Structural And Histochemical Changes Of Albino Rat Kidney Under The Effect Of Injectable Contraceptive
Mamdouh A.
Ghali
Histology Department – Al-Azhar - Faculty of Medicine
author
text
article
2006
eng
The choice of safe and effective method for fertility control still under continuous search. So, discovery of structures having long duration of action which made administration by injection was an attractive alternative to oral contraceptives. Medroxyprogesterone acetate emerged from this early work as promising injectable long – acting contraceptive with minimal risk.
This work was planned to evaluate the structural and histochemical changes induced by injectable contraceptive Depo-provera (MPA), on the kidney of adult female Albino rats as well as testing the degree of reversibility of changes that may develop after the arrest of its use. Thirty adult female Albino rats were used in this work and divided into three equal groups. Group I was used as a control, group II was intramuscularly injected with MPA 4 times (2.7 mg / rat every 3 oestrus cycles) and sacrificed one day after arrest of the injection, while , group III the animals were injected with MPA by the same dose and sacrificed 30 days after arrest of the injection.
The abdominal aorta was exposed and Indian ink injection was injected to study the renal vascular changes. The animals were sacrificed, the kidney was dissected and paraffin sections were prepared and stained by haematoxylin and eosin and PAS technique to study the microscopic structure and the distribution of PAS+ve materials respectively. Frozen sections were prepared and stained by both Gomori and Nachla's techniques to study the activity of acid phosphatase enzyme and succinic dehydrogenase enzyme respectively. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using Student's t.test.
The injected groups showed atrophy of tubular epithelium, dilatation of tubular lumina. All recovery groups were nearly similar to normal state except PAS+ve material of renal tubules which were nearly similar to injected groups. The treated groups showed significant increase in vascular distribution and PAS+ve materials. While, non significant changes were noticed in the activity of acid phosphatase and succinic dehydrogenase enzymes. It was concluded that there are reversible structural and histochemical changes in the rat kidney under the effect of MPA. So, the use of MPA could be considered as a safe contraceptive method.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
1
16
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18020_be3bd156fe408575591825d37b9cee0f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18020
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor And Soluble Adhesion Molecules As A Diagnostic Markers For Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis In Cirrhotic Liver Disease
Hamdia Ezzat
Ahmed
Clinical Pathology Al-Azhar University
author
Ahmed
Dorrah
Tropical Medicine Dept Al-Azhar University
author
Eman M ,
Abd El-Rahman
Internal Medicine Department Al-Azhar University
author
Maha M.
Abd El-Mohsen
Clinical Pathology Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2006
eng
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a frequent and severe complication in cirrhotic patients with ascites that usually results in renal failure and death despite the efficacy of the current antibiotic therapy.
The aim of this study was determine serum and ascitic fluid of soluble-L selectin (s-L Selectin), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cirrhotic patients, and to search for a relationship between them and SBP.
This study was performed on 30 cirrhotic patients with SBP. Their ages ranged (from 38- 55 years) with mean of (32 + 5.5), 30 cirrhotic patients with non-infected ascites; their ages ranged (from 30-52 years) with mean of (35 + 6.5). This group considered as cirrhotic control group and 20 healthy control subjects their ages ranged (from 28-55 years) with mean of (30 + 7.5).
Serum and ascitic fluid of adhesion molecules as well as VEGF levels were significantly higher in cirrhotic patients with SBP as well as cirrhotic patients with non-infected ascites as compared to healthy control group.
There were significant increase in serum and ascitic fluid level of leukocyte, PMN and ICAM-1 in SBP as compared to cirrhotic with non-infected ascites. There was non-significant decrease in serum and AF level of VEGF in cirrhotic control group as compared to SBP group.
The ascitic fluid PMN and s-L Selectin were higher in culture positive SBP patients particularly in those with gram positive isolates, where these are non-significant increase in serum and ascitic fluid level of VEGF in culture positive SBP than culture negative cases. Positive correlation was found between serum and ascitic fluid level of ICAM-1 in SBP and non-infected cirrhotic group. Also, positive correlation was found between VEGF levels in serum ascetic fluid levels in both cirrhotic groups (SBP and non-infected cirrhotic group).
These data suggest that: Significant elevated level of VEGF in both SBP and non infected cirrhotic patient may have pathophsiological consequences of local regulation of vascular tone and endothelial permeability, significant elevated level of adhesion molecules in both SBP and non-infected cirrhotic patients are due to inflammatory response and endothelial cell activation. Serum and ascetic fluid of ICAM-1 can be used as useful marker for diagnosis of SBP and for monitoring the treatment of cirrhotic patients.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
17
28
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18022_f1d5abf7c9edee4d902cc3c96bd3c1b2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18022
Renal Replacement Therapy And Increased Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease In El-Minia Governorate, Upper Egypt
El-Minshawy
O
Departments of internal Medicine El-Minia University, El Minia, Egypt
author
Kamel E
G
Public Health of Medicine, El-Minia University, El Minia, Egypt
author
text
article
2006
eng
Introduction: End stage renal disease (ESRD) is one of the main health problems in El Minia Governorate Currently, hemodialysis (HD) represents the main mode for treatment of ESRD in El Minia Governorate. El Minia Governorate consists of 9 districts and total population of 4.6 millions. The aim of this study: is to describe the prevalence rate and etiology of ESRD in patients under Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) in El Minia Governorate during the year 2005 and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in this group of patients. Material and Method: Patients of ESRD were interviewed and questionnaires were filled out by the investigators. The questionnair included personal data, past history of relevant diseases, renal biopsy results, ultrasonography, dialysis frequency, lipid profile, ECG, Echocardiography and other data investigating the cause of ESRD and the causes of death. Results: This study included 614 patients, that is 51 % of the estimated total number of patients treated by RRT in El-Minia governorate. The prevalence of ESRD in El- Minia governorate is 260/ per million population (PMP). Most patients are treated by hemodialysis (HD) (97.2 %) while only 2.8% are treated by either peritoneal dialysis or renal transplantation. The etiology of ESRD was unknown in 28% of cases while hypertension was responsible for 20.7% of cases, obstructive uropathy 12.7%, chronic glomerulonephritis 10.4%, analgesic nephropathy 6% chronic pyelonephritis 5.8%, and diabetic nephropathy 5%. Other causes such as gouty nephropathy, collagen diseases, toxaemia of pregnancy and lupus nephritis constituted 7% of cases.The prevalence of ischemic heart disease was 16.5%, congestive heart failure 28% Cerebrovascular accidents 5%, the death rate among HD patients during this year was 210/1000. Recommendation: Education program for nephrologists and practitioners should be strengthened with special emphasis on etiological factors leading to ESRD , blood pressure control with focus on systolic pressure appears to be an important stratgey to improve outcomes in HD patients, Attempts to establish a program for renal Transplantation should be encourged.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
29
38
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18023_f41549c3c7731cfabadc43026e9dab15.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18023
Leptin Level and Plasma Prothrombotic Factors in Obese Subjects
Hamdia
Ezzat
Clinical Pathology Department, Al-Azhar and Assiut University
author
)Eman M
Abd El-Rahman
Internal Medicine Department, Al-Azhar and Assiut University
author
Sabilah G
Mousa
Internal Medicine Departments, Al-Azhar and Assiut University
author
Eman A
Mahmoud
Rheumatology & Rehabilitation Departments, Al-Azhar and Assiut University
author
text
article
2006
eng
Obesity is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Abnormalities in coagulation and haemostasis represent a well-known link between obesity and thrombosis (both arterial and venous).
In human, production of a depocyte-derived peptide, leptin has been linked to adiposity; recent studies have shown that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1),a prothrombotic factor associated with atherosclerosis complication is also produced in adipose tissue. Several studies reported that obese subjects had elevated levels of vonWillbrand factor (vWF) and fibrinogen .
The aim of this work is to examine the relationship of obesity, fat distribution and serum leptin concentration with plasma levels of Prothrombotic factors (PAI-1 – (vWF) and fibrinogen) and lipid pattern (Triglycerides and Cholesterol) as metabolic parameters. The body fat distribution was evaluated by measuring the body mass index ( BMI) and waist-to- hip ratio (WHR).
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
39
48
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18024_3accd94c50c4cbee092d4ade52fbe8d6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18024
Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminsilicate Protects Against Genotoxic Effects In Zeralenone-Treated Balb/C Mice
Samir
Abbès
Laboratory of Environmental Immunology Microbiology and Cancerology, Faculty of Sciences Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
author
Jalila Ben Salah-
Abbès
Laboratory of Environmental Immunology Microbiology and Cancerology, Faculty of Sciences Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
author
Zouhour
Ouanes
Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir , Tunisia
author
Hassan
Bacha
Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir , Tunisia
author
Omar
Othman
Laboratory of Environmental Immunology Microbiology and Cancerology, Faculty of Sciences Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
author
Mosaad A.
Abdel-Wahhab
Food Toxicology & Contaminants Dept. Nationa l Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Ridha
Oueslati
Laboratory of Environmental Immunology Microbiology and Cancerology, Faculty of Sciences Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisia
author
text
article
2006
eng
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a potent estrogenic metabolite mycotoxin produced by some Fusarium species. Few studies have been successfully employed to get rid of the ZEN contamination in foods. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of hydrated sodium calcium aluminsilicate (HSCAS) to protect Balb/c mice against cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by ZEN. Mice were divided into nine experimental groups (12 mice/group) included the control group, the olive oil group, the groups treated orally with a single dose of HSCAS at doses level of 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg b.w, the group treated orally with a single dose of ZEN (40 mg/kg b.w), the group treated with ZEN plus HSCAS (400 mg/kg b.w), the group received Colchicin(4mg/kgbw)asapositivecontrolfor micronucleusassayandthegrouptreatedwith mitomycin C (1 mg/kg bw) as a positive control for chromosome aberrations assay. Forty eight hours after treatment, the femur and tibia were dissected out and bone marrow was obtained for different assays. The results showed that ZEN was cytotoxic and genotoxic to Balb/c mice as indicated by the increase in frequencies of polychromatic erythrocytes micronucleated (PCEMN) and chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells. The simultaneous administration of HSCAS with ZEN resulted in a decrease of PCEMN number and chromosomal aberrations frequency and increased the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) in bone marrow cells compared with the ZEN alone group. It could be concluded that HSCAS itself was safe at different tested doses and efficient in the prevention of ZEN induced clastogenicity in mice at a dose level as low as 400 mg/kg b.w.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
49
59
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18025_bc6d7862e216e534d063e832be25672f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18025
Antioxidant effect of parsley and panax ginseng extract standardized with ginsenosides Rg3 against alteration induced in reproductive functions in male mice
Aziza M.
Hassan
Cell Biology Dept National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
Mosaad A.
Abdel-Wahhab
Food Toxicology & Contaminants Dept. National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2006
eng
In the present study, the antigcidant effects of parsley oil and panax ginseng have been evaluated against the clastogenecity of ZEN. One hundred and eight mature male mice were distributed into nine treatment groups, including the control group and the groups treated with parsley oil (0.6 ml/kg b.w), panax ginseng extract (40 mg/kg b.w) or parsley oil plus panax ginseng extract with or without ZEN (10 μg/kg b.w). Animals within different treatment groups were divided into two subgroups (A and B). Subgroup A were used for the determination of serum testosterone levels and chromosomal aberrations and received their respective doses for two weeks whereas, subgroup B were used for sperm abnormality and received their respective doses twice a day for one week and sacrificed after 30 days. The results indicated that ZEN treatment resulted in a significant decrease in testosterone concentration, sperm count and sperm motility. Whereas it caused a significant increase in abnormal sperms counts and total chromosomal aberrations in germ cells. Animals treated with parsley oil or panax ginseng extract alone or in combination were comparable to the controls regarding all the tested parameters. The combined treatment with ZEN and parsley oil, panax ginseng or parsley oil plus panax ginseng extract resulted in a significant improvement in all tested parameters. Moreover, parsley oil was found to be effective than panax ginseng extract and the combined treatment was more effective than the single treatment. It could be concluded that both parsley oil and panax ginseng extract induced a protective action against ZEN-induced alteration in the reproductive performance and the combined treatment may be useful than the single treatment.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
60
72
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18027_5ff90b4992c47053f37734f385105ad5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18027
Some Biochemical Parameters Of Young Male Albino Rats Treated With Ponceau 4 R And Vitamin E.
Eman G. E.
Helal
Departments of Zoology –Faculty of Science - Al-Azhar University(Girls)
author
Mahmoud A.
El-Kassas
Departments of Zoology –Faculty of Science - Al-Azhar University(Girls)
author
Samer A. M.
Zaahkouk
Departments of Zoology –Faculty of Science - Al-Azhar University(Girls)
author
Hesham G.
Abdel-Wahed
Departments of Zoology –Faculty of Science - Al-Azhar University(Girls)
author
Amany F.
Mahmoud
Faculty of Home Economics- jeddah, K.S.A.
author
text
article
2006
eng
The current study aimed to clarify hazardous effect of ponceau 4R as food colour on rats and the effect of vitamin E as an antioxidant to prevent its toxic effect. Fourty premature growing male albino rats were divided into four groups, the first served as control group, the second supplemented with vitamin E (150 mg/kg),the third treated with ponceau 4R(0.19 mg/kg) and fourth treated with ponceau 4R(0.19 mg/kg) and vitamin E (150 mg/kg). Half of each group was treated for 3 m, the other half was treated for 6 months.
Rats treated with ponceau 4R showed highly significant decrease (P<0.01) in serum total lipids, proteins, albumin levels and cholinesterase activity throughout the experimental period, while recorded a significant decrease (P<0.05) in glucose level till the end of the experiment and in globulin level and A/G ratio after 3 months of treatment only. On the other hand, significant increase was detected in total cholesterol level (P < .01) and AST activity (P < .05) after both periods of treatment, while ALT activity showed insignificant change. It seams from the presents study that vitamin E has protective effect against the side effect of ponceau 4R on rats.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
73
79
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18028_a75c82ce0706ba2326e9465ca567a2e5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18028
Effect of Monthly Injectable Contraceptive (Mesigyna) on the Uterus of Adult Female Albino Rat: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study
Abeer M.
Hassan
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University.
author
Magda M.
Naim
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University.
author
Somaya H.
Mahmoud
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University.
author
Fouad M.
Badr
Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University.
author
text
article
2006
eng
Thirty two adult female albino rats were randomized into 2 main groups (control and experimental). The control group (n=8) received IM injection of 0.3 ml of the drug vehicle (castor oil & benzyl benzoate) once every 5 days for 6 times. 50% of rats of this group were scarificed after 24 hours of the last injection while the other 50% were left for 15 days. Experimental group was divided into 2; experimental group 1; E1 (n=12) received IM injection of 1.5 mg/kg BW of the drug (Mesigyna), once every 5 days for 6 times, and were sacrificed 24 hours after the last injection. Experimental group 2; E2 (n=12) were injected as in group E1 then left for 15 days. Uterine tissue was used for various techniques; histological (H&E & Masson's trichrome) and immunohistochemical (staining of progesterone receptors, using Labeled-Streptavidin method).
Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were done to assess the degree of uterine affection. Quantitative measurements (optical density, color area percentage, line distance & cells count) were performed using the image analyzer. Mesigyna injection showed increased endometrial folding (91.6% of the animals) with decreased endometrial thickness. Luminal epithelium showed proliferation with pseudostratification of its nuclei (75% of animals), necrotic changes (31.3% of animals), hyperplasia (epithelial tufting; in 25% of animals) and desquamation (8.3%of animals). Increased gland size and stromal hypercellularity were also observed. Polymorphonuclear cellular infiltration in both endometrium and myometrium, Vascular congestion and increased myometrial thickness were respectively seen in 83.33%, 63.5 %, 83.5% of E1 group animals. Mesigyna also caused reduction in the amount of collagen fibers. Immunostaining revealed decreased number and optical density of progesterone receptors in nuclei of surface epithelium, glandular epithelium and stromal cells while they were increased in nuclei of smooth muscle fibers. Image analysis results confirmed both the histological and the immunohistochemical results. After withdrawal of the drug (group E2), results showed reduction in necrotic changes, endometrial folding, epithelial tufting and hyperplasia. However there was an aggravation of Polymorphonuclear infiltration, vascular congestion and immunohistochemical changes which indicated delayed recovery of these changes in rat uterus under the effect of Mesigyna.
In conclusion Mesigyna was found to produce severe histopathological changes which were not completely recovered after 15 days of drug stoppage.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
80
97
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18030_f605b016a8713526f75613cfae9c3136.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18030
Effect Of Some Herbal Medicine On Some biochemical paramcters In Diabetic Rats
Eman G.E.
Helal
Department of Zoology, Faculty of science (Girls) Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al Azhar University.
author
Mervat A.
Abbas
Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al Azhar University.
author
text
article
2006
eng
The current study was planned to follow up the effect of famous mixture used as a hypoglycemic traditional medicine in Saudi Arabia on diabetic albino rats and their effects on some biochemical parameter as DHEA .This study also aimed to study the effect of each plants alone to illustrate the most powerful one of them.
The present study was carried out on eighty adult male albino rats (120+20gm b.wt). They were randomly divided into eight groups. First group conserved as control group.The others groups received alloxan to become diabetic .The second group conserved as diabetic, the third group treated with a mixture of plants (0.5gm/120gm b.wt).From he fourth to eight group,the rats treated with Nigella sativa (0.25gm/120gm b.wt),Aloe vera,Ferulaassa-foetid,Boswellia Carterii Birdw and Commiphora myrrha respectively (0.5gm/120gm b.wt.).Our result showed that the body weight was reduced significantly in diabetic group and Nigella sativa treated group. On the other hand, treatment with commiphora myrrha revealed significant increase in body weight gain, while mixture and Aloe vera treated rats recorded insignificant change. Diabetic rats revealed a significant decrease in serum glucose and DHEA-S levels and liver glycogen content, while insignificant difference was recoded in all treated groups. A significant decrease in serum insulin level was observed in diabetic group, Nigella sativa and Ferula assa- foetida treated groups, but insignificant different was recorded in the rest treated groups throughout the experiment. A significant increase in LDH activities in diabetic and Ferula assa-
foetida treated groups was recorded while During experimental period.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
98
110
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18032_3fb976e8c5dc601e04fbaecdebbff6ab.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18032
Do Molecular Markers Predict the Electromagnetic Field Treatment of Cancer Through p53 Suppressor Gene?
Mohammed H.
Awwad
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Egypt
author
Amany A.
Tohamy
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt.
author
Nahed M.
El-Abiad
Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Abdel-Monsef A.
Elhadary
Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2006
eng
In recent years there have been enormous studies made toward understanding diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Although there has been a great deal learned about cancer, the treatments available for it have not progressed nearly as much. Attempted removal of the tumor followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy still prevail as the most effective treatments used. The present study used the electromagnetic fields (4.5 Hz) to treat tumor implanted in mice. The Polymerase Chain Reaction/Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (PCR/RFLPs) technique was selected as a biomarker to evaluate the effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields in implanted Ehrlich tumor of female BALB/C mice. Eighty mice used and divided into four groups (20 each); control, radiated (control exposed to 4.5 Hz), infected (control infected by Ehrlich tumor) and infected exposed (infected exposed to 4.5 Hz). The duration of exposure was for two hours every two days. Electromagnetic field exposure includes group 2 and group 4. DNA genome was extracted and p53 suppressor gene detected (~2130 bp). AatI, BanII, EaeI restriction endonucleases did not differentiate between the PCR products (p53 genes) of the four groups (control, radiated, infected and infected exposed mice groups). BanI, DraI, DraIII, HaeII and PstI differentiated between the four groups. The results approved that the electromagnetic fields could treat the tumor and PCR\RFLPs could be useful diagnostic technique.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
111
125
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18033_551c02b316e98982a23640cbac038958.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18033
Histopathological Studies on Some Vital Organs of Mice Exposed To Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field
Aida Abd El-Karim
Salama
Biophysics Dep Faculty of Science AL-Azhar University for Girls
author
Neveen Hussein
Mahmoud
Faculty of Science AL-Azhar University for Girls
author
Hoda Mahmoud
Shoman
Faculty of Science AL-Azhar University for Girls
author
Asmaa Abdel-Hadi
Dahshan
Zoology Dep. Faculty of Science AL-Azhar University for Girls
author
text
article
2006
eng
Twenty five male Swiss albino mice were used in this study to detect the effect of extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELFMF) 2 milli Tesla-50 Hertz (2 mT,50 Hz) 8 hours/day at different time intervals. Mice were divided into five groups, control group and 4 treated groups, two groups represented the direct effect of (ELFMF) and the other two represented the late effect. The direct effect groups were sacrificed direcly after the end of exposure to (ELFMF), while the late effect groups were sacrificed after certain duration period of the exposure away from (ELFMF). In the present work, histopathological studies revealed severe degeneration changes in kidney, spleen and testes of all groups of mice direct and late effect groups and no sign of complete recovery could be detected in the late effect groups. Glomerular volume, number of glomeruli, relative glomerular blood volume (RGBV) of the kidney; and the mean number cells of spermatogenesis cells of the testes were calculated in control and treated groups. The histopathological changes observed in the kidney, spleen and testes of treated mice were less in direct effect groups than that observed in late effect groups.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
126
138
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18035_7e66070d06c2aa3974d412250708646a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18035
Genotoxicity induced by drug-drug interaction between the antidepressant sertraline and the antibiotic erythromycin in mice bone marrow cells.
Amany A.
Tohamy
Zoology Department, Faculty of science, Helwan University
author
text
article
2006
eng
Drug-drug interaction represents a widely distributed health problem. The pharmacological action and side effects of two or more drugs can act additively or antagonistically. The present study was designed to evaluate the possible genotoxicity of concurrent treatment with the antidepressant sertraline, one of the serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and the broad spectrum macrolide antibiotic erythromycin.
Sertraline and erythromycin are metabolized through CYP3A4 which is one of the cytochrome P-450 enzymes in liver and are responsible for the metabolism of large number of endogenous substrates and therapeutic agents.
The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs), micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (MNNCEs) and the ratio PCE/NCE were evaluated to measure the genotoxicity of separate and combined treatment with the tested two drugs.
Clinical doses of both sertraline (0.71 mg /kg b.w.) and erythromcyin strearate (14.30 mg / kg b.w.) were used. Groups of animals received single separate or combined doses of either sertraline and/or erythromycin, and sacrificed after 24 hours. Other groups of mice were treated in the same way but for five consecutive days and sacrificed 24 hours after the last injection. In all treated groups, the percentage of PCEs increased significantly when compared with that of the negative control group which may indicate a stimulation of proliferative activity to an early phase of cell depletion. The genotoxicity of multiple treatment for 5 consecutive days with sertraline alone or in combination with erythromcyin was expressed in increased number of MNPCEs.
The observed increased genotoxicity after multiple combined treatment with sertraline and erythromycin may indicate increased risk of toxicity-based drug-drug interaction. This toxicity may be due to the ability of sertraline and erythromycin to inhibit the activity of CYP3A4 which lead to a prolonged storage period of drugs in the body and hence increased toxicity.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
139
145
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18036_ab5c620cd0325b613b4cc84b313f47fc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18036
Body Fat Distribution, Serum Leptin, And Insulin Resistance In Obese Subjects With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea.
Hassan
ZA
Endocrinology Department Alazhar university (boys)
author
Attia
MF
Departments, Alazhar University (girls),
ENT Department Alazhar university (boys)
author
Ahmed
AH
Departments, Alazhar University (girls),
ENT Department Alazhar university (boys)
author
Hassan
HA
General Medicine Department Alazhar university (boys)
author
Amer
H
Clinical pathology Department Ain Shams University.
author
text
article
2006
eng
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSِA) is strongly associated with obesity and is characterized by endocrine and metabolic changes.
The aim of the present study is to clarify whether there is interrelationship between body fat, serum leptin, glucose-insulin metabolism and OSA.
Subjects and measurements: we studied 23 obese subjects with OSA (13 males,& 10 females; age mean 36 ± 4.4 years; BMI: 31.7 ± 3.6 kg/m2; WHR: 1.2 ± .25 in males and 0.81+.5 in females ;Apnoea Index “AI”( 9.2 ±6.1) event/hour of sleep by means of overnight polysomnography; fasting glucose(109.8 ± 21.4 mg/dL) ; fasting insulin(18.6 ± 7.1 uU/L ); IR(6.7 ± 2.8); fasting leptin(577.69 ± 201.6 ng/ml). Results were compared with those of 10 healthy normal weight subjects(6 males,4 females ;age mean 36.8±4.4 years; BMI: 25 ± 0.24 kg/m2; WHR: 0.86 ± 0.01; AI: 2.1 ± 1.1 event/hour; fasting glucose(71.7 ± 2.8 mg /dL ); fasting insulin(15.3 ± .48 uU/L ); IR(4.6 ± .17); fasting leptin (42.4 ± 11.5 ng/ml).
Results: Anthropometric measurements of OSA subjects were highly significantly greater than controls; body weight (P<0.003); BMI (P<0.00); waist (P<0.000); and WHR (P<0.000). Fasting glucose levels; fasting plasma insulin; IR and leptin levels were significantly higher in OSA subjects than controls (P<0.000, 0.03, 0.002; & 0.000 ) respectively. Overnight polysomnography revealed significant difference between OSA subjects and controls as regards AI (P<0.001).
The major dependent outcome variable was the apnoea index (AI), “the average number of apnoeas per hour of sleep determined by overnight polysomnography”. OSA was defined as AI ≥ 5. Highly significant correlation between AI and WHR (P<0.00); Fasting insulin (P<0.04); IR (P<001) and Leptin (P<0.000) were detected. Also leptin concentrations correlated with fasting insulin (P<0.02); IR (P<0.00) and WHR (P<0.000) besides the AI. IN CONCLUSION: There is strong bidirectional, feed-forward pernicious correlation detected between OSA in one side and each of visceral obesity, leptin, and IR; also between leptin, obesity, and IR. This association may contribute to the pathological manifestations and somatic sequale of this condition.
Leptin could have major role linking OSA with various metabolic abnormalities detected in obese subjects.
High circulating leptin found in this study, suggests that both obesity and OSA may be caused by a leptin resistant state.
Among obese subjects, it is visceral fat (WHR), rather than generalized obesity (BMI) that predisposes to OSA.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
146
154
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18038_86993a6049d9f413dbfbfd0770067868.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18038
Molecular Biological Studies on the Effect of the Electromagnetic Fields on ETS-1 Oncogene
Amany A.
Tohamy
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt.
author
Mohammed H.
Awwad
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Egypt.
author
Nahed M.
El-Abiad
Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Abdel-Monsef A.
Elhadary
Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2006
eng
ETS-1 is the founding member of the ETS family of transcription factors. ETS factors have important roles in oncogenesis, signal transduction and development. In human tumors, ETS-1 is expressed in endothelial cells and fibroblasts of the tumor stroma and is proposed to play a role in tumor vascularization and invasion by upregulating expression of matrix- degrading proteases. In human carcinomas, ETS-1 is also expressed by neoplastic cells, but little is known about the functional implications of this observation. The present study aimed to detect the tumor by using electromagnetic fields through ETS-1 oncogene. The detection of point mutations correlated with diseases is currently performed by digestion of PCR products (PCR/RFLP) by using restriction endonucleases. It has been described here a method based modified on primers during the PCR, and using some restriction endonucleases (AatI, BanI, BanII, DraI, DraIII, EaeI, PstI and SacII) which create a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) indicative of the studied mutation. The present study used the electromagnetic fields (4.5 Hz); PCR/RFLPs technique was selected as a biomarker to evaluate the effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields in implanted Ehrlich tumor of female BALB/C mice. Eighty mice were used and divided into four groups (20 each); normal, exposed (exposed to 4.5 Hz), infected (normal infected by Ehrlich tumor) and infected exposed (infected exposed to 4.5 Hz). DNA genome was extracted and ETS-1 oncogene detected (~4460 bp). AatI, BanII and EaeI restriction endonucleases did not differentiate between the PCR products (ETS-1 genes) of the four groups (normal, exposed, infected and infected exposed mice groups). DraIII, SacII, PstI, BanI and DraI differentiated between the four groups. The results proved that the electromagnetic fields could treat the tumor and PCR\RFLPs were able to be a useful diagnostic technique.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
155
168
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18040_a3e5e645f73925525a8c4fc342f520f9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18040
Impact of Hepatitis C Virus Infection on Kidney Transplantation
Yasser
Soliman
Internal Medicine and Nephrology Department, Ain Shams University.
author
text
article
2006
eng
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection increases morbimortality in renal transplantation. Hepatitis C virus positive kidney transplant candidates who remain on the waiting list show a greater risk of mortality than those who are transplanted. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of HCV infection on patient and allograft survival after kidney transplantation. Eighty two patients with end stage renal disease underwent kidney transplantation were included in this study. The patients were classified into group I including 46 HCV negative patients (HCV-) and group II including 36 HCV antibody and HCV-RNA positive patients (HCV+). The immunosuppressive protocols were similar in both groups. All recipients were followed up for 3years.Results: There were statistically insignificant differences (P>0.05) between both groups as regard age, gender and donor type (living related or unrelated). Hemodialysis duration before transplantation was highly significant (P< 0.01) longer among HCV+ group (4.9± 3.7 years) compared to HCV- patients (2.4± 4.3 years).One patient died from each group showing insignificant difference (P>0.05); 2 grafts (4.3%) lost in HCV- group and 3 (8.3%) in HCV+ group with also insignificant difference (P>0.05). Five recipients (10.9%) in group I experienced delayed graft function compared to 2 (5.6%) recipients in group II with statistically insignificant difference. There was a significantly (P< 0.05) more number of acute rejection episodes among HCV+ patients (11=30.6%) than HCV- patients (5=10.9%).New onset diabetes mellitus occurred more among HCV+ (19.4%) than HCV- (8.7%) recipients, however the difference was insignificant. There was a significant (P<0.05) higher incidence of cytomegalovirus disease among HCV+ (11.1%) than HCV- (2.2%) recipients. Conclusion: This study suggested that HCV positivity does not significantly affect patient and graft survival despite the significant increased incidence of acute rejection episodes and cytomegalovirus disease. Lastly, all measures should be taken to prevent HCV transmission in dialysis population.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
168
173
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18041_1495bdbf7d449c542703b716fefc8c68.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18041
The Formation of Tetracycline in Date Medium by Mutants of Streptomyces aureofaciens Induced by Nitrosogiuanidine.
E. S.
Ahmed
Department of Cell Biology, National Research Center. Cairo, Egypt.
author
Z. W.
Sharawi
Department of Biology. Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
author
text
article
2006
eng
The present study deals with the genotoxicity of Nitrosoguanidine (N.T.G.) - a chemical mutagen- which was employed to induce auxotrophic mutations in the haploid wild type of bacteria Streptomyces aureofaciens strain NCIMB 8234.
An increase in exposure time to the mutagen and dose of this mutagen led to a decrease in the survival percentage and increase in the percentage of mutation. The mutants were cultured in synthetic date fermentation medium, which contained Barni date-coat sugar extract as a carbon source. The following parameters were determined: final pH, medium quantity, and microbial cell biomass. All of the five mutants produced less antibiotic titers than the initial organism this was noticed after measuring the inhibition zone of each created for Staphylococcus aureus as a gram-positive pathogenic bacterium and Escherichia coli as a gram- negative pathogenic bacterium.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
174
187
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18042_6096b69ab6a3dfe6fd3ea709b7378aef.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18042
Efficacy of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Second Degree of Burn Wound of Forearm
Wafaa
Borhan
Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University
author
Maher
El Kebelawy
Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University
author
AshrafEI
Sebaie
Department of surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University.
author
text
article
2006
eng
The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on second degree bum wound healing of the forearm. Thirty patients included in this study (eighteen males and twelve females). All were suffering from deep second degree flame bum in the forearm, their age ranged from thirty to forty years. The total burned surface area was 15- 25%. They were randomly classified into two equal groups. The first group (15 patients) treated by the Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) plus traditional conservative treatment, while the second group, sea level air-breathing equivelent control group 15 patients received placebo HBOT plus traditional conservative treatment. Assessment of the wound surface area was performed before starting the study and after 15 days by using the metric graph paper and computerized planimetry linked to summagraphic digitizer system .Procedure started 48 hrs post bum. The program was conducted at Naser Institute; oxygen was supplied 100% O2 at 2.4 Atmospheric Absolute (ATA) for two hours during each treatment period. Treatment was given on four consecutive days each week for two weeks. The results of this study showed significant decrease of the wound surface area in the treatment group (43.6%) than the control group (18.91 %), reflecting efficacy of HBOT in healing process. It was concluded that, HBOT seems effective in accelerating the healing rate and shortening of hospitalization time
on second degree bum wound of the forearm .
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
22
v.
1
no.
2006
183
189
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18043_455fc24bd8f3be8f659490864e8508ba.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2006.18043