ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Role of melatonin in modulation of oxidative stress induced by delta- aminolevulinic acid in adult male albino rats.
Backgrounds: Delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a heme precursor that accumulates in acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) due to enzymatic deficiencies in the heme biosynthetic pathway, its accumulation has been associated with several symptoms because it works as an endogenous source of reactive oxygen species, which can exert oxidative damage to cell structures. The present work was designed to examine the ability of melatonin, a well known antioxidant and a free radical scavenger secreted from the pineal gland, to revert ALA-promoted damage in brain, liver and kidney of rats.
Results: The present data demonstrated that chronically ALA-treated rats (40 mg / kg body wt day after day for 14 days) exhibited very highly significant increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) whereas the level of glutathione (GSH) was significantly diminished in the tissue homogenates of all tested organs (brain, kidney & liver). Among antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSH-Rd), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were significantly diminished by ALA treatment. Intraperitoneal injection of melatonin (10 mg / kg body weight, every day for 14 consecutive days) significantly ameliorated all the tested parameters. Melatonin moderately increased SOD, CAT, GSH-Rd and GST activities, thereby counteracting the oxidative stress induced by ALA. Nevertheless, exogenous ALA caused a strong net rise in MDA and PC and a significant decrease in GSH when given together with ALA, melatonin antagonized these effects and largely protected the integrity of tissue structures.
From the present data, the protection of melatonin against ALA oxidative stress is obviously, so it is well recommended to use melatonin in patients suffering from symptoms related to ALA accumulation.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17662_f9de8ced272fea287343718c488079bd.pdf
2007-07-01
233
272
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17662
Delta-aminolevulinic acid
Oxidative Stress
Melatonin
Malondialdehyde
protein carbonyl
glutathione
superoxide dismutase
catalase
glutathione-reductase
glutathione-S-transferase
El-Sawi,
MR
1
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University.
AUTHOR
Badawy,
ME
2
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University
AUTHOR
El-Gharieb,
NM.
3
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prevalence of Anemia in Egypt (Al-Gharbia Governorate)
Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia is the most commen type of anemia related to mal nutrition world wide. It represents a major problem in developing countries, especially in Egypt. Purpose: The present study was designed to assess the prevalence and status of anemia in
Al-Gharbia Governorate in Egypt. Material and Methods: 649 mothers and one of their sibling were chosen from different
districts with different food habits and socio-economic status.Hb were determined in mothers and sibling. Anthropometric measurement includes measurements of height and weight was done. Age was recorded. Education, Job, income; marital status and number of personal/family are recorded when possible.
Results: No severe anemia (Hb < 7g/dl) was found in any studied group (mothers or sibling), only moderate to mild anemia was found ((Hb > 7g/dl). The prevalence of anemia in mother’s is > 47 %, which represent a problem of high degree, while, the prevalence of anemia in sibling is 52.25 & 54.03 % for male and female respectively which represent a problem of high degree. The cause of anemia in mothers may be due to menstrual blood loss, increased duration of menstrual blood flow, while in children may be due to anemic mother, poor, diet, bad food habit.
Conclusion: To reduce prevalence of anemia and improve anemic mothers, sibling status in Egypt we needs to improve iron supplementation program
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17663_8ee1095d7e72ab607c438b83896e8774.pdf
2007-07-01
295
305
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17663
Egypt
Anemia
Women
Ghada Z A
Soliman
amr_soliman2005@yahoo.com
1
Biochemistry National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Magdi N
Azmi
2
NutritionEducation&EcologicalScience National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, Egypt;
AUTHOR
Soha
El-S.
3
Nutrition.Suez Canal University, Suez, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The role of black seed and/ or bees honey in modulating the heart disorder induced by food additives in male rats.
Background: The present study aimed to throw the light on the potential hazards of some food additives whether preservatives such as sodium nitrite or colors as sunset yellow on the heart disorders through their own effect or the interaction between them. The study also, investigated the possible protective role of black seed and/ or bees honey against such risks.
Results: Herein, the mentioned food additives caused significant elevations in serum and cardiac total lipids (TL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and phospholipids (PL) levels as well as serum LDL-c, VLDL-c levels and LDL-c/HDL-c ratio. Meanwhile, significant decrements were shown in serum HDL-c level and HDL-c/TC ratio. Additionally, creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate transferase (AST) enzymes activity were increased significantly in serum and cardiac tissue.
Moreover, oxidative stress markers; lipid peroxidation product (MDA) and protein carbonyl group (PC) were increased significantly in the cardiac tissue. Regarding, antioxidants; glutathione (GSH) content, glutathione -S -transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) enzymes activity were decreased significantly in the cardiac tissue.
Conclusion: However, the use of black seed and/ or bees honey ameliorated the disturbances observed indicating remarkable protection against the toxic effects of these food additives on the heart and offers more safety. Overall, here with the most pronounced effect was achieved by the combined treatment. In addition, the treatment by bees honey was more effective than black seed.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17664_7df9189d8cc3a83401396d1f699bb82e.pdf
2007-07-01
327
341
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17664
food additives
sunset yellow
Sodium Nitrite
Rats
Wafaa M.
El-Kholy
1
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University
AUTHOR
Hanaa A.
Hassan
drhanaahassan@mans.edu.eg
2
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University
AUTHOR
Samar E.
Nour
3
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Serological evidence of antibodies to certain arboviruses in desert rodent sera in Egypt
Introduction : Small rodents inhabiting the wadis close to St Katherine in the mountains of the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, were trapped and antibodies to Sindbis (SIN) , West Nile (WN) and Quaranfil (QRF) viruses in their sera were studied.
Materials and Methods One mouse had Haemagglutination–inhibition (HI) antibodies against SIN antigen in his serum, 3 mice had HI antibodies against WN antigen in their sera. The titers is low to be of any significance.
Conclusion: It seems that natural cycle of transmission of SIN and WN viruses involving rodents does not exist. Seven mice had Complement-fixation (CF) antibodies in their sera against Quaranfil antigen. Conclusion, the CF test results suggest the existence of another mammal vector cycle.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17665_8d3c59b1688961d3cd937a0ada63fda2.pdf
2007-07-01
342
346
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17665
Sindbis
West Nile and Quaranfil viruses (rodent)
HI
CF
Nour El.Din H.
Sherif
1
Nour El.Din H. Sherif Zoology Department , Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of L-Carnitine on Sodium Valproate-Induced Physiological Disturbances in Rats
Background: Chronic treatment with sodium valproate (VPA) can lead to elevation of specific oxidative metabolites that associated with the drug’s toxicity.
Results: Valproate exposure leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). The levels of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), and lipid profile variables (cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides and free fatty acids) were significantly increased (p<0.001) in orally administrated rats with sodium valproate at 400 mg/kg body weight/day. Also the deflection in the activities of catalase (CAT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Na,K-ATPase was registered where CAT, LDH and Na-K, ATPase activities were decreased (p<0.001) in rats under VPA treatment compared to the controls. These changes were more pronounced in valproate 60 days treated group than in valproate 30 days treated group. Oral administration of l-carnitine (L-CAR) at 300 mg/kg b. w. /day showed alleviation in all metabolic and physiologic changes in rats treated with sodium valproate. L-CAR supplementation might be recommended for human especially for epileptic persons subjected for long term to sodium valproate treatment.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17666_0e9009b28e0e6283faad31102659320e.pdf
2007-07-01
347
354
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17666
Sodium valproate
L-carnitine
Epilepsy
Lipid profile
Malondialdehyde
catalase
Lactate dehydrogenase and Na
K- ATPase activities
muscle
Brain
bone and liver
Fahmy G.
Elsaid
1
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Fawzya E.
Zeghiebr
2
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Role Of Melatonin In Aluminium Induced Genotoxicity In Female Albino Rats
Aim of the work, In spite of the wide range of use of aluminium. With the increasing awareness of possible health hazards associated with their use, more attention have been focused on their biological and biochemical activity. Aluminium salts are used as the active antiperspirant in under cosmetics, but the effects of widespread, long term and increasing use remain unknown. Aluminium is known to have genotoxic profile, capable of causing both DNA alterations and epigenetic effects. Melatonin reduces the free radical generation and metal detoxification .This study was planned to determine the effects of melatonin on aluminium induced toxicity in the chromosomes of bone marrow cell .
Material and Methods ,Forty female albino rats were used in the present work for the chromosomal analysis. Four groups of adult female albino rats were used in the following way: Group -I, control group; Group-II,50 mg /kg b.wt aluminium orally; Group-III, 50μg / kg b.wt melatonin orally and Group- IV, 50 mg /kg b.wt aluminium orally (am) +50 μg / kg b.wt melatonin orally(pm). Doses were given 30 days. All animals were sacrificed and the bone marrow of femur bones was taken for subsequent cytogenetic studies.
The results, Aluminium treatment induced a significant increase in the structural as well as numerical chromosomal aberrations . The frequency of chromosomal aberrations showed significant decrease when rats treated with melatonin and aluminium .In conclusion, the results indicated that melatonin showed a significant improvement of genetic damages induced by aluminium.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17667_a523c317ecb3d3d25a552c4fd24f01e4.pdf
2007-07-01
355
362
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17667
Zeinab E
.Hanafy
1
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Electron Microscopic study of Desmosomes and Tonofilaments in Lichen Planus
Introduction: Lichen planus (L.P) is an idiopathic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membrane. Desmosomes are responsible for the adhesion of keratinocytes. Tonofilaments are one of the major cytoskeleton structure in mammalian epidermis. Patients and Methods: Six patients complained from Lichen planus are included in this study for the study of ultrastructure of both desmosomes & tonofilaments . Results: revealed an increase in the size and numbers of both of them which can be explained as a one of the defensive mechanism of the cells against frequent rubbing which is accompanied L.P. which is considered as a resistance mechanism of keratinocytes.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17668_049eb755499016afe3a1570bf00a289e.pdf
2007-07-01
363
370
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17668
Sawsan Khalifa
EL- Sayed
1
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Al- Azhar University for Girl, Cairo
AUTHOR
Hossam El- Dein Hussin
Osman
2
Anatomy Department, Al- Azhar University for Boys, Cairo
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Alteration of Oxidative Status in Rats Following Administration of Acrylamide
Introduction: Acrylamide (ACR) is a known industrial neurotoxic and carcinogenic chemical in rodents. The recent discovery of acrylamide in wide variety of commonly consumed foods has energized research efforts worldwide to define toxic mechanisms.
Objective: The present study is carried out to investigate the effect of acrylamide administration on in vivo malondialdehyde (MDA, a product of lipid peroxidation), reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as copper and zinc superoxide dismutase enzyme activity (Cu/Zn SOD) of rats.
Material and Methods: Fourteen adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into two groups each containing "7" rats. Group 1 served as negative control fed on basal diet and group 2 (positive control) received basal diet and acrylamide (0.34g/ kg diet) for 11 days. Levels of MDA, GSH and activity of SOD were determined in liver, kidneys, brain, heart, testes, spleen and lungs of rats.
Results: ACR treatment significantly increased MDA in all organs; the highest increase was detected in testis (87.9%) and heart (71.5%) while the lowest one was found in kidneys (28.2%). On the other hand, GSH levels and SOD activities were significantly reduced in ACR treated rats. However, the reduction of GSH level ranged from 10.2% to 36.5 %.The inhibition of SOD activities were higher in testis (57.3%) and lungs (38.5%).
Conclusion: The present study showed that ACR exerts deteriorated effects on oxidative status of rats.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17669_6733da26d4cd2d16f1a3409407a0be6e.pdf
2007-07-01
397
403
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17669
Acrylamide –In vivo- Rats- Tissues – Lipid peroxidation – Reduced glutathione- Superoxide dismutase
Hanaa H.
El-Sayed
1
National Nutrition Institute
AUTHOR
Shawkia S.
Abd El- Halim
2
National Nutrition Institute
AUTHOR
Gehan M.
Morsy
3
Women's college- Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Ayman El-Sayed
El- Adawi
4
Home Economics college- Minufiya University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hypoglycemic Effet Of Some Fluoroquinolones On Normal And Diabetic Experimental Animals
Background:Fluoroquinolones are among the anti-microbial that have widespread use for treatment of community- and hospital-acquired infections. Although uncommon, hypoglycemia has been reported with some fluoroquinolones and appears to occur most frequently in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were receiving therapy with oral hypoglycemics. The clinical data emerged suggest that the fluoroquinolones can affect glucose homeostasis through an unknown mechanism. The present work aimed to explore the potential effects of some fluoroquinolones on glucose metabolism and blood glucose level in experimental animals. Two fluoroquinolones (gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin) were used in the present study using different rabbit groups; normal and experimentally diabetic. Dug interaction with anti-diabetic drugs was also investigated. Safety considerations were our goal.
Materials And Method: In the present work, alloxan (100 mg / kg body weight 3 successive doses, intraperitonially) was used to induce diabetes in experimental animals. The blood glucose level after alloxan was measured. Oral anti-diabetics glimepiride, rosiglitazone, and metformin produced significant lowering effect on blood glucose level in normal and diabetic animals. Gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin were similar in producing lowering of blood glucose level in non diabetic and diabetic animals and significantly potentiated the hypoglycemic action of oral anti-diabetics in the alloxan diabetic rabbits.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17670_5934b8695dcbd2475050239e5b5271df.pdf
2007-07-01
404
417
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17670
Oral anti-diabetics Glimepiride
Rosiglitazone
Metformin
Fluoroquinolones (Gatifloxacin and Moxifloxacin) Alloxan and diabetes mellitus
Amr Heshmat
Rostom
1
Department Pharmacology College of Medicine, Al Hasa, King Faisal University.
AUTHOR
Ali Ibrahim
Al-Sultan
2
Department Internal Medicine. College of Medicine, Al Hasa, King Faisal University.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Expression of Her-2/neu in endometrial carcinoma and its relation with clinicopathological variables
Objective and background: Her-2/neu tyrosine kinase has been implicated in the development and progression of several human cancers and is target for therapeutic intervention. Smaller studies suggest that Her-2/neu may be involved in the tumerogenesis of endometrial adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate Her-2/neu expression in endometrial carcinoma (EC) and its correlation with clinicopathological features in order to define the potential prognostic value of Her-2/neu overexpression in EC.
Patients and methods: Nineteen patients with stage I-IV EC were included in this study. Demographic, clinical and pathologic information was obtained and recorded. Her-2/neu expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin embedded tissue sections with Her-2/neu antibody. Overexpression was defined as complete membrane staining in greater than 10% of cells.
Results: The positive rate of Her-2/neu in EC was 42.1%. Her-2/neu was associated with surgical stage (p<0.01), lymph node involvement (p<0.05), lymph vascular space invasion (p <0.05) and depth of myometrial invasion (p <0.01) but not associated with histological grade or the age of the patients (p >0.05).
Conclusion: Our study provides evidence of Her-2/neu overexpression in a considerable proportion of the patients with uterine adenocarcinoma, thus suggesting the opportunity for the possible use of anti-Her-2/neu therapy in this malignancy by selective inhibition of Her-2/neu. The use of Herceptin, a monoclonal antibody directed against Her-2/neu, for therapy of patients harboring Her-2/neu positive EC may be beneficial. Her-2/neu overexpression is related to most of the prognostic variables of EC and may be incorporated into the criteria for determination of tumor aggressiveness as a prognostic marker.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17671_c1c5c6f0d6a94d994aca9e72cd1a38aa.pdf
2007-07-01
418
428
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17671
Hanaa O
Badr Eldin
1
Departments of Obstetrics Faculty of medicine, Al Azhar University.
AUTHOR
Wafaa H A
Helmy
2
Gynecology and Pathology Faculty of medicine, Al Azhar University.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study on the Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Vitiligo Patients
Backgrounds: The aetiology of vitiligo is still unknown. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain vitiligo: genetic neural, immunological, self destructive, convergence hypothesis and oxidative stress hypothesis
The current study is concerned with the oxidative stress hypothesis and how oxidants and antioxidants affect the pathogenesis of vitiligo. So, our aim is to determine the role of malondialdehyde and glutathione in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. The amount of malondialdehyde (oxidant) and glutathione (antioxidant) were measured in serum and in skin tissue in 30 vitiligo cases and 20 healthy controls
Results: The study showed significant changes between patients and controls in glutathione level in blood and tissue samples. Also there were significant changes between
patients and controls in malondialdehyde glutathione and malondialdehyde play a role
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17672_f15c8fa13eaaa12a71e68b1fa52702b4.pdf
2007-07-01
429
438
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17672
Fatma Hassan
Shabaka
1
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AI- Azhar University for Girl
AUTHOR
Sawsan Khalifa
EL- Sayed
2
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AI- Azhar University for Girl
AUTHOR
Gada
Abdel- Badea
3
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AI- Azhar University for Girl
AUTHOR
Manal Mohsen
Mahmoud
4
Prof. of Biochem. Faculty of Medicine Cairo Univ.
AUTHOR
Rania Mahmoud
Hossni
5
M.B., B. ch.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cytogenetic and biochemical studies on the effect of DDB in albino mice and their embryos.
Introduction: DDB (Dimethyl – 4,4/ – dimethoxy – 5,6,5/,6/ – dimethlene – dioxybi- phenyl – 2,2 – dicarboxylate) is important drug of medicine not expensive since large number of people are using it in virus B and C cases for very large periods extend to many years.
The protective of DDB on chemically induced damage was studied in primary cultures of mammals hepatocytes.
Results:This work study of cytogenetic and biochemical effect of DDB, in mice using the chromosomes of bone marrow of male and pregnant female shown some changes with liver embryos. Also germ cells of testes given non significant aberration when compared with control.
As well as some biochemical parameters in serum and tissues, shown non significant changes in nucleic acid, total protein, total cholesterol, total glucose, total triglycerides and
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Also, enzyme
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_17673_9c131e08583785e4b9a2a0d230aad498.pdf
2007-07-01
439
447
10.21608/ejhm.2007.17673
Adel
El Rokeeb
1
AL. Azhar University Faculty of Medicine (Boys branch) Egypty
AUTHOR
Amira
Abd El Raouf
2
National Research Centre Cell Biology Department Dokki - Egypt
AUTHOR