of long- term use of this medication. The present work was conducted to assess the biochemical toxicity profiles of tramadol during therapeutic use. Liver and kidney functions, sex hormones activity and some metabolic parameters were studied in male rats.
Methods: Rats were divided into three groups. Group one received vehicle (saline), group two and three received oral doses of tramadol equal to 40 mg and 80 mg / kg body weight / day respectively for a month followed by 10 days recovery period. Biochemical measurements were carried out every 10 days.
Results: There was significant increase in the levels of serum aminotransferases (ALT,AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), urea nitrogen (BUN),creatinine and lipid peroxide ( MDA) in both tramadol groups. In contrast, serum glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly reduced. Tramadol significantly reduced serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone and cortisol, but elevated prolactin (PRL) and estradiol (E2) in male rats specially at 20 and 30 days of treatment. After 10 days recovery, 80 mg tramadol group remained significantly different compared to control one.
Conclusion:The present finding pointed out the risk of increased lipid peroxidatin, hepatic and renal damage and sexual dysfunction. Tramadol toxic effects should be kept in mind during long term therapy specially in large doses.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17946_05c9fd4475d9499562cb3e69b9cb76ac.pdf
2006-04-01
353
362
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17946
Inass I.
El-Gaafarawi
1
The National Center for Social and Criminological Research, Zamalek P.O., P.C.11561, Cairo, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antioxidants Enhancement to the Immune Response of NIH Mice to Vero Cell Grown Rabies Virus Vaccine
Introduction: Rabies cell culture vaccine (Vero-Rab) showed to be more immunogenic and a higher and faster release of antibody titer could be detected than in case of using Fermi type vaccine, DEV and CECV. Result: The immune response of NIH mice immunized intramuscularly using both vE - Se adjuvated and non adjuvated Vero cell rabies virus vaccine (Vero-Rab) showed an elevation of antibody level of vaccinated mice groups more than the limits decided by WHO for a potent rabies virus vaccine. Also, two different immunization regimens were achieved, 5 single doses and 3 double doses of vE-selenium adjuvated and non adjuvated Vero cell rabies virus vaccine. The antibodies developed against rabies virus vaccine could be detected 14 days post immunization using ELISA and IFA. The antibody level developed in sera of mice immunized, with either adjuvated and non adjuvanted Vero-Rab., using different immunization regimens, could protect mice against the challenge with 100 MICLD50 of the challenge virus standard (CVS) after the end of the experiment, (6 months of the prim-vaccination).Conclusion: vE-Se as immune potentiator can enhance the immune response and single dose immunization regimen without vE-Se as immune stimulant was preferred than double dose regimen.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17947_f4778b7ab550c939dbcbfc17a6a05fc3.pdf
2006-04-01
363
370
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17947
rabies vaccine
Immunization
Vitamin E – Selenium
ELISA
Immunofluorscent
Aly Fahmy
Mohamed
1
Virology Department, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Agouza, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Beneficial Effect of Combined Administration of Vitamin C and Vitamin E in Amelioration of Chronic Lead Hepatotoxicity
Introduction: Oxidative stress with subsequent lipid peroxidation has been postulated as
one mechanism for lead toxicity. The protective action of vitamins C and E against lead affects lipid hydroperoxide level and liver functions in male rats has been studied.
Results: Administration of lead acetate (2%) in dirinking water for 3 months elevates plasma lipid hydroperoxide level, activities of aspartate aminotronsferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. On the other hand, reduced plasma glutathione (GSH), protein and high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations lowered significantly in lead (Pb) treated group. However, oral administration of vitamin C (Vit C) or vitamin E (Vit E) at dose level of 100 mg/kg body weight reduced the alterations in the previous parameters. On the other hand, co-administration of both vitamins (Vit C+ Vit E) to lead-treated rats led to the most significant decline in lipid hydroperoxide level, restoration of GSH level and exhibited more protection as compared with Vit C or Vit E separately.
Conclusion: There is synergistic antioxidative effect between Vit C and Vit E that protects the liver from lead induced lipid peroxidation, suggesting that the antioxidant treatment may best be done using a balanced cocktail. .
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17948_5c1e19e08209fc9aaacdc60c7ba2c3e9.pdf
2006-04-01
371
384
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17948
Samir A.E.
Bashandy
1
Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud univrsity Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Protection the flavonoids, rutin and proto chatechuic acid, against mitotic crossing over, gene conversion and reverse mutation induced by (chlorpyritos) in Saccharomyces cerevisia D7.
Introduction:Protection by the flavonoids , rutin and protochatechuic acid , against insecticide chlorpyrifos induced mitotic crossing over , gene conversion and reverse mutation were investigated in Saccharomyces cerevisia D7 .
Results: The results indicate that Rutin and Protochatechuic acid have some antimutagenic potential against mutagenicity of chloropyrifos. There for, the flavonoids contained in Senna seem to be important as antimutagenic and antioxidants.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17949_27c78e8aca5643acc064520ff9629bbb.pdf
2006-04-01
385
391
10.21608/ejhm.2006.17949
Ekram,S.
Ahmed
1
Department of Cell Biology, National Research Center Cairo – Egypt.
AUTHOR