BIRADS 3 Breast Lesions: Can Follow-up Replace Biopsy
Dina H
Salamaa
Lecturer of Radiodiagnosis, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology,
Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Hanan
Gewefelb
Lecturer of Radiographic Imaging Technology , Faculty of Applied Medical Science,
Misr University for Science Technology, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2014
eng
Objective: To compare the two years follow-up versus biopsy in probably benign breastlesions (BIRADS3 category) with assessment of the malignancy potential in both conditions.
Patients and Methods: This is a comparative descriptive record survey where records of all BIRADS 3 patients (number=575) who were admitted to the Women and Fetal Imaging (WAFI) center in Cairo-Egypt during the period from January 2007 to December 2010 were traced, however, only 464 were finally included and divided into: Group A (number = 395), those who were subjected to follow up protocol and Group B (number = 69), who underwent biopsy.
Results: 85.1%of the cases underwent the two years follow up by mammography and ultrasonography through periodic imaging surveillance (group A), while 14.9% underwent biopsy and were allocated as (group B). Among the follow up cases 98.48%weretrue negative (benign cases) and six cases (1.52%) were upgraded in their follow up visits and were confirmed malignant by histopathology. In group (B) 97.1% were true negative while 2 cases (2.9%) were confirmed malignant (false negative).No significant difference between both groups as regards false negative results (p=0.339). When we investigated all false negative cases (cases proved malignant) in both groups, positive family history was the only variable that counts and favoring the malignant suspicion in all cases but other parameters like irregular lesions, subtle asymmetry, calcified masses, focal distortion and parenchymal disruption may direct the radiologists and physicians, to proceed to biopsy.
Conclusion: In BIRADS 3 breast lesions interpreted by experienced radiologists and surgeons especially in absence of the parameters favoring malignancy, short term follow up can confidently replace biopsy.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
1
10
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15812_ef7a9fbc01b9296e4a33b1b1465b7a3c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002424
Relation between Zinc Level and One Year Mortality among Elderly Patients with Heart Failure
Nora Abdel-Khalek
Abdel-Salam
Geriatric Medicine Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
author
Walaa Wessam
Aly
Geriatric Medicine Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
author
Sarah Ahmed
Hamza
Geriatric Medicine Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
author
Ahmed Kamel
Mortagy
Geriatric Medicine Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
author
Hossam Mosfata
Fahmy
Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background: Zinc (Zn) deficiency in endothelial cells potentiates the inflammatory response mediated by certain lipids and cytokines, possibly via mechanisms associated with increased cellular oxidative stress.
Objectives: To assess the relation between zinc level and one year mortality among elderly patients with heart failure.
Patients and Methods: Serum zinc level was measured in 100 elderly patients with heart failure diagnosed by Criteria of New York Heart Association (NYHA). Patients were followed by telephone for one year to assess relation between Zinc level and one year mortality among elderly patients with heart failure. Results: Higher mortality percentage was found among patients with high level of zinc but there was no statistical significant difference. (P-value >0.05). And non significant relation was found between mean level of zinc and mortality, between age and Zn, and between Ejection Fraction (EF) and Zn. Zn level was lower among patients with EF >45 but the difference was not significant (P-value >0.05). Conclusion: Patients who had high level of zinc had greater risk for mortality. Zn level was lower among patients with EF >45 but the difference was not significant and the least mean of zinc was among patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
11
14
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15813_7f96c513686b77a2bedebe0b29ad4138.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002425
Prevalence of Functional Impairment among Frail Elderly
Moatassem S
Amer
Geriatrics and Gerontology department , Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt
author
Tamer M
Farid
Geriatrics and Gerontology department , Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt
author
Mohamed
ShKhater
Geriatrics and Gerontology department , Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt
author
Noha M
Farag
Geriatrics and Gerontology department , Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt
author
Randa A
Mabrouk
Clinical Pathology department Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt
author
Tarek Kh
Abdel Dayem
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain shams university, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background
Frailty is a state of vulnerability describes a syndrome characterized by progressive multi system decline, loss of physiologic reserve, and increase vulnerability to disease and death. Frailty has emerged as a condition associated with an increased risk of functional decline among the elderly population, which may be differentiated from aging, disability, and comorbidity.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of functional impairment and cognitive functions among frail elderly.
Methods:We examined104 frail elderly. Frailty criteria included unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, weakness, low physical activity, and slow walking speed. physical function was assessed using Activities of daily living (ADL) and Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
Results:The mean age of the studied population was 69 years, 53.85% were males, 46.15% were females, the majority of our participants were illiterates (89.4%), and were living with family (84.62%), only 6.73% were smokers. 36.5% of frail participants were assisted in activity of daily living (ADL) and 7.7% were dependents, while 63.5% were assisted in instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) and 8.7% were dependents; the sample participants in general had borderline scores for MMSE, indicating a cognitive performance in the lower normal range.
Conclusions
Frail elderly had low normal score on MMSE, and high prevalence of functional impairment.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
15
19
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15814_e46c59027d1cf77e2b20c199e89400f4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002426
Effect of Cholesterol lowering Agent (Lipolax) on Some Physiological Parameters in Some Infertile Obese PCOS Egyptian Women Undergoing ICSI
Samia M.
Abd El-Wahab
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls)
author
Eman G.E.
Helal
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls)
author
Aziza M. Aly
Mansour
International Islamic Center for Population Studies and Research, Al-Azhar University
author
Mervat M.
Mahmood
International Islamic Center for Population Studies and Research, Al-Azhar University
author
Amira B.
Mehaney
International Islamic Center for Population Studies and Research, Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background: Infertile obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy affecting women and characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation with either oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea and hyperandrogenism, and its morbidity may include hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance. Lipolax was used to enhance the ovulation response especially when beginning the intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) protocol. This study aimed to enhance the sexual hormones, lipid profile, ovulation response and pregnancy outcome in infertile obese PCOS women's treated with Lipolax drug (fenofibrate) before undergoing to ICSI.
Setting: This study was conducted in International Islamic Center for Population Studies and Research-Assisted Reproduction Unit, Al-Azhar University during the period between 2009 and 2011.
Patients and Methods: A total number of 75 infertile patients with obese PCOS were randomized to receive oral Lipolax (fenofibrate) for three months before undergoing to ICSI. For each patient FBS and Hb, hormonal profile included FSH, LH, FSH/LH ratio, E2, PRL and lipid profile evaluation were performed at baseline and after 3 months of treatment.
Results: There was a significant decrease in the FBS, in cases treated with Lipolax when compared with control or obese PCOS, no significant differences were noticed in the level of Hb% in both groups. Total lipids, triglycerides and total cholesterol decreased significantly compared with obese PCOS group. Significant decrease was also observed in respect to LDL in cases of Lipolax treated group than cases of obese PCOS, significant increase in the level of HDL was recorded. A significant enhance was detected in increase FSH hormone level and decrease LH, FSH/LH ratio and E2 hormonal level after Lipolax treatment, no difference was observed in prolactin hormonal profile. Observed improvement was detected in the number of HMG ampoules, mature oocytes, and number of grade A embryos and also in pregnancy outcome.
Conclusion: Lipolax (lowering cholesterol agent) improving the response in obese PCOS women undergoing ICSI, by enhance their resistance sensitivity in transadipose tissue leads to improve the function of gonads and sexual hormones and lipids profile which leads to decreased total cost of ICSI by lowering the number of stimulation ampoules and increase mature collected oocytes and finally the percent of successful pregnancy rate.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
20
30
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15815_4d67b18cf60dfabaa3de3080a0780bcc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002427
Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis X Presented with Bilateral Pneumothorax: A Case Report
Majed
Al-Mourgi
College of Medicine, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background: The report describes the case of a 20-year-old Saudi male patient with Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis X (PLCH). He presented with bilateral chest pain of few hours duration starting first on the right side. The patient had also dyspnea and non productive cough. The patient was heavy smoker for 6 years. General examination revealed that the patient had tachypnea but he was hemodynamically stable. Chest examination showed bilateral distant breath sounds but no hyperresonance. Chest x-rays revealed bilateral pneumothorax and high resolution CT scan of the chest revealed multiple bilateral pulmonary cysts. Oxygen is given to the patient and bilateral chest tubes were applied. Video assisted thoracic surgery was performed in 2 sessions with one week interval to resect the dominant blebs and to perform pleurodesis. The final histopathological diagnosis was pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis X. Follow-up for more than 5 years revealed no recurrence. Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis X is a rare disease and may present by spontaneous pneumothorax, so, high index of suspicion is required in heavy smoker young males to diagnose the condition and to perform pleurodesis preventing recurrence of the pneumothorax which is expected to be high in PLCH
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
31
35
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15816_c82cc11735d3f5c54013ee1b9fb85d01.pdf
dx.doi.org/ 10.12816/0002428
Adult Neuroblastoma: A Case Report
Majed
Al-Mourgi
College of Med Al-Mourgiicine, Department of Surgery Taif University, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2014
eng
Adult Neuroblastomas are rare tumors and pelvic type represents less than 5% of these tumors. Here, I will report the case of 38-year old Saudi female patient with adult pelvic neuroblastoma.
Results: the patient presented to the outpatient clinic with lower abdominal discomfort and distension for 6 months duration. Examination revealed large pelviabdominal mass of limited mobility. Laboratory findings were within normal, however, CT scan and MRI, revealed retroperitoneal tumor shifting the pelvic organs anteriorly and to the right. The tumor was resected completely through anterior midline approach. Pathological diagnosis revealed that the tumor was a neuroblastoma. The patient received 6 courses of chemotherapy and follow up for more than 6 years revealed no recurrence or metastasis. Though the outcome of adult neuroblastoma is poor, complete surgical resection with postoperative chemotherapy may improve the survival; however, a long-term evaluation of adult neuroblastoma is mandatory.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
36
40
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15817_ae9e5514fa13d14fcfe7fcbeae340e54.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002429
Analysis of Circulating Heamocytes from Biomphalaria Alexandrina Following Schistosoma Mansoni Infection Using Flow Cytometry
Eman G.
Helal
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls)
author
Shadia M.
El- Dafrawy
Department of Medical Malacology
author
Amira H.
Mohamed
Electron Microscopy
author
Basma M.
Abou-El-Nour
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls)
author
Hoda M.
Abu Taleb
Environment Theodor Bilharz Research Institute
author
Samah
Ibrahim
Department of Medical Malacology
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background: The internal defense system of snails consists of both cellular and humoral components. Circulating haemocytes are the principle line of cellular defense. The susceptibility of fresh water snails of genus Biomphalaria to infection by Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni)is linked to the haemocytes present in the haemolymph. While the humoral component includes lysosomal enzymes, that helps in recognition of pathogens and parasites.
Material and Methods: In the present work, Biomphalaria alexandrina (B. alexandrina),snails were exposed individually to S. mansoni infection; according to their response they were classified into susceptible group (shed cercariae) and resistant group (failed to shed cercariae). Snails not exposed to infection were considered as control group. Flow cytometric analysis was carried out for detecting apoptosis of B. alexandrina haemocytes isolated from pooled haemolymph and tissue.
Results: This study is used to discriminate and count the percentage of viable, apoptotic, necrotic, and dead cells in haemolymph of all studied groups. Comparing to control group, we observed that viable cells were the most common cells that significantly decreased in both infected and non-infected groups (P<0.001, P<0.01 respectively), and showed significant decrease in infected in comparison with non-infected group (P<0.01). The haemolymph in infected group showed that dead cells were the most common cells (more than the viable, apoptotic and necrotic cells). At the same time, the apoptotic cells showed decrease in the condensation and de- condensation of DNA. This means failure to restore DNA.
Conclusions: There was a significant variation in the number of the cells between susceptible and resistant snails. In susceptible snailsthe defense process failed, this was confirmed with increase of the dead cells in the infected haemolymph. While in resistant snails the viable spreading cells described as immunological active, are predominantly found in the haemolymph and tissue.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
41
53
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15818_f64905f7030f0eab202cabbb5d10702b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002430
Serum Low Density Lipoprotein and Serum High Sensitive C - Reactive Protein as a Diagnostic Markers for Acute Coronary Syndrome
Samia A. Sadek
Elsbai
Departments of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine (Girls)
author
Zeinab H.
EL-sayed
Departments of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine (Girls)
author
Karima Y.
Ahmed
Departments of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine (Girls)
author
Naglaa S.
El-Kholy
Departments of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine (Girls)
author
Nagwa A. Ghaffar
Mohamed
Departments of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, National Research Center Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains the major cause of mortality and morbidity in the worldwide. Low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) level is a major risk factor for the development of ACS, and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a multi-step disease and characterized by chronic low-grade vascular inflammation, which plays a role in its every stage from onset, progression and finally to plaque rupture then triggers ACS. Elevation of high Sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a strong and independent predictor of cardiovascular disease.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the role of serum LDL-C and serum hs-CRP in patients with ACS.
Patients and Method: The current study enrolled 45 patients with confirmed ACS and 30 apparently healthy persons of matching age and sex as control group. The patients were subdivided into three subgroups each one included 15 patients: Subgroup A: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Sub-group B: Non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), Subgroup C: Unstable angina pectoris (UAP). All patients and control groups were subjected to measurement of low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol, triglyceride, highly sensitive CRP (hs-CRP), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and creatine kinase-MB fraction (CK-MB), electrocardiography (ECG) and trans-thoracic-echocardiography.
Results: There was highly significant increase of serum LDL-C and serum hs-CRP in group I as compared to group II (P=0.001) and significant increase of serum LDL-C ((P<0.05) and highly significant increase of serum hs-CRP (P=0.01) in STEMI and NSTEMI subgroups when compared to UAP subgroup and highly significant increase of serum LDL-C (P=0.005) and serum hs-CRP(P=0.003) in UAP sub-group when compared to group II .There was also, a positive significant correlation between serum LDL-C and both serum CK-MB and serum hs-CRP in all subgroups.
Conclusion: Elevated serum LDL and hs-CRP may serve as markers of the severity of the disease which help evaluation and management of ACS patients.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
54
61
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15819_05e493e0bc1baff98a50b2f455c76844.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002431
AStudy on APO B100/APO A1 Ratio as A Predictive Parameter for Assessmentof CAD Risk in Uncontrolled Type 2 Egyptian Diabetic Patients
Magdy I.
Aboelela
Medical Sciences Department, Biochemistry - Faculty of Dentistry - Sinai University
author
Afaf D.
Abd Elmajeed
BiochemistryDepartment - Faculty of vet. Medicine -Benha University.
author
Hussein
Abd Elmaksoud
BiochemistryDepartment - Faculty of vet. Medicine -Benha University.
author
Ahmed A.
Sayed
Clinical Pathology Department - Faculty of Medicine - Al-AzharUniversity
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background: this study was undertaken to study the biochemical effects of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins on uncontrolled Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to study if Apo B100/Apo A1 ratio can be used as a predictive factor for assessment of CAD risk in this patients.
Patients & Methods: this study was carried out on a group of 60 patients; 20 were non diabetic controls and 40 diabetic patients, who were subdivided into : controlled type 2 diabetic patients (Group I) and uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients (Group II), based on their glycated hemoglobin level. Levels of triacylglycerols or triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, Apolipoprotein A1 and Apolipoprotein B100, in addition to fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were estimated,and also, levels of LDL-C were calculated by Friedewald’s formula in all studied cases. Blood samples were collected after an overnight fasting of 10-12 hours, and divided into two parts, the 1st for separation of serum and the 2nd collected in an EDTA-containing tube for HbA1c determination. Results: the obtained results revealed that, levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C and Apo B100 were comparable with no statistical significance between uncontrolled type 2 diadetic patients (group II) with controlled type 2 diabetic patients (group I) and control group.While, a highly significant increase in triacylglycerols levels in group II compared to group I and control group. In contrast, a highly significant decrease in HDL-C and Apo A1 levels in group II compared to group I and control group. Highly significant increase in Apo B100/Apo A1 ratio in group II compared to group I, and a significant increase compared to control group, while it was comparable with no statistical significance in group I compared to control group.
Conclusion: this study showed that there was an adverse effect of prolonged hyperglycemia on the apolipoproteins in diabetic patients which is associated with dyslipidemia, good glycemic control is able to make an improvement on this dyslipidemia. Apo B100/Apo A1 ratio can be used as a predictive parameter for assessment of CAD risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
62
70
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15820_29e987ee9f5d1b5002d18d9f2f1366eb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002432
New Insights in the Roadmap of Liver Fibrosis Pathogenesis
Eman
El-Ahwany
Immunology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute
author
Mona
Zoheiry
Immunology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute
author
text
article
2014
eng
Liver fibrosis is a wound healing scar response following acute and chronic liver diseases including chronic hepatitis B and C, autoimmune hepatitis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and alcoholic liver disease. The patho-histological findings of liver cirrhosis, the end-stage of liver fibrosis, show hepatocellular death, a lobular inflammatory cell infiltrate, excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and the appearance of regenerative nodules that may result in liver failure, portal hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma.
The pathophysiology of liver injury has attracted the interest of experimentalists and clinicians over many centuries. With the discovery of liver- HSC, the insight into the cellular and molecular pathobiology of liver fibrosis has evolved and the pivotal role of Hepatic Stellate cell (HSC) as a precursor cell-type for ECM–producing myofibroblasts has been established.. Although activation and trans-differentiation of HSC to myofibroblasts (MFs) is still regarded as the pathogenetic key mechanism of fibrogenesis, recent studies point to a prominent heterogeneity of the origin of myofibroblasts .
The newly discovered pathways supplement the concept of HSC activation to myofibroblasts (MFs), point to fibrosis as a systemic response involving extrahepatic organs (lung and kidney) and reactions, and offer innovative approaches for the development of non-invasive biomarkers and anti-fibrotic agents.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
71
87
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15821_c6c690c81cd80d1a51faee75ffbb133a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002433
Adipokines in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Mohamed
Al Saeed
Department of Surgery, Taif University
author
Sahar M
Al Nefaie
Department of Surgery, Taif University
author
Nihad
Al Nashar
Department of Pathology, Taif University
author
Hala A
Mohamed
Department of Pathology, Taif University
author
Mohamed
Ahmed
Department of Medicine, Taif University
author
Nesreen
Al Margushi
Department of Medicine, Taif University
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background and aim of the study: Leptin, resistin and adiponectin are the most important adipokines which are influenced by body fat status, and their levels are closely related to vascular dysfunction. This study aimed to estimate the concentration of serum adiponectin and leptin in type 1 diabetic children and to find their relationship to body mass index (BMI) and microvascular complications.
Material and method: Weight (kg), height (m), BMI (kg/ m2) , random blood sugar, mean HbA1c, urinary microalbuminurea, serum adiponectin and leptin concentration were assessed in 60 children (34 males, 26 females) with type 1 diabetes and 60 healthy control children. Medical history, clinical examination, anthropometric and pubertal assessment were done for the patients and controls. The diabetic patients were classified depending on the pubertal stage into pre-pubertal group and pubertal group, and according to gender into male group and female group.
Results: The results obtained showed significantly elevated of random blood glucose, HbA1c (p<0.001), total cholesterol & low density lipoprotein (LD-L) (p<0.05), BUN (p<0.001), creatinine (p<0.05), urinary microalbuminurea (p<0.001), serum adiponectin and leptin values (p<0.001) in type 1 diabetes children than control. In patients suffering from microvascular diabetic complications as nephropathy and neuropathy, serum adiponectin and leptin levels showed highly significant increase. The level of both adipokines was significantly increased with the increase in body mass index (BMI).
Conclusion: Serum adiponectin and leptin concentrations increase significantly in diabetic children especially in those with increase in body mass index (BMI), than healthy control and in females than males; puberty has no significant effect on their levels. Increase serum adiponectin and leptin concentrations were associated with impairment of renal functions and neuropathy and they can be used as marker for these complications.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
88
93
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15822_81865a42ac3aadeee76a62c669e83cc3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002434
Axillary Nerve Conduction Study in Paretic Limbs of Patients with Cerebrovascular Stroke
Fahmy Emam Fahmy
Emam
Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Medicine for Girls
author
Sobhia Ali
Mahmoud
Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Medicine for Girls
author
Ahmed Fathy Mohammed
Genedy
Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Director of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Centre for Armed Forces at El-Agouza
author
Eman
Rageh
Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Medicine for Girls
author
text
article
2014
eng
To study the axillary nerve injury after shoulder sublaxtion in patients of stroke. Methods: All eligible and consenting patients of stroke (underwent) electrophysiology studies of both axillary nerve. The parameters include measurement of neuropathy motor latancy, CMAP (compound muscle action potential) &SNAP (sensory nerve action potential) and the conduction velocity. This study included 33 patients with cerebrovascular stroke who were refered to the Physical medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation department at Al-Zahraa University hospital between 1st April and 31st December 2012. They were 23 males and 10 females, their ages ranged from 27 to 72 years. The paretic limbs of the patients included were classified as case limbs, while the non-paretic limbs were classified as controls. Results: Axillary nerve latency and amplitude were high significant in shoulder subluxation in the hemiparaetic side in comparison with control significant. Conclusion: There is lower motor neuron axillary nerve in stroke patients, mixed type (demylinated and axonal), the incidence of axillary nerve lesion is mostly with stroke shoulder subluxation .
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
94
100
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15823_76727c3033dbedc936d64fcace6499cd.pdf
dx.doi.org/ 10.12816/0002435
Efficacy of Aqueous Extract of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in Modulating Radiation-Induced Brain and Eye Retina Damage in Rats
Abd El-Azime
A. Sh
Radiation Biology Departmen National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority(AEA) , Cairo, Egypt.
author
Sherif
N.H.
Drug radiation research Department National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority(AEA) , Cairo, Egypt.
author
Eltahawy
N. A
Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Misr University for Science and Technology
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background: Saffron (Crocus sativusL.)is a plant of the iris family (Iridaceae). Its stigma contains crocin, anthocyanin, carotene and lycopene which are known to have pharmacological effects on various illnesses. The aim of present study was to investigate the role of aqueous extract of saffron on the radiation-induced changes in rat (eye retina, brain) tissues and blood. Material & methods: Saffron was supplemented orally, via gavages to rats at dose of 100 mg/Kg body wt/day for 2 weeks pre-exposure to 6.5 Gy (one shot dose) of whole body gamma-irradiation. Animals were sacrificed at the 1st day post radiation exposure.
Results: whole body gamma irradiation of rats induce oxidative stress in eye retina and brain tissues and blood identified by significant elevation in the level of malondialdhyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and protein carbonyl(PC) contents associated with significant decreases of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) activities, and glutathione (GSH) content. Oxidative stress was concomitant with a significant decrease in brain dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) contents. Supplemented with Saffron extract pre- irradiation have significantly reduced the severity of radiation-induced oxidative stress and catecholamines alteration in the organs under investigations.
Conclusion: Saffron exerts its modulating effect in the organs under investigations due to the presence of associated bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
101
108
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15824_e89d1303ca7aa4be68d60d768ac59a0c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0002436
Influence of Tropaeolum majus Leaves Extract in Ameliorating Damage Induced by Gamma Radiation in Rats
N.H.
Sherif
Drug and Radiation Research Dept., National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT) P.O. Box: 29, Nasr City, Egypt.
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background:Medicinal plants were commonly used in primary health care.They can ameliorate the action of oxidative stress and free radical-induced damage. The present studywas proposed to investigate the possible hepatoprotective role of hydroethanolic extract of Tropaeolum majus leaves (HETM), in modulating the toxicity and the oxidative stress induced by exposure to gamma radiation (IR) in the liver of male rats.
Material &methods: HETM (300 mg/kg body weight) was administered to male albino rats via gavages during 21 successive days before whole body exposure to gamma rays (6 Gy) and during 7 days after irradiation. The animals were sacrificed on the 7th day post-irradiation. Results:the exposure to gamma-radiation caused liver dysfunction manifested by significant (p<0.05) increases in the plasma level of the alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total cholesterol, low densitylipoprotein (LDL-C) and triglycerides. Moreover, IR induced oxidative stress as indicated by a significant increase in the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) with a concomitant decrease in the reduced glutathione (GSH) content as well as in the activity of superoxide dismutase, (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver tissue. Pretreatment with HETM in IR-treated rats alleviated the previously mentioned alterations in the biochemical and oxidative stress parameters and restored their values toward the normal value of the control group.
Conclusion: hydroethanolic extract of T.majus leaves by its bioactive components and essential trace elements content might attenuate the severity of radiation-induced biochemical disorders in liver tissues.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
109
116
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15825_283d0ac9aac7d261c54c39de1ed8b513.pdf
dx.doi.org/ 10.12816/0002437
Effect of Diclofenac on Plasma Glucose level, Insulin Resistance, Inflammatory Markers and Hepatocytes in Diabetic Albino Rats
Ashraf M.
Mostafa
Anatomy and Histology Department,College of Medicine, Taif University, KSA
author
Waleed S.
Mohamed
Internal Medicine Department
College of Medicine, Taif University, KSA.
author
Abdel Hamid A.
Serwah
Internal Medicine Department
College of Medicine, Taif University, KSA.
author
Mohamed A.
Serwah
Internal Medicine Department
College of Medicine, Taif University, KSA.
author
text
article
2014
eng
Background and aim of the study: diabetes wasproposed to be an inflammatory disease. Growing evidence has pointed to a correlation between various proinflammatory cytokines, insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on one hundred Albino rats, distributed into four groups. Group I: control group, Group II: diabetic rats with no treatment, Group III: diabetic rats treated with Glipenclamid and Group IV: diabetic rats treated with Diclofenac sodium. Blood samples were taken and the following biochemical parameters were done: fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), serum Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), serum protein, serum albumin, serum triglyceride (TGs), serum cholesterol level (TC), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP). HOMA IR and HOMA B were calculated. Liver samples from all rats were obtained and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Masson's trichrome and Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) for histological examination.
Results: Declofenac caused significant lowering in FBG, lipid profile, TNF-α level, CRP, increased insulin secretion with improved IR and beta cell function compared to the diabetic group. There was a positive correlation between HOMA-IR and CRP; HOMA-IR and serum TNF-α. Liver of diabetic rats showed periportal fibrosis, vacuolated cytoplasm and nuclei and glycogen deposition. These changes improved markedly in Glibenclamide treated groups while liver of Declofenac treated group revealed parenchymal cell necrosis, sinusoidal dilatation with some pyknotic nuclei and marked glycogen deposition.
Conclusions: inflammatory pathways may play an important part in IR of T2DM. Therefore, antinflammatory drugs may have a role in diabetes therapy through improving IR because of its insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
54
v.
1
no.
2014
117
128
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15826_b8b688f6b9edbd22268e4694fcb218b4.pdf
dx.doi.org/ 10.12816/0002438