@article { author = {Hanafi, N and Eid, F. and El- Dahshan, A.}, title = {Radiation Emitted From Mobile Phone Induces Amyloidosis Features in Some Tissues of Infant Mice}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {132-144}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16287}, abstract = {Aim: Investigating the effects of mobile phone–emitted radiation (MPR) on inducing histopathological changes associated with amyloidosis feature in liver, kidney and brain of infant mice. Methods: Twenty one infant mice (aged 1 day) were assigned to 3 groups, the 1st group served as control, the 2nd group exposed to mobile phone radiation ( MPR) daily for one month (¾ h /day) and the 3rd group remained for one month after stopping radiation exposure. Results: There were different degrees of damage related to amyloidosis feature in these organs subsequent to MPR exposure. One month post exposure there was an increase in the degree of damage related to amyloidosis feature.  Conclusion: the results of this study showed that MPR leads to histopathological changes associated with amyloidosis feature in the liver, kidney and brain of infant mice.  }, keywords = {Mobile phone,Amyloidosi,Infant Mice}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16287.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16287_4a2753f63695888d6a6028829936a5d0.pdf} } @article { author = {Abu Gabal, H and Al Fassam, Haifaa}, title = {The role of Pectin in controlling the changes induced by Mercuric Chloride in albino rats fetuses}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {145-157}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16288}, abstract = {The present work was planned to investigate the role of Pectin in ameliorating the morphometric, morphological and skeletal changes induced by mercury in albino rat's fetuses. 50 Wistar wistar virgin female rats were used in the present study and 25 males for mating. The results of the present work showed that the exposure of the pregnant rats to mercury chloride at a dose 5mg/kg body weight lead to significant decrease in fetal body weights as well as body and tail lengths. Also, mercury chloride administration of the pregnant rats resulted in some changes in experimental morphology of the fetuses. In addition, the fetal skeletal system was affected as follows; increase of the number of non ossified bones in the axial and peripheral systems. Pectin treatment of the pregnant rats improved the fetuses’ morphometric, morphological and skeletal changes.:  }, keywords = {pectin,Mercuric chloride,fetuses}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16288.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16288_8b595e55ca2c375af938196d7920742e.pdf} } @article { author = {Al Saeed, Mohamed and Hatem, Mohamed and Alzahrani, Khalid and Shady, Mohamed Abu and Al Nashar, Mohamed and Al Nashar, Hala}, title = {Acute Occlusive Mesenteric Ischemia in Taif Province, Saudi Arabia}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {158-165}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16289}, abstract = {Mesenteric ischemia is relatively a rare disorder seen in the emergency department (ED). Due to the effect of hypobaric hypoxia and higher liability for thrombosis encountered in high altitude areas, acute occlusive mesenteric ischemia (AOMI) would represent an actual challenge in Taif and related districts. Another risk factor is that about twenty-five percent of Saudis are victims of diabetes due to the changes in lifestyle and diet leading to increasing levels of obesity. Vague nonspecific clinical findings and limitations of diagnostic studies in addition to cultural and social factors, may lead to late presentation making the diagnosis a significant challenge and in turn higher morbidity and mortality are expected.   Objectives:  In this study, we review type of AOMI, pattern of presentation, laboratory, radiological, Intraoperative findings and results of treatment in 36 patients who were admitted to King Abdul Aziz Specialist Hospital and King Faisal Hospital, Al Taif, Saudi Arabia from January 2009 to January 2012.   Methods:  36 patients with final diagnosis of AOMI were included in this retrospective study by means of review of their files and medical records.   Results:  The disease was more common in men than women (23 male and 13 females). The mean age of patients was 54 years. The mean time of presentation was 2.4 days after occurrence of symptoms. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom of patients followed by nausea, vomiting, constipation and bloody diarrhea.  On physical examination; tachycardia was prevalent, Oliguria was seen in approximately 69.4% of patients, 11.1% of patients were in shock status. All patients had abdominal tenderness and 61.1% of patients had marked peritoneal signs (rebound tenderness with guarding or/and rigidity). Twenty one/36 (58.3%) patients were diabetics, 17/36 patients (47.2%) were hypertensive and 8/36 patients (22.2%) with associated cardiac disorders. In laboratory tests, Leukocytosis was present in all patients. Secondary polycythemia was seen in 38.9% of patients. D-Dimer level was high in all patients. In 61.1% of patients, exploratory laparotomies were done based on clinical, laboratory, abdominal ultrasound and plain x-ray findings without performing CT angiography due to presentation with marked peritoneal signs. In all patients gangrenous lesions were detected during surgery and resection of these parts was done. Gangrene and in turn resection, was extensive in 14/36 patients (38.9%) and they developed short bowel syndrome. There were 22/36 patients (61.1%) with superior or/and inferior mesenteric vein thrombosis, 10/36 patients (27.8%) with superior mesenteric artery thrombosis, in one of them there is associated focal thrombosis of aorta and renal arteries and 4/36 patients (11.1%) with superior mesenteric artery embolism. All patients received postoperative anticoagulant therapy. Patients with short bowel syndrome were prepared to receive total parental nutrition (TPN) for life. Intra-operative deaths were 3/36    (8.3%).There were 5/36 deaths (13.9%) accruing within one month after surgery and all died secondary to sepsis and its sequalae with total deaths of 8/36 patients (22.2%).   Conclusion:   Acute occlusive mesenteric ischemia (AOMI) especially of venous type will represent a challenging problem in Taif and related districts. The surgeon must pay intensive attention to patients presented by unexplained central abdominal pain and he has to be with high index of suspicion especially if it meets with the classic teaching of "pain out of proportion to physical findings ". Early diagnosis, aggressive approach to early resuscitation of the patients, correction of metabolic and hemodynamic derangements, and performing laparotomy as soon as these derangements were corrected would decrease morbidity and mortality. In some patients it is necessary to perform second look operation for re-evaluation of the viability of the intestine.    }, keywords = {Mesenteric ischemia,Taif,Saudi Arabia}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16289.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16289_a5c95af235f3a4071c0c2817e16fcea6.pdf} } @article { author = {Moawed, Azza Tawfeek and El Nashar, Nihad Ahmed and El Margoushy, Nesriene Mohamed}, title = {Assessment of Cord Blood Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels and Circulating CD34+ Cells in Preterm Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {166-175}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16290}, abstract = {Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) secondary to surfactant deficiency is a common cause of mobility and mortality in premature infants. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major angiogenic factor and prime regulator of endothelial cells proliferation. So, VEGF may contribute to surfactant secretion and pulmonary maturation. Additionally, circulating CD34+ stem – progenitor cells are elevated along with its mobilizing cytokines in neonatal RDS. Aim of work: This study aimed to elucidate the role of cord blood VEGF and the circulating CD34+ cells in preterm infants with and without RDS. Patients & method:      This study was conducted on 55 preterm neonates divided into 25 preterm (15 males/ 10 females) without RDS with mean age of 31.60 ± 1.56 weeks  and 30 preterm neonates with RDS (18 males/ 12 females) with mean age of 29.95 ± 1.09 weeks . Twenty healthy neonates (14 males/ 6 females) served as controls with mean age of 38.20 ± 3.57 weeks.  All neonates were subjected to full history taking; thorough clinical examination and laboratory investigations including determination of VEGF levels in cord blood samples using ELISA and circulating CD34+ cells in peripheral blood by flowcytometery.     Results: The results of this study revealed that cord blood VEGF levels were significantly decreased in preterms with RDS versus preterms without RDS and controls with p values of both < 0.0001.  Furthermore, the circulating CD34+ cells were significantly increased in preterm infants with RDS versus preterm infants without RDS and controls (p < 0.05 & < 0.0001 respectively). Premature rupture of the membrane, gender of the newborn, birth weight and antenatal steroid administration had neither significant effect on the cord blood VEGF nor on the number of CD34+ cells. There was inverse significant correlation between GA and the number of CD34+ cells.   Conclusion: It was concluded that low cord blood VEGF is associated with RDS and its level negatively correlated with the severity of the disease. Thus, it may play a role in recovery from acute lung injury in preterm infants.  Moreover, the marked high level of circulating CD34+ cells in preterms with RDS may give clear evidence of its promise therapeutic role in the future.  }, keywords = {VEGF- CD34+,Respiratory distress syndrome}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16290.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16290_a6aa635d003ca5a9d523d776b607e1ad.pdf} } @article { author = {El Shaarawy, Abdel-Bassit and Hosny, Mona and Raafat, Manar and Gendy, Nelly}, title = {Study Of Cardic Valvular Calcification In ESRD Patients On Regular Hemodialysis (A Single Center Study)}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {190-216}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16291}, abstract = {Cardiac valve calcification are common among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Risk factors include alterations in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, elevated calcium phosphorus product and persistent elevations in plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH). Echocardiography is a simple and inexpensive method for detection of valvular calcifications as suggested by KDIGO guidelines.     60 Patients on regular HD constituted group A (36 males and 24 females) and 25 healthy volunteers constituted group B. Group A was subdivided  into: Group I: 21 patients with no valvular calcification, group 2: 26 patients with aortic valve calcification and group 3: 13 patients with aortic and mitral valve calcification. For all, the following was done: clinical examination, serum Ca, serum P, serum albumin, serum creatinine, BUN and PTH level in blood. M-mode echo cardiography was done for all.      Age, duration of dialysis and duration of 1ry kidney disease was higher in group 2 and 3 compared to group 1 (p = 0.0001). Calcium was higher in group 2 than group 1 (p = 0.09) and group 3 (p = 0.004) than group I phosphorus was higher in group 2 and 3 than group 1 (P = 0.001). P was higher in group 3 than group 2 (p = 0.0001). Ca x P was higher in group 2 and 3 than group 1 (p = 0.0001), in group 3 than group 2 (p = 0.01) PTH was higher in group 1 than group 2 (p = 0.06). Cardiac dysfunction by echocardiography was least in group 1, increasing in group 2 and being highest in group 3. It was found that calcified valve groups has taken higher doses of Calcium and Vitamin D3 . We have to take care on prescribing Ca and vitamin D3 to ESRD patients on regular HD.  }, keywords = {Valvular Calcification- Ca- P- PTH –Ca x P- HEMODIALYSIS}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16291.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16291_40364c9d8f34a34580e932dff1159ff1.pdf} } @article { author = {AbdElzaher, Mohamed and Moawad, Ashraf and Ali, Mohamed and Madkour, Wael A. Ismail and Zaheer, Hena}, title = {Is the use of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists facilitates vaginal hysterectomy in moderate enlarged uterus?}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {217-225}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16292}, abstract = {  Introduction:  Vaginal hysterectomy is considered to be the method of choice for removal of the uterus but most gynecologists still prefer the abdominal route for removal of benign large uteri >14 weeks. GnRH agonists such as goserelin can reduce uterine bulk by up to 60% and was initially used to convert a midline to Pfannenstiel incision in abdominal hysterectomy. The conversion of an abdominal to a potential vaginal hysterectomy by uterine size reduction would prove advantageous.   Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the preoperative administration of  GnRH agonist for women with enlarged uteri without prolapse in order to facilitate vaginal hysterectomy; in comparison with patients with enlarged uteri who underwent to direct Total abdominal hysterectomy for a similar indication (i.e. Menorrhagia).   Design: Prospective multicentre randomized controlled trial   Setting: Tertiary Center Hospitals   Methods:  Women scheduled for hysterectomy for menorrhagia with non-prolapsing clinical uterine size of >14 weeks were offered an attempt for vaginal hysterectomy after pre-treatment with Goserelin for 3 months (Study group= 30).  A group of women with comparable uterine size who underwent abdominal hysterectomy for similar indication served as (Control group=30).  Pre- and postoperative data such as hemoglobin, myoma size, uterine weight, duration of procedure and complications, pain score, and length of hospital stay were collected prospectively.   Results: Both groups had comparable preoperative hemoglobin, body mass index and subjective preoperative uterine bulk (16.7±2.4 vs16.9±2.2 weeks). The uterine weight was lower in the study group (507.6±211 g) compared to the control group (728.8±189 g), P<0.001.The subjective mean decrease in clinical uterine bulk was 20%. The duration of surgery was nearly twice as long in vaginal (123.3±34.9 min) compared to abdominal hysterectomy (73.9±23.9 min), P< 0.001, but analgesia use and the length of inpatient stay were lower in the study group (2.4±1 days) compared to control group (4.97±1.5 days), P<0.001. No significant difference between the two groups as regards the rate of occurrence of surgical complications.   Conclusions: In women with >14 week size uteri, treatment with gonadotrophin agonists reduces uterine size sufficiently to allow safe vaginal hysterectomy. Although duration of surgery was longer, women who underwent vaginal hysterectomy required less analgesia and had shorter inpatient stay.          }, keywords = {Non-descent vaginal hysterectomy,Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16292.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16292_1d2c6697942dc3dca9b0e292872fffa6.pdf} } @article { author = {Sharaf, Howida M. and Elkhodary, Adel M. and Saafan, Ali E. and Mostafa, Mostafa I. and El Hadidy, Sahar M. and ElShenawy, Hanaa M.}, title = {Antibacterial Effectiveness Of Low Energy Diode Laser Irradiation On Management Of Periodontitis In Down Syndrome}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {226-237}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16293}, abstract = { Background: With the poor oral hygiene exhibited by patients with Down syndrome, the potential for a robust flora arises causing Periodontitis. Along with periodontal disease, the patient population has other medical conditions that limit treatment.  This study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of an 870-nm diode laser on periodontitis in patients with Down syndrome.                               Subjects & methods :Thirty five patients with Down syndrome suffering from periodontitis were included in this study and divided into two groups, Group I (25 patients) laser was applied to one half of the mouth and the other half was considered as a control & Group II included (10 patients) basic periodontal treatment was applied to evaluate the systemic effect of laser. Quantification of A. actinomycetemconcomitans, P. Gingivalis and Capnocytophaga were carried out using real-time PCR technique at baseline and at 2 weeks, at 6 weeks and at 12 weeks post periodontal and laser treatment.   Results:  A. Actinmycetcomitans and P. gingivalis were the most common organisms found in the studied patients and Capnocytophaga was the least common organisms. In group I the quantitative results of A. actinomycetemconcomitans, P. Gingivalis at 2 weeks were significantly lower in both sides of mouth than that of baseline level.After 6 week, it was still significantly lower than that of the baseline in the right side of the mouth, but at 12 weeks no significant difference was observed in both sides. In group II, quantitative results of A. actinomycetemconcomitans, P. Gingivalis at 2 weeks were also significantly lower than that of baseline but not at 6 & at 12 weeks. As regards, Capnocytophaga there was no significant difference at baseline, at 2 weeks, at 6 weeks and at 12 weeks post periodontal and laser treatment in both groups I & II.   Conclusion, scaling and root planning plus laser therapy was better than scaling and root planning alone in the chosen patients and this antibacterial effect continues to be significant up to 6 weeks after therapy. . Based upon the results of the study, it was found that Laser therapy could be used for the treatment of periodontitis as a complementary therapy not to replace mechanical intervention.    }, keywords = {Down syndrome,Periodontitis,A. Actinmycetcomitans and P. gingivalis}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16293.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16293_b05c13d9c671cf63838c96658f4665d7.pdf} } @article { author = {Sharaf, Howida M and Gomaa, Mostafa F.}, title = {Molecular Detection of Epstein-Barr virus in Breast Cancer}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {238-248}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16294}, abstract = {Background: The  association of  Epstein Barr virus (EBV) with breast carcinomas (BCs) is still in controversy. The aim of this study was to clarify the association of EBV & BC in Egyptian females and  to assess  its role as potential contributor to the development and behavioral alteration of BC.  Subjects & methods: EBV-DNA was detected using PCR on breast tissue from 40 female patients with primary invasive BC; ductal (n=32) and lobular (n=8) and  20 age matched females undergoing  reduction mammoplasties as control.  Results: EBV-DNA was detected in 8/40 (20%) BC specimens. On the other hand all control specimens were negative As regards prognostic factors, no association was observed between EBV-DNA and patients' age, menopausal status and steroid receptor expression. However, significant associations were detected between the presence of EBV-DNA and other poor prognostic factors. All of the EBV-DNA positive BC were significantly associated with positive nodal status, where 7/8 cases showed more than three tumor-positive LN involvement.   In spite of the small number of invasive lobular carcinoma included in this study there was a significant correlation between this histological type of poor prognosis and EBV-DNA detection rate where 4/8 (50%) of them were positive for EBV-DNA compared to 4/32 (12.5%) detection rate in invasive ductal carcinoma. A significant correlation was found between EBV-DNA detection rate in BC and high tumor grade of invasive ductal carcinoma; (100%, 1/1) association with grade III versus (9.67%; 3/ 31) with grade II. Conclusions: our results demonstrated the presence of the EBV genome in a considerable subset of BC in Egyptian patients. The virus was more frequently associated with bad prognostic factors. This indicates that EBV may play a role in the development and behavioral alteration of some aggressive BC.  }, keywords = {Epstein Barr Virus,breast cancer}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16294.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16294_c2236f5869fc652b8ac6dbe1a943b71e.pdf} } @article { author = {Sharaf, Howida M. and El-Kinawy, Nihal S. and Omar, Ayman and Ali, Manal A.}, title = {Detection of a Point Mutation at Codon 12 of the Kirsten-Ras (K-ras) Oncogen in Myelodysplastic Syndrome}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {249-259}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16295}, abstract = {Background: Mutations in ras geneshave been observed in a variety of cancersand were found to play an important role in human leukemogenesis and in preleukemic disease as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of mutated K-ras oncogene in  myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS); with a special emphasis on their possible role in affecting clinical status, relation to karyotypic pattern; response to therapeutic measures; its impact on the fate of the disease and overall survival. Subjects & methods: Detection of point mutation  of  Kirsten-ras (K-ras) gene in 30 patients suffering  from myelodysplastic syndrome was carried out  using quantitative enriched polymerase chain reaction (QEPCR) and was confirmed by sequencing. QEPCR is a two- stage PCR procedure with modified primers that enriches mutant alleles, via restriction endonuclease digestion of normal alleles and enables identification of one mutant allele among 100,000 normal alleles.  Results: Activating mutations of the codon 12 of K-ras gene were detected in 7/30 (23.3%)cases of MDS, the most  common mutation involved a substitution of aspartic acid forglycine (GGT→GAT). The incidence of K-ras mutations was found to be significantly associated with refractory anemia with excess blasts type II (RAEBII) and unclassified (UC) MDS than other subtypes (p=0.005), and was significantly associated with hypercellular bone marrow (p=0.04) showing marked dyserythropoitic changes. Furthermore, mutant K-ras gene was found to be significantly associated with abnormal karyotypes (p=0.04). Patients with mutated K-ras gene were significantly associated with either high or intermediate risk according to International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) (p=0.001). 6/7(85.7%) of those carrying the mutation showed poor response to treatment compared to non carriers with a statistical significant difference (p=0.009). Five out of eight (62.5%) patients who were transformed to AML carried the mutant K-ras gene, their subtypes were RAEBІІ and unclassified MDS with abnormal cytogenetics mainly Monosomy 7. Overall survival was detected using Kaplan-Meiercurve and the mean survival time of patients who carried K-ras mutations were significantly lower than those without the mutation (Log rank test=12.7; p=0.0004). Conclusion: MDS patients bearing an mutated K-ras oncogene frequently showed poor response to treatment; leukemic progression of the disease and shorter overall survival, suggesting that an activated K-ras oncogene is a critical factor for prognostic evaluation; therapeutic decision and monitoring of response to treatment of MDS patients.  }, keywords = {K-Ras,QEPCR,MDS}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16295.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16295_83fa9c635b072770da1d68450f9a57ba.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassan, Moustafa I. and El-Gharabawy, Gamal S. and Moustafa, Abdel-Ghany A.}, title = {The effect of Sitagliptin (Januvia) on the liver of adult Albino rats in cases of experimental diabetes mellitus(Microscopic and laboratory studies)}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {260-278}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16296}, abstract = {Introduction:   The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Sitagliptin (Januvia) on the liver of experimentally induced diabetes in albino rats. Material and Methods: Fifteen adult male albino rats were used and divided into three equal groups. The first group was considered as a control group. In the second group experimental induction of diabetes was performed by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan and left as a diabetic control for three weeks.  The third group was consisted of rats of experimentally induced diabetes and treated by a daily dose of Sitagliptin (Januvia) as oral anti diabetic therapy for three weeks. Two main parameters were performed; the first was microscopic and histochemical studies on the liver tissue while the second was laboratory evaluation of some liver functions. Results: The hepatic tissue was affected by the experimental induction of diabetes in the form of cellular infiltration, hepatic cell cords disarrangement and vascular congestion after three weeks of induction. The fibrous elements as well as mucopolysaccharides contents were greatly reduced. Histochemical changes in the liver enzymes showed mild decrease. Liver function tests showed mild changes. Diabetic changes were gradually returned back to its normal state after the use of daily oral dose of Sitagliptin. Conclusions: The antidiabetic drug (Sitagliptin) could be considered a good therapy in limiting the risk of diabetes Mellitus on liver tissue.  }, keywords = {albino rats,alloxan,Sitagliptin,Structural and Laboratory findings}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16296.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16296_953bc2608cf4aa225594c37387d9a404.pdf} } @article { author = {Ammar, Amal A. A. and Saad, Tamer M. M.}, title = {Effect of Cynara Scolymus L. (Artichoke) Extraction on Hyperlipidemic Induced by Gamma Radiation in Male Rats}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {279-290}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16297}, abstract = {Excessive free radicals are caused by unnatural environmental influences such as air pollution, radiation, cigarette smoke, factories, pesticides, food contaminants and a myriad of other factor that are part of our modern life.Hypercholesterolaemia is directly associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Cynara scolymus L.  (Artichoke) grows in Egypt and other countries. It is used as foods and has medicinal properties.Artichoke extracts have been shown to produce various pharmacological effects, such as the inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis and low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. Aim    The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidative activities and radioprotector role of cynara scolymus L. (artichoke) against hyperlipidemic induced by gamma- irradiation in male rats. Material and Method  Male Swiss albino rats were orally administrated by artichoke (head or leaves) (10% mg/rat/day) using suitable stomach tube (6weeks, 45 days) before exposure to a single dose (6.5 Gy) of whole body gamma radiation. Levels of lipids peroxides (MDA), reduced glutathione content (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were investigated in serum Results The results revealed that gamma radiation led to significant increase in MDA, TC, TG and LDL, Meanwhile, significant decrease in GSH and SOD, but groups administrated with Artichoke (head and leaf) before whole body gamma irradiation, artichoke exerted noticeable amelioration against the radiation induced changes in most of the biochemical tested parameters.  }, keywords = {Ionizing radiation, Cynara scolymus L. (artichoke), Atherosclerosis,Antioxidant, Lipid profile}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16297.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16297_c2895f3882351f4e1000d4d77763dddb.pdf} } @article { author = {Shahat, Mohamed A. and Shihata, Ahmed M.A.}, title = {Evaluation Of The Toxicological Effects Manifested After Long term Administration Of Aqueous Calotropis procera Plant Extract In Male And Female Rabbits}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {291-300}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16298}, abstract = {Background: Treatment with aqueous extract of Calotropis Procera was examined only for short periods. So, The present study was designed to examine the influences of long term administrations of aqueous extract of Calotropis Procera on male and female rabbits. Material and methods: The extract was daily oral administered to thirty adult rabbits divided into two sets each set contain 3 groups (5/each) for a period of 8 weeks. The doses administered were 80 and 40 mg/kg body weight as high and low doses for both male and female test groups. Percentage of body weight change, serum biochemistry (Alanine amino transferases (ALAT), aspartate amino transferases (ASAT) , Alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, urea and creatininre), hematological parameters (PCV, WBCs, RBCs, Plateletsand Hb) and the blood indices (M.C.V., M.C.H. and M.C.H.C.) were examined. Results: Results showed that there was no mortality or clinical signs observed among the treatment and the control groups. No significant changes in the percentage of body weight gain, hematological parameters, blood indices has been noticed in all treated groups Highly significant decreases in serum total protein and albumin in male and female rabbits has been recorded at high doses. While the globulin and A/G ratio revealed no significant changes. Serum ASAT , urea and creatinine levels were highly significant increases (P >0.01) and the activity of ALAT and ALP was significant increases (P >0.05) in male and female rabbits at high doses only. Conclusions: Some toxicological effects were observed after administration of aqueous leaves extract of Calotropis Procera at high doses in the long term for male and females rabbits  }, keywords = {Calotropis Procera, biochemical parameters, Haematology,body weight gains, rabbits}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16298.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16298_5661345e1ff2eb76bd628d7045519e17.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Moselhy, Essam A. and Nada, Ibrahim Saad and Khalifa, Hamed O. and Hassan, Hassan M. and Abd-Alrhman, Throwt M.}, title = {PSORIASIS AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS: CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS AMONG ADULT PATIENTS IN EGYPT}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {301-320}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16299}, abstract = {Background: Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are common, chronic, immune mediated disease of the skin and joints. Interaction between genes and environment are important in disease causation. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the socioemographic and clinical characters of adult patients with psoriasis and those with psoriatic arthritis, to define psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis etiological risk factors, and to define the relationship between psoriasis severity and these items. Subjects and methods:This study was conducted at Dermatology Clinic, Al-Hussein University Hospital. A case-control study design was chosen to perform this research. The study was conducted on 100 adult patients with psoriasis and an equal number of free adults as controls. Criteria for diagnosis of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis were used. A comprehensive questionnaire was used to survey the studied groups. Body surface area of the affected patients was used as a marker of disease severity. Results: The study showed that 44.0% of the cases had psoriasis age of onset; 22-45 years. Stress was the most common etiological risk factor, 67.0%. While, the most important risk factors were family history of psoriasis, recurrent pharyngitis, smoking ≥20 cigarettes/ day and higher level of education, odds ratio (OR)=7.58, 5.94, 2.78 and 2.69, respectively. Also, 32.0% of the patients had psoriatic arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis comes after psoriasis and had mild severity in 65.6% and 68.7% of the cases, respectively. The most important etiological risk factors were severe psoriasis, smoking ≥20 cigarettes/day and early onset of psoriasis, OR=9.64, 3.06 and 2.72, respectively. Conclusions and recommendations: The epidemiology of psoriasis is not well defined in Egypt. The heredity and environmental factors are the most important risk factors. Also, psoriatic arthritis is an important associated disease. The fact that it has no cure has important implications for how it should be viewed, prevented and treated. We recommend that more research should be carried out to understand the true epidemiological features of the disease in Egypt and its impacts on quality of life of the patients.    }, keywords = {Psoriasis,Psoriatic arthritis,patients,Egypt}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16299.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16299_93f89d484a5bcf02f8b5a73b09020ad9.pdf} } @article { author = {Shokry, Said and Hafez, Adel Ahmed and Abdulsalam, Hanafi Mahmoud and Al`Sayed, Al`Sayed Hossieni and Zidan, Mohammed Fatehy}, title = {Avoiding mastoid cavity Problems: Mastoid obliteration using Bioactive glass}, journal = {The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine}, volume = {47}, number = {1}, pages = {321-333}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education}, issn = {1687-2002}, eissn = {2090-7125}, doi = {10.21608/ejhm.2012.16300}, abstract = {Background and objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate bioactive glass as an ideal material for the purpose of mastoid cavity elimination after mastoid surgery to avoid mastoid cavity problems. Materials and methods: In 20 patients diagnosed as cholesteatoma or chronic unsafe ear, we used different surgical techniques according to pathology and situation during surgical exploration, basically adhering to standard principles of eradicating disease in chronic unsafe ear. After performing the canal wall down (CWD) or the canal wall up (CWU) technique, mastoidectomy was followed by obliteration of mastoid cavity by particulate form Bioglass®. Cases were divided according to operative procedures, type of reconstruction and material used into 3 groups A- Canal wall up mastoidectomy followed by obliteration of mastoid cavity by particulate form Bioglass®. B- Canal wall down mastoidectomy followed by reconstruction of posterior meatal wall and obliteration of mastoid cavity by particulate form Bioglass®. C- Canal wall down mastoidectomy followed by reconstruction of posterior meatal wall by conchal cartilage and obliteration of mastoid cavity by Bioglass®. Results:  Bioactiveglass paste is very effective for mastoid obliteration in the three groups with good integration to the surrounding tissues either connective tissue, bone, meninges or lateral dural sinus without any adverse reaction on the dura even with contact to Bioglass®. Infection was seen in 2 cases (10%), however was readily controlled by topical application of antibiotics daily for one week. In both cases no extrusion of the material occurred. Conclusion: The successful formation of bone with elimination of mastoid cavity problems proved that using Bioglass is appropriate for performing clinical mastoid obliteration.  }, keywords = {mastoid cavity Problems,mastoid obliteration,Bioactive glass}, url = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16300.html}, eprint = {https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_16300_8fb9ff293d468f51a2b9968d7a6dd115.pdf} }