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The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
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El–Gohary, Z., El-Sayad, F., Hassan, H., Hamoda, A. (2013). The Functional Alterations of The Avian Salt Gland Subsequent to Osmotic Stress. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 51(1), 346-360. doi: 10.12816/ejhm.2013.15985
Zeinab M. El–Gohary; Fawkeia I. El-Sayad; Hanaa Ali Hassan; Aya Mohammed Magdy Hamoda. "The Functional Alterations of The Avian Salt Gland Subsequent to Osmotic Stress". The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 51, 1, 2013, 346-360. doi: 10.12816/ejhm.2013.15985
El–Gohary, Z., El-Sayad, F., Hassan, H., Hamoda, A. (2013). 'The Functional Alterations of The Avian Salt Gland Subsequent to Osmotic Stress', The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 51(1), pp. 346-360. doi: 10.12816/ejhm.2013.15985
El–Gohary, Z., El-Sayad, F., Hassan, H., Hamoda, A. The Functional Alterations of The Avian Salt Gland Subsequent to Osmotic Stress. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2013; 51(1): 346-360. doi: 10.12816/ejhm.2013.15985

The Functional Alterations of The Avian Salt Gland Subsequent to Osmotic Stress

Article 17, Volume 51, Issue 1, Spring 2013, Page 346-360  XML PDF (722.69 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.12816/ejhm.2013.15985
Authors
Zeinab M. El–Gohary; Fawkeia I. El-Sayad; Hanaa Ali Hassan; Aya Mohammed Magdy Hamoda
Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
Abstract
Background: Many terrestrial non-marine birds have functional salt glands. Their salt glands are usually quiescent. However, such  glands show remarkable levels of phenotypic plasticity both morphological and physiological as a consequence of drinking saline water.
Objective: The current investigation was conducted to reveal in more detail the different functional alterations of the duck`s salt glands subsequent to high salt osmotic stress.
Material and methods: The selected avian species were  the  domestic  female (Anas platyrhyncha)and the wild migratory  (Anas clypeata ) ducks. Two groups of domestic and one group of wild ducks were considered in the present study , each of which included nine adult ducks. The high salt osmotic stress was induced by replacing drinking tap water of the domestic ducks with 1% sodium chloride solution for two consecutive weeks. The measured parameters were included some  electrolytes in both serum and glandular tissue. Also, Na-K-ATPase activity and aldosterone concentrations were considered.   
Results: The present study elucidated that serum sodium, potassium, chloride and uric acid of the wild migratory ducks were markedly higher than those of  both salt-stressed and control ducks. In addition, serum aldosterone concentration of the wild migratory ducks was distinctly higher  in comparison with those of the control and the salt-stressed ones. Moreover,  salt gland tissue homogenate electrolyte contents followed the same pattern as those of serum electrolyte concentrations. In contrast, the  activity of  Na-K-ATPase of the salt gland homogenates was higher in  the salt-stressed ducks in comparison to both wild migratory and control groups.
Conclusion: From the above mentioned results, it was concluded that the peculiar functional status of the salt gland of the experimentally salt-stressed ducks comparing to the control  may be presented as an adaptive features to satisfy its special demands to eliminate the remarkable increased levels of sodium chloride load effectively.
 
 
Keywords
Ducks; Salt gland; Osmotic stress; electrolytes; Na-K-ATPase
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