Evaluation of Preservative Capacity for Some Selected Cosmetic Products Found in the Market
El-Bazza
Z. E
Drug and Radiation Research Dept., National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
author
Shafik
M.A
Drug and Radiation Research Dept., National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
author
Abdulall
A. K
Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
Faculty of pharmacy (girls), AL Azhar University, Egypt.
author
Afifi .
S. S
Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
Faculty of pharmacy (girls), AL Azhar University, Egypt.
author
text
article
2016
eng
Aim of the study: To determine the preservative capacity of different cosmetic preparations commonly found in the Egyptian markets.
Methods:Microbiological evaluation of 74 cosmetic sample and preservative capacity test for cosmetic samples showing no microbial contamination using rejecting microorganisms by cup plate technique.
Results: It was found that 29 samples were contaminated at levels >103 or >500 (for baby care products) or contaminated with rejecting microorganisms or both. The preservative capacity was variable between the different types and brands of the tested cosmetics against bacteria (P<0.05), while for Candida albicans all samples of the different cosmetic types were of nearly the same effect (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The detection of microbial counts greater than the microbial limits standards and isolation of rejecting microorganisms are clear evidences of non-adherence to good Manufacturing Practices. Variable preservative capacity in some cosmetics may indicate its ability to withstand microbial contamination which leads to spoilage of these cosmetics.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
258
266
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15139_c70791fb0e5ec46d471c7892f0919628.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029018
Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Anemic and Non-anemic Children in Helwan, Egypt: Impact on Blood Cell Parameters
Gamal M.
Elnemr
Medical and Radiological Researches Department, Researches Sector, Nuclear Materials Authority, Egypt.
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Helicobacter (H.) pylori is the most common chronic bacterial infection of humans; affecting ~50% of the world’s population. It is the cause of disease states of varying degrees of severity. Anemia is a widespread public health problem; ~50% of cases are diagnosed as iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Recent studies have suggested an association between H. pylori infection and IDA in children. Aims of the work: this study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in children with and without IDA diagnosis and also to determine effects of the bacterium on complete blood count parameters of those children. Subjects and Methods: a case-control (retrospective) study design was chosen to conduct this research. The prevalence of H. pylori antibody (Ab) seropositivity was compared between 50 children diagnosed with IDA vs. 50 non-anemic control children matching in age and sex. Results: a total of 18 (36%) anemic and 10 (20%) non-anemic children were found positive to H. pylori Ab (P=0.0013). Also, comparison of the anemic to the control group revealed statistically significant lowering of ferritin, and red blood cell (RBC) parameters (i.e., hemoglobin, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin), and also platelet count in the anemic group. Moreover, comparison of H. pylori positive and negative anemic children revealed statistically significant lowering of RBC parameters in the H. pylori positive anemic children. Also, comparison of H. pylori positive and negative children revealed statistically significant lowering of RBC parameters in H. pylori positive children. In addition, correlation of H. pylori with all other parameters revealed negative significant correlation between H. pylori and RBC parameters. Conclusions: H. pylori infection had a higher prevalence among preschool children with IDA and the hematological impact was more on H. pylori positive anemic children. Recommendations: both IDA and H. pylori are treatable diseases, so children having IDA must be investigated for H. pylori infection for early treatment to avoid serious complications of both diseases.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
267
276
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15140_b479062c05d5248aecbe9a208de54821.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029019
Assessment of the Potential role of Hesperidin as an Antioxidant on the Carbon Tetrachloride -Induced Kidney Damage in Rats
Ali
Abd Alsalam
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
author
Fathy M.
Elshaer
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Hamdi Abdou
Mansour
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo Egypt
author
text
article
2016
eng
Aim of the work-The present work aimed to investigate the ability of Hesperidine (HDN) as an antioxidant to retard development of renal toxicity induced by CCL4 in rat. Hesperidin (HDN), a citrus bioflavonoid, decreases the oxidative stress produced by carbon tetrachloride in rat kidney. Exposure to CCl4 induces acute and chronic renal injuries. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of hesperidin, on rat kidney damaged by CCl4. Material and methods- Animals were divided into five groups pretreated with hesperidin (HDN) (100 and 200 mg/kg orally) for 10 days and then challenged with CCl4 (2 ml/kg/s.c.) of in olive oil subcutaneously. Rats were sacrificed by carotid bleeding under ether anesthesia. Results: The present results showed that the antioxidant properties of hesperidine might be the main factor responsible for its strong protective action on CCl4-induced nephrotoxicity. Conclusion- This study proved that hesperidin has a protective effect on the renal tissue of rat and the degree of improvement varies in intensity according the dose of Hesperidin
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
277
286
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15141_4281e11f3f4058ba9bb22abf634bab6c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029020
The Role of Vitamin D during Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Its Relation to CYP 27 B1-1260 Promoter Polymorphism
Saadia
Farid
Department Of Tropical Medicine National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute and
Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University
author
Laila
Rashed
Department O fBiochemistry National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute and
Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University
author
Samya
Sweilam
Department Of Medical BiochemistryNational Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute and
Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Objective: vitamin D is a potent immunomodulator. A number of genetic polymorphisms in the vitamin D pathway have been shown to affect vitamin D signaling, and stratification according to such polymorphisms has already being implemented in randomized controlled clinical intervention studies.
Aim of the work: the study was attempted to examine whether vitamin D improved viral response and predicted treatment outcome in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (CHCV) infection.
Patients and methods: ninety two patients with CHCV, whose age ranged between 20 and 56 years, were selected from the National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute were included in this study, before and after the treatment with pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN), ribavirin (RBV) and vitamin D supplementation drops; 2000 IU/day, 10 drops/day, six patients whom received identical therapy without vitamin D were included to serve as controls. All the patients had body mass index (BMI) ≤ 30, were subjected to the following: history, clinical examination, abdominal ultrasonography and collection of blood samples for routine laboratory investigations. CBCs and analysis of the expression of CYP 27 B1-1260 gene, vitamin D receptor (VDR), and the levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D before and after chronic hepatitis C virus treatment.
Results: the treatment group with vitamin D had BMI ≤ 30 and high viral load 90900004.00 IU/ML, (P= 0.098). Sixty three percent of treated patients were HCV RNA negative at 48 weeks after treatment (SVR). Baseline serum vitamin D level was 8.5 minimum, mean level (32.9 ± 27 ng/mL). It increased after 48 wk vit D treatment, to a mean level of (54.9 ± 38 ng/mL). VDR show highly significant difference between patients and controls as regarding Ff=55.4% for patients (P=0.01), and 66.7% ff for the controls (P=0.006) alleles. CYP27B1 show non significant relation between patients and controls, with CYP27B1 genotype frequencies of the promoter polymorphism CC = 51.1% for patients, 66.7% for the control group, C allele frequency 69% for the patients, 83.3% for the controls, AC 35.9% for the patients, 33.3% for the controls. The majority of cases had A1F1 and A1F2 biopsy results.
Conclusion: our study suggests a role of vitamin D in the response to treatment of chronic HCV patients. However, serum concentration is not a suitable predictor of treatment outcome. VDR had a predictive positive treatment outcome. CYP27B1-1260 was found to be an independent predictor of sustained virologic response (SVR).
Recommendations: The level of recommended supplementation of vitamin D depends on the patient’s individual deficiency, although 2000 IU daily is a common dose. Patients taking vitamin D supplements should have serum measurements made after starting therapy to determine whether they are reaching target levels.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
287
303
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15142_073940cc05345ca5ab6b3df1c7f09634.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029021
Diagnosis of Echinococcosis (Hydatidosis) Using Dot-ELISA
Ramadan
M. M.
Biological and Geological Sinces Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University
author
El-Ameer
A. M
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University
author
Shalash
I. R
Theodore Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
author
Taki-El-Deen
F. M. A
Biological and Geological Sinces Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University
author
Abdeen
G. S
Biological and Geological Sinces Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background:cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a complex, chronic and neglected disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. The effects of this neglection have a powerful impact in remote rural areas whose population has no chances of being diagnosed and treated correctly without leaving their works and travelling long distances, sometimes taking days to reach the closest medical center. The present study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of purified polyclonal antibody (PAbs) raised against Echinococcus granulosus 50 and 31 kD proteins for detection of circulating hydatid antigen using dot ELISA. Materials and methods: the previous proteins from sheep and camel lungs was purified by ammonium sulfate and caprylic acid.The purified protein injected in Newzealand rabbits to raise specific polyclonal antibodies (pAb) against E. granulosus. Detection of 50 and 31 kD proteins in serum by dot-ELISA gave a sensitivity of 92.9%, a specificity of 95%. Conclusion: dot-ELISA techniques emerge to be adequately sensitive assays for the diagnosis of human echinococcosis using cathepsin B antigen.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
304
310
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15143_b67ccd5bc39c1f416bb50bc53305c704.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029022
Role of Quercetin against 2-Butoxyethanol Induced Micronucleus and Chromosome Aberrations in Mice
Zeinab Eid Madboly
Hanafy
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al–Azhar University (Girls)
author
Hassan Abd El sattar
Eldawy
Radiation biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology
author
Karima Fathi
Mahrous
Cell biology Department,National research center.
author
Asmaa Kutb
Mohamed
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al–Azhar University (Girls)
author
text
article
2016
eng
EGBE is also known as 2-butoxyethanol (2BE). EGBE is widely used as a solvent in various applications, such as in surface coatings, spray lacquer, quick-dry lacquers, enamels, varnishes, varnish removers, latex paint, metal cleaners, and in commercially available cleaning products. 2-Butoxyethanol causes cellular damage via formation of reactive oxygen species. Quercetin, a flavonol group of plant flavonoid, has generated interest because of its potential antioxidant, anti-proliferative, chemoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. Quercetin exhibited significant antimutagenic and DNA-protective effects against oxidative damage due to the presence of hydroxyl groups in the molecule; it is considered an excellent free radical scavenging antioxidant owing to the high number of hydroxyl groups.
Materials and Methods: 2BE was given orally to male mice for seven days at two doses (450µl &900µl/kg b.w.). Quercetin was dissolved in corn oil. The animals in positive control group were treated with only corn oil. Quercetin (20 mg/kg b.w.) was administered orally for 7 days prior to 7 days treatment of 2BE for the two doses. Quercetin (20 mg/kg b.w.) was also administered for 14 days (7 days before and 7 days during the period of treatment with two doses of 2BE).
Result: the two doses of 2BEinduced both micronuclei (2.88% and 12.77%) and chromosomal aberration in (50% & 72.8%, respectively) of cells. Quercetin administration lowered the frequency of micronuclei and chromosome aberration.
Conclusion: These effects of quercetin are to be taken into consideration while evaluating the possible use of quercetin as a protective agent.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
311
318
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15144_c9891f90b297c2a7a67cf413e79ca1a7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029023
Impact of Circulating Soluble CD40 Concentration Levels in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies
Mohamed Hamed
Bahnasawy
Zoology Department,Faculty of Science Damietta University
author
Salah
el ShahatAref
faculty of Medicine,Mansoura University
author
Nahed Ahmed Mohamed
Omar
Zoology Department,Faculty of Science Damietta University
author
Shaimaa Mohamed Ebrahim
el Sayed
Zoology Department,Faculty of Science Damietta University
author
text
article
2016
eng
The present study was carried on forty (40) diagnosed ALL (Acute lymphoblastic leukemia), CML (Chronic myeloid leukemia), AML(Acute myeloid leukemia)patients who attended Oncology Centre, Mansoura University. Their ages ranged from 3 to 77 years. They were 27 males and 13 female. Patients were followed up throughout the period of the study. All patients were subjected to the following: Detailed history, clinical examination and Laboratory investigations.
Results: CD40 expression was not associated with any of the studied demographic, clinical or laboratory variables. No statistically significant associations were elicited between CD40 expression and any of the studied prognostic factors of patients. However, a significant positive association was detected between patients who responded to chemotherapy and positive CD40L.
Conclusion: CD40L is an independent prognostic factor for relapse free survival, and also an independent prognostic factor for the prediction of good response to chemotherapy, since CD40L positive patients are more liable to achieve complete remission, while CD40 negative ones are more susceptible to death chemotherapeutic resistance.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
319
327
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15145_c723748dd2d82ccb6e31de6f7a342bbb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029024
Comparative Study of the Use of Multifocal Electroretinogram versus Visual Field Testing in Evaluating Cases of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
Noha
Mohsen
Ophthalmology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Amany
Elshazly
Ophthalmology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Hazem
Noah
Ophthalmology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
Hoda
Saber
Ophthalmology department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
author
text
article
2016
eng
Purpose: to compare between results of multifocal ERG and visual field in cases of primary open angle glaucoma.
Methods:30 eyes with primary open angle glaucoma and 30 eyes of normal subjects were included in this study. Humpheray visual (SITA standard 24-2 strategy) and multifocal electroretinography were performed to all included patients and normal subjects.
Results:the patients group showed increased latency of the N and P wave of the multifocal ERG when compared to the normal subjects. No difference in amplitude of waves was found between the two studied groups. when comparing different stages of glaucoma (mild, moderate, and severe) according to the mean deviation of the visual field no difference was found in amplitude or latency of the waves produced by the multifocal ERG.
Conclusion:multifocal ERG was able to differentiate between patients with POAG and normal subjects in the form of prolonged latency of waves produced, but it was not able to differentiate between different grades of glaucoma. This makes it a good prognostic tool but not a diagnostic tool, where the automated visual field analyzer remains superior in diagnosing POAG.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
328
336
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15146_2bf0b3085c968a8aa185409b077f2781.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029025
Serum sP-Selectin Level and Brachial Artery Flow Mediated Dilation as Predictors of No Reflow in Patients with ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary PCI
Ayman
Saleh
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Hany
Awadallah
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Hamdy
Soliman
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Eman
Hasan
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Mohamed
Omar
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: no reflow phenomenon is associated with major adverse cardiac events, prediction of no reflow using laboratory and noninvasive imaging techniques can help in early prevention and management of this phenomenon.
Objectives: to investigate the predictive value of serum sP-selectin and endothelial dysfunction assessed by using brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD) in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI to address patients with high incidence of no reflow.
Methods: the prognostic performance, clinical and angiographic correlates of sP-selectin and FMD was assessed in 96 patients admitted in National Heart Institute and Ain Shams University Hospitals by STEMI and underwent primary PCI as a reperfusion strategy. Each patient was subjected to (history taking, clinical examination, laboratory investigations including withdrawal of serum samples for detection of sP-selectin levels, echocardio-graphy, assessment of endothelial dysfunction by measuring the FMD, assessment of the angiographic results using TIMI flow grade and myocardial blush grade. Follow up of the patients during hospital stay and after one month for the incidence of MACE.
Results: a significant correlation between patients with high serum sP-selectin and TIMI flow ≤ II was found (P=0.038) and between the serum levels of the sP-selectin and the MBG score (P=0.009), also a significant correlation between the FMD and the MBG score among the study cases (P=0.029) as well as a significant correlation between the FMD and the serum P-selectin level among study cases (P=0.016). There were no statistical significance between TIMI flow grade and brachial artery FMD (P=0.075). Also no significant correlation was found between the patients' serum levels of sP-selectin, brachial artery FMD and the incidence of MACE during the hospital stay or during one month of follow up after discharge (P=0.127 and P=0.693, respectively).
Conclusions: serum sP-selectin level in patients with STEMI treated by primary PCI can predict the patients who will develop no reflow phenomenon after PCI, FMD could not predict the incidence of no reflow among those patients.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
337
349
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15147_38cf10eb8254118ecd5ba9111764d9b6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029026
Genotoxic Effect of Methotrexate on Bone Marrow Chromosomes and DNA of Male Albino Mice (Mus musculus)
Nagla Zaky Ibrahim
El –Alfy
Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Mahmoud Fathy
Mahmoud
Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Sally Ramadan Gabr
El-Ashry
Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Amany Ibrahim
Alqosaibi
Biology Department, Science College, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2016
eng
Aim of the work-Methotrexate (MTX), a structural analogue of folic acid, is an antineoplastic and antirheumatic agent which is used in a variety of clinical schedules and combination therapy regimens in man. Material and methods- Sixty mice of nearly the same age were randomly categorized into four groups (one control and three treated groups with different doses of methotrexate). Mice of the treated groups 1, 2 and 3 were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of methotrexate (2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg b. wt. respectively) at the first day of the experiment. All the control and the treated animals were sacrificed after 24, 48 or 72 hour by cervical dislocation post treatment. Results-Methotrexate treatment induced structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations in male mice bone marrow cells which were significantly increased (P< 0.001) by dose and time. Structural aberrations were chromosomal gap, fragment, break, centromeric attenuation, deletion, centric fusion, ring formation, end to end association and beaded chromosomes. Numerical aberration was polyploidy. Also, methotrexate treatment decreased the mitotic index in bone marrow cells of all the treated mice in comparison with the control group by increasing dose and time of treatment. Comet assay results indicated that treatment with methotrexate significantly increased (P< 0.001) DNA damage in the blood leukocytes in dose and time dependent manner. Conclusion- It can be concluded that methotrexate induced genetic damage on the chromosomes and DNA content of male albino mice even after single treatment with low doses.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
350
363
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15148_426498ff1913dfc4a46c1c4d892b0c76.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029027
Radioprotective Role of Some Bacteria Belonging to Actinomycetales against Gamma Irradiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in Male Albino Rats
Seham
Abdel-Shafi
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University
author
Tamer M. M.
Saad
Nuclear Materials Authority, Egypt.
author
Abdel-Rahman M. A.
Ghonemey
Nuclear Materials Authority, Egypt.
author
Abdel-Haliem
M. E. F
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University
author
Gamal
Enan
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: radiation protection concepts and philosophy have been evolving over the past several decades. The inadvertent exposure of human from various source of radiation causes ionization of molecules, setting off potentially damaging reactions via free radicals production. Development of radioprotectants and mitigators is the therapeutic approach to ameliorate the negative health impact of radiation exposure. The majority of substances with biological activity used in medicine are produced by actinomycetes and fungi. Aim: the aim of the present study is to evaluate the radioprotective role of the antimicrobial active metabolite of Streptomyces atrovirens Rahman as antioxidant against gamma irradiation that induced some biochemical alterations in rats.
Material and Methods: animals were pretreated with antimicrobial active metabolite of Streptomyces atrovirens Ab1 using suitable stomach tube for two weeks prior to radiation exposure. The levels of malondialdhyde (MDA), glutathione content (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (ALT), glutamic aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities, also total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL- C) were estimated. Results: the results revealed that exposure to ionizing radiation resulted in significant elevation in the levels of MDA content, ALT, AST, ALP and GGT activities and concentration of TC, TG and LDL-C, meanwhile, showed significant depletion in GSH content and SOD, CAT and GPx activities and HDL-C concentration. Conclusion: it could be concluded that, the administration of the antimicrobial active metabolite of Streptomyces atrovirens Ab1 pre-whole body gamma irradiation resulted in sufficient amelioration against radiation effects on the biochemical aspects examined in the present study.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
364
372
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15149_65c0a59b60d2b26519777e5d542a2d06.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029028
Gender Difference in Self-Reported Preparedness for Clinical Practice among House Officer Junior Doctors of Al Azhar University in Cairo
Thoraya
Abd El-fatah
Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University.
author
Zeinab
Hammour
Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University.
author
Hanaa
Abouelyazid
Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University.
author
Heba
Abd-elgalil
Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University.
author
Monira
Gad
Gynecology and Obstetrics Department Faculty of Medicine (Girls),
Al-Azhar University.
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: the successful completion of medical school education should provide students with a level of knowledge and skills necessary to fulfill a junior doctor’s daily duties at hospital. As regard gender some researchers concluded that women outperform men in academic and clinical assessment at medical schools. There are no reasons to suppose that female students leave medical school less prepared than men for work. Aim of the work: this study aimed to clarify whether there are gender difference in house officers' view for preparedness for work or not, and to demonstrate strength and weakness points regarding their undergraduate medical education. Subjects and Methods: the current study is a cross sectional comparative one. It was conducted on 51 house officers’ (HOs) females from Al Zahraa University Hospital compared to 100 male HOs recruited from Al Hussien and Sayed Galal University Hospitals about how much they feel prepared to medical practice. All the questionarable items were arranged in 8 domains of educational goals adopted according to NARS , requirements and from ''preparedness for Hospital Practice'' survey. Results: the results showed that 96.1% of females felt sufficient preparedness for clinical work compared to 79.0% of males, 72.5% and 35.3% of females felt somewhat adequate preparedness in understanding the disease process and carrying out arterial blood gases respectively versus 40.0% and 28.0% of males while males felt adequate preparedness in all elements of interpersonal skills than females. In addition, it was found that understanding the interaction of social factors with disease, approach confidently senior staff for help in interpreting investigations, manage time effectively; score of patient management and prevention were significant predictor of preparedness for clinical work; while gender was not significant in the regression model. Conclusion: female house officers felt more sufficient well prepared than male ones. However gender was not a significant predictor of performance. More emphasis on weakness points recorded by the two groups as defect in some medical skills as write prescription, gap between knowledge and practice, bad communication with the teaching staff and dealing with patient to improve feeling of preparedness .
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
373
388
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15150_7d79cddc020a0b8f84336055b2ecdd9e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029029
Effect of Bisphenol A on the First Generation of Female Rats from Both Parents Treated with the Same Xenoestrogen
Eman G. E.
Helal
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
author
Mohamed A.
Mustafa
Basic Centre of Science, Misr University for Science and Technology, Egypt
author
Neama M.
Taha
Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, KSA
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: bisphenol A (BPA) is a worldwide used endocrine disruptor that is incorporated in many plastic industries. The exposure of human to such substances starts early during the fetal life, postnatal life and extends throughout the life of the individual. Many agencies raised warnings against the excessive use of such substances. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the extent to which BPA can affect the first generation (of parents treated with the same compound, during pregnancy and lactation), which treated with the same compound during their life time.
Materials and Methods: group 1: 15 control female rats. Group 2: 15 female rats of the first generation treated with BPA (20mg/kg b.wt) for one month. Sexual hormones, liver and kidney functions were measured.
Results: BPA induced increase in breast and ovarian tumor markers. It also showed significant increase in estrogen, FSH, prolactin, and progesterone. It is also increased liver function, kidney function, lipid profile. In the same time it leads to decrease in LH, HDL, and protein levels.
Conclusion: BPA induced toxicity, which is mediated by oxidative stress. This study ringing the bells of danger for using such compounds.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
389
394
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15151_db0fb1fa5c7df0f622c27185ba01fc48.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029030
The Protective Role of Vitamin C against Histological Changes and Some Biochemical Indices in Liver of Rats Chronically Exposed to Diazinon
Walid Ali
Abu-Sheir
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
Biology Department, Faculty of Science and arts, Mandaq, Baha University, KSA
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: Diazinon is one of the most toxic organophosphrous pesticides. It is used widely in agriculture and affects the general health and the economy of the human. Toxic effect of Diazinon is due to inhibition of acetylcholine esterase, an enzyme needed for proper nervous system function. This study was designed to investigate the effects of Diazinon on the liver tissue and the expected protective role of vitamin C. Aim of this study: is to evaluate effect of Diazinon and vitamin C on liver of albino rats. Results: data showed a significant increase in liver enzymes AST, ALT in addition to GGT and decreased total proteins and albumin as well as different histological changes caused by the pesticide Diazinon. Using vitamin C caused amelioration in liver structure and function tests, although, all these tests did not return to the normal level. Conclusion: the present study proved that Diazinon has adverse effects on some biochemical parameters and liver functions leading to histological impairment and these effects increase with the increased time of exposure. Meanwhile, supplementation with vitamin C could ameliorate the adverse effects of Diazinon.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
395
404
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15152_2cef97f086da834da1d444cdd11d35d9.pdf
The Relationship between Serum Ferritin and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Shawkia S.
Abd El-Halim
Nutritional Biochemistry Department
author
Lobna M.
El-Hadidy
Nutrition Requirements & Growth Department
National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: serum ferritin, an acute phase reactant is a marker of iron stores in the body. Several studies concluded that, serum ferritin was found to be high in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients. This study was carried out to investigate serum ferritin levels in poor controlled type 2 diabetes (PCD) and well controlled type 2 diabetes (WCD). Subjects and Methods: the study comprised of 42 apparently healthy controls and 84 type 2 diabetic patients. They were recruited from the Governmental and NGO's Hospital at Cairo, Egypt. Anthropometric measurements including: weight and height were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Fasting blood glucose (FBG); Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAIc) and serum ferritin were determined. Patients were subdivided into PCD and WDC according to HbAIc levels. Results: BMI; FBG; HbAIc and serum ferritin were significantly higher in in type 2 diabetics compared with apparently healthy controls. Based on glycemic control; the levels of FBG and serum ferritin were elevated in patients with HbA1c >7. Moreover, there was a positive significant correlation between serum ferritin, HbA1c and FBG that was more pronounced in PCD patients. Conclusion: the present study showed positive association of serum ferritin levels with glycemic control in Type 2 diabetic patients.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
405
410
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15153_f62bb1276b04f9d2e763e76db0387025.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029032
The Protective Role of Transplanted Bone Marrow Cells against Injuries Induced by a Chemical Carcinogen and / or γ-Rays in Kidney tissue of Rats.
Fatma A
Eid
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar Univ
author
Neamat H
Ahmed
National Center for Radiation Research and Technology
author
Somia Z
Mansour
National Center for Radiation Research and Technology
author
Manal A
Ahmed
Umm-El-Atebaa-Hospital, Dokki, Giza
author
text
article
2016
eng
Aim of the work:this work aimed to study the biochemical and histopathological changes in the kidney of male albino rats post exposure to 6Gy of gamma radiation and the protective role of transplanted bone marrow cellsagainst damage induced in rat's kidney by a chemical carcinogen.
Materials and Methods: in this study, forty eight healthy and active male albino rats about 120 grams in body weight were used. The animals were housed in plastic cages under normal temperature, pressure, humidity and good ventilation conditions during the whole period of experimentation. The animals were fed on a standard pellet diet and water.
Results:exposure of rats to γ-radiation caused a significant increase in kidney function tests, decreased significantly the antioxidants with numerous histopathological changes in the rat kidney tissue. These changes were ameliorated by bone marrow transplantation either after whole body gamma-irradiation and/or Fe-NTA treatment.
Conclusion: bone marrow transplantation either after whole body gamma-irradiation and/or Fe-NTA treatment restored the kidney functions and ameliorated the oxidative stress and antioxidants markers. The histopathological observations showed amelioration in the structure of the kidney cortex. So, BM transplantation exerts some curative effects on the function and histological structure of kidney cortex of rats exposed to gamma-irradiation and/or Fe-NTA treatment.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
411
421
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15154_6a0414f1f446b01b2791d52f362118c9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029033
Antiviral Activities and Phytochemical Constituents of Egyptian Marine Seaweeds (CystoseiraMyrica(S.G. Gmelin) C. Agardh and Ulva Lactuca Linnaeus) Aqueous Extract
Shaimaa Ashour Abdel-Latif
Zaid
Microbiologist at Chemistry Administration,Ministry of Commerce and Industry
author
Nermine Nasr El-Din
Hamed
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science for Girls, Al-Azhar University
author
Kouka Saad El-Din
Abdel-Wahab
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University
author
Enas Kamal
Abo El-Magd
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University
author
Rawheya Abdel-Latif
Salah El-Din
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science for Girls, Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: some natural and synthetic compounds can prevent, suppress, or reverse the progression of virus infection. Natural products have proven to be the most effective in terms of their ability to act as an antiviral. In the present study, the antiviral potentiality of the bioactive compounds derived from aqueous extract of two Egyptian marine seaweed species (Cystoseiramyrica and Ulva lactuca)were assessed on different viruses. Materials and methods:these two species were collected from Hurghada at the Red Sea and Al-Agami area in Alexandria Mediterranean Sea, Egypt.The assay of cytotoxicity and antiviral activity by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenlytetrezolium bromide] and by neutralization methods were conducted. Results:these two species have a bioactive compound affected hepatitis A virus (HAV-H10), Coxsackie B4 virus,herpes simplex virus types-1 (HSV-1) and type2 (HSV-2), grow and cytopathic effect (CPE) in Vero cells.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
422
429
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15155_4938165b9ee839f2d9a317c776c30176.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029034
Screening For Antiviral Activities of Aqueous Extracts of Some Egyptian Seaweeds
Shaimaa Ashour Abdel-Latif
Zaid
Microbiologist at Chemistry Administration, Ministry of Trade and Industry
author
Kouka Saad El-Din
Abdel-Wahab
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University
author
Nermine N.
Abed
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science for Girls, Al-Azhar University
author
Enas Kamal
Abo El-Magd
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University
author
Rawheya Abdel-Latif
Salah El-Din
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science for Girls, Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: aqueous extracts of six species of marine seaweed were studied as antiviral activity on different viruses. Materials and methods: these collected from two sites Hurghada at the Red Sea and Al-Agami area in Alexandria Mediterranean Sea Egypt and belonging to the classes Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta were assayed for the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenlytetrezolium bromide] and by neutralization methods.
Results: these extracts have antiviral activity to herpes simplex virus types-1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2), hepatitis A virus (HAV-H10), and Coxsackie B4 virus in Vero cells with very low cytotoxicity to the host cells.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
430
435
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15156_962ebdbff1bb333741d4db60bfe7d0a4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029035
The Protective Effect of BM Transplantation on Liver Tissue by a Chemical Carcinogen or γ- Radiation in Rats.
Fatma A.
Eid
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar Univ
author
Neamat H.
Ahmed
National Center for Radiation Research and Technology
author
Somia Z.
Mansour
National Center for Radiation Research and Technology
author
Manal A.
Ahmed
Umm-El-Atebaa-Hospital, Dokki, Giza
author
text
article
2016
eng
Aim of work: this work aimed to study the biochemical and histopathological changes in the liver of male albino rats post exposure to 6Gy of gamma radiation and the possible protective effect of bone marrow(BM) transplantation on the liver tissues by a chemical carcinogen ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA) or γ- radiation in rats. Materials and methods:in this study, thirty six healthy and active male albino rats about 120 grams in body weight were used. The animals were housed in plastic cages under normal temperature, pressure, humidity and good ventilation conditions during the whole period of the experiment . The animals were fed on a standard pellet diet and water.Animals were categorized into six groups and served as the following groups: control, gamma irradiated(R), Fe-NTA, BM+R, BM + Fe-NTA and BM.+Fe-NTA+R. Results: the present results suggested that exposure to γ-radiation or Fe-NTA induced a significantly disturbance in the liver functions and structure. They increased significantly the oxidative stress and decreased significantly the antioxidants tissues and they also increased necrotic and apoptotic cells in rat’s liver tissue. Bone marrow transplantation either after whole body gamma-irradiation or Fe-NTA treatment restored the liver functions and structure.BT also ameliorated the oxidative stress and antioxidative markers. The histopathological observations recorded some amelioration in the apoptotic and necrotic evaluation in liver tissue.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
436
449
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15157_e634cbf488dd94d7e6b2e49a27b97b93.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029036
Autonomic Cardiac Changes in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Samia Ashour
Mohammad
Professor of Neurology -Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Ahmed Abdul Monem
Gaber
Professor of Neurology
-Faculty of Medicine,Ain Shams University
author
Lobna Mohammad
Elnabil
Professor of Neurology -Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Walid AbdElAziem
Elhammady
Professor of Cardiology -Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Maha Aly Mohamad
Nada
Assistant professor of Neurology -Faculty of Medicine,Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2016
eng
Background: epileptic patients suffer from many autonomic symptoms either during the seizure or in between seizures. Interictal autonomic cardiac changes may cause arrhythmia which may be life threatening.
Aim of the work: to recognize the presence of cardiac autonomic changes in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and to find the relation between autonomic cardiac changes and different variables.
Patients and methods: Twenty patients with well controlled TLE and twenty patients with uncontrolled TLE were subjected to standard 12-lead ECG and 24 hour holter ECG.
Results: QTc was significantly shorter in patients with uncontrolled TLE than in patients with well controlled TLE. Patients with uncontrolled TLE had a faster heart rate than patients with well controlled TLE. Patients with uncontrolled TLE showed significant less SDNN, rMSSD and PNN50 than those with well controlled seizures.On the other hand, LF and LF/HF ratio was significantly more in uncontrolled group than the controlled group.
Conclusion: There is an interictal alteration in autonomic control of the heart in TLE. This alteration is corrected with proper control of seizures
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
64
v.
1
no.
2016
450
453
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_15158_a7b56978318f5d776a19a3c194efa564.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0029037