Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Correlation of Serum Concentrations of Soluble Thrombomodulin, Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Intracellular Adhesion Molecule -1 And E-Selectin In Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus1111824010.21608/ejhm.2003.18240ENMalak., A. MohsenClinical Biochemistry, Departments.
Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al- Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.Magda.A. GamilClinical Biochemistry, Departments.
Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al- Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.Maha. I. ShehataClinical Biochemistry, Departments.
Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al- Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.Boshra.H ,El ZawahryMicrobiology and Physiology Departments.
Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al- Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.Salwa.S.I. AfifiMicrobiology Department Faculty of Pharmacy, Al- Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20181102<span>To date no specific serological parameters are available to assess disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The objective of this study was to correlate serum levels of thrombomodulin (TM), intracellular adhesion molecule-1 sICAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 sVCAM-1, and E-selectin with standard laboratory tests and clinical indices of disease activity in 40 patients with SLE and 20 apparently healthy persons as controls. According to British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) disease activity index, the 40 patients were divided into two groups, the first consisted of 22 with active disease, and the second consisted of 18 patients with inactive SLE. Serum sTM, sICAM-1, sVCAM-I, and E- selectin were measured in their sera, using enzyme linked immuonosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.C-reactiv protein (CRP), Erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR) and serum creatinines were measured by standard laboratory tests. Total leukocytic count and hemoglobin concentration were detected by coulter counter. Levels of sTM and sVCAM were highly elevated in the group of patients with active SLE as compared to the inactive one (P<0.0005) while sICAM-1 levels were moderately elevated (P<0.005). E-selectin was poorly correlated with disease activity in SLE (P>0.05). In SLE, the BILAG disease activity index, ESR and serum creatinine correlated best with sTM, sVCAM-1 and E-selectin levels while there was a weak association between CRP levels and the adhesion molecules, and no correlation between CRP level and disease activity. </span>
<span>In conclusion, sTM and sVCAM were the most important serological indices of disease activity in SLE and might be valuable serological parameters for monitoring therapy. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18240_425b2d03d19f31e740440f4c3f7ab16c.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Microscopic Studies Of The Effect Of Some Food Additives On The Kidney Of Albino Rat12271824110.21608/ejhm.2003.18241ENAbd El-Tawab M. IsmailHistology Department , Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar UniversityAshraf M. MoustafaHistology Department , Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar UniversityGamal Abd El-Rhman B.Histology Department , Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar UniversityJournal Article20181102<span>Recently the use of synthetic food coloring additives was increased and the levels of human exposure to such agents are very broad, thus feeding over long periods may continually possess potential hazards to the human health. Also most of the food colors tested in the conventional toxicity experiments showed toxic effects at very high level of intake i.e. 1-5 % in the diet. </span>
<span>The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological and histochemical effects of some of these substances (Sodium nitrate and sunset yellow) on the liver of adult albino rats. The study included three main parts: </span>
<span>Histological studies on the liver under the effect of (Sodium nitrate and sunset yellow) substances. Using paraffin sections, which were stained with Hx & Eosin, Masson Trichrome </span>
<span>Evaluation of histochemical activity of both alkaline phosphates enzyme and succinic dehydrogenase enzymes on the renal tissue. </span>
<span>Statistical evaluation using image analyzer to detect glomerular area, area percentage of collagen fibers distribution and optical density of both alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity in glomerulus and succinic dehydrogenase enzyme activity in renal tubules. Seventy adult male albino rats were used. Nitrate and sunset yellow were given orally through a gastric tube in dose of 1 mg / kg / b.w. daily. The animals were classified into seven groups. </span>
<span>Group I </span><span>(Control group) </span>
<span>Group II: </span><span>The animals were given sodium nitrate in a dose of 1mg/kg/bwt for one </span>
<span>month. </span>
<span>Group III</span><span>: The animals were given sun set yellow in a dose of 1mg/kg/bwt/day for one </span>
<span>month. </span>
<span>Group IV</span><span>: The animals were given sodium nitrate and sunset yellow for one month in a </span>
<span>dose of 1mg/kg/bwt/for each drug in a separate manner. </span>
<span>Group V: </span><span>The animals were given sodium nitrate similar to the previous dose as group </span>
<span>II for one month and left 2 weeks without oral intubations. </span>
<span>Group VI: </span><span>The animals were given sun set yellow No 6 in a dose and route of </span>
<span>administrations as group III for one month and kept without intubations for 2 weeks. </span>
<span>Group VII: </span><span>The animals were given both sodium nitrate & sunset yellow by the same dose and route of administration as in group IV for one month and kept without </span>
<span>intubations for 2 weeks. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18241_217903c95a9efbf442d5bbf2d91d6a93.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Significance of tumor necrosis factor- α and B2 microglobulin in patients having chronic lymphocytic leukemia28371824210.21608/ejhm.2003.18242ENMona Hilmy , AlrayesDepartment of Clinical and Chemical Pathology Girls` Faculty of Medicine- Alazhar UniversityHoda Hasan Abd AlbasetDepartment of General Medicine Girls` Faculty of Medicine- Alazhar UniversityJournal Article20181102<span>Background and objectives: </span><span>Tumor necrosis factor-</span><span>α (TNF</span><span>-</span><span>α) is important for the </span>
<span>growth and survival of the leukemic cells in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). B</span><span>2 </span><span>microglobulin (B2MG) is elevated in tumors, it is clinically used for lymphoproliferative diseases, where serum B2MG is related to tumor cell load, prognosis, and disease activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum levels of TNF-</span><span>α and B2MG in B</span><span>-CLL patients with correlation to relevant haematological data and disease characteristics. </span><span>Patients, materials and methods: </span><span>The study included 15 newly diagnosed untreated B-CLL patients obtained from the outpatient clinic at the National Cancer Institute in Cairo and 15 ages and sex matched controls. Venous blood samples were obtained from B-CLL and control groups for complete blood count (CBC). Serum was separated for measurement of TNF-</span><span>α and B2MG levels by </span><span>ELISA. Bone marrow (BM) aspiration was done to all B-CLL cases. </span><span>Results: </span><span>The studied B- CLL group consisted of 7 females and 8 males with mean ± SD age (54.9 ± 11.6 years). The clinical staging according to Rai classification was: 66.7% cases in stage 0-II and 33.3% cases in stage III-IV. There was highly significant elevation of white blood cell count (WBC), absolute lymphocytes in peripheral blood (PB), serum TNF-</span><span>α and serum B2MG with high </span><span>significant reduction of haemoglobin (Hb) in B-CLL group when compared with the control (P<0.001). There was significant reduction of platelets and significant elevation of absolute monocytes in PB in B-CLL group (P<0.01 & P<0.02 respectively). There was significant elevation of TNF- </span><span>α in B</span><span>-CLL patients with anaemia and B-CLL patients with thrombocytopenia in comparison with B-CLL patients without anaemia and B-CLL patients without thrombocytopenia (P=0.02 and P<0.05 respectively). There was highly significant positive correlation between TNF-</span><span>α and both absolute monocytes in PB & serum B2MG with </span><span>inverse highly significant correlation with Hb. A significant positive correlation was found between TNF- </span><span>α and: WBC, BM lymphocytes and Rai III</span><span>-IV disease stage with inverse significant correlation with platelets. A significant positive correlation was detected between B2MG and both WBC and absolute peripheral blood lymphocytes (P=0.01) with highly significant positive correlation with Rai III-IV disease stage (P<0.001), while no correlations were demonstrated with the other parameters. </span><span>Conclusion: </span><span>TNF-</span><span>α and B2MG are important for </span><span>the process of leukemogenesis and progression and may serve as bad prognostic markers for B- CLL. On the basis of these observations, therapeutic inhibition of TNF-</span><span>α and B2MG could be a </span><span>new strategy of importance in the treatment of B-CLL. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18242_61d18c4fc758a89a8eb25ccfebc59ea2.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Serum Levels Of Interleukin–12 And Tumour Necrosis Factor– In Patients With Active And Inactive Rheumatoid Arthritis38461824310.21608/ejhm.2003.18243ENDaad F.I. El FouhilMicrobiology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al–Azhar UniversityAmany M. Abdel WahabMicrobiology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al–Azhar UniversityNour H. MadbouliMicrobiology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al–Azhar UniversityJournal Article20181102<span>Seventeen patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (group I) and fifteen patients with inactive RA (group II), in addition to ten healthy control subjects were included in the present study. All patients were evaluated clinically and biochemically according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) core set measures, and a comparison was set between both groups of patients. Serum levels of interleukin</span><span>–</span><span>12 (IL</span><span>–</span><span>12) and tumour necrosis factor</span><span>–</span><span> </span><span>(TNF</span><span>– </span><span></span><span>) were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all patients and control subjects. It was found that there was no significant difference in age, sex, disease duration, degree of disability or physician's and patient's global assessments between both groups of patients (P>0.05), but patients with active RA had significantly higher tender joint score, swollen joint score, visual analogue pain scale, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C</span><span>– </span><span>reactive protein compared to patients with inactive RA (P<0.05). Detectable levels of IL</span><span>–</span><span>12 in serum were found in 13 out of 17 (76.5%) active RA patients, 6 out of 15 (40%) inactive RA patients and 1 out of 10 (10%) healthy controls. TNF</span><span>–</span><span> </span><span>was also detected in the serum of 12 out of 17 (70.6%) active RA patients, 7 out of 15 (46.7%) inactive RA patients and 1 out of 10 (10%) healthy controls, with significantly higher detectability and significantly higher mean serum levels of IL</span><span>–</span><span>12 and TNF</span><span>–</span><span> </span><span>in patients with active RA compared to patients with inactive RA and healthy controls (P<0.05). However, patients with inactive RA had significantly higher detectability and significantly higher serum levels of IL</span><span>–</span><span>12 and TNF</span><span>–</span><span> </span><span>compared to the healthy controls (P<0.05) which may reflect the role of IL</span><span>–</span><span>12 and TNF</span><span>–</span><span> </span><span>in the pathogenesis of RA. Serum levels of IL</span><span>–</span><span>12 correlated positively with TNF</span><span>–</span><span> </span><span>levels in serum in case of active RA patients (r=0.493) and inactive RA patients (r=0.474). It was concluded that significantly elevated serum levels of IL</span><span>–</span><span>12 and TNF</span><span>–</span><span> </span><span>may be associated with clinical and laboratory markers of activity of RA; and measurement of serum IL</span><span>–</span><span>12 and TNF</span><span>–</span><span> </span><span>levels could be used for assessment of RA activity. IL</span><span>–</span><span>12 and TNF</span><span>–</span><span> </span><span>may play an important role in the pathogenesis and inflammatory activity of RA. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18243_936b9529312667057510a0939911bfad.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Role of Diet in Management of Different Forms of Chronic Hepatitis in Young Adolescence47521824410.21608/ejhm.2003.18244ENOsfor, El Minshawythe national research center and internal medicine department El-Minia university,El Minia, EgyptM.S.S .ArbidDepartment of nutrition, pharmacology El-Minia university,El Minia, EgyptNabila El-litheymedical physiology El-Minia university,El Minia, EgyptJournal Article20181102<span>Introduction young adolescence liver disorder have in general mode of presentation distinct from that in adult population. Chronic hepatitis especially hepatitis C and B are the most common etiological agents of cirrhosis in Egypt The aim of work is to explore the role of diet in treatment of chronic hepatitis in young adolescence Patients and methods 110 patients with chronic hepatitis were classified into 3 groups : group I 46 patients with chronic hepatitis C, group II 37 patients with chronic hepatitis B , group III 27 patients with chronic hepatitis due to other causes rather than C or B infection. Liver biopsy is done for all patients. Anthropometric parameters and blood samples were taken before and after diet program for 6 months Results The biochemical parameters revealed a significant increase in the serum level of total protein and hemoglobin concentration, significant decrease in total and direct bilirubin alkaline phosphatase ALT, and AST. Non significant difference in weight ,height, arm and waist circumference, WHR and BMI in patient group after diet program. Conclusion these data suggest that diet can be effective in the treatment of chronic hepatitis in young adolescence. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18244_2fbc77a18e58143eb69a620351719c80.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Effect of Aloe vera extract on some physiological parameters in diabetic albino rats.53611824510.21608/ejhm.2003.18245ENEman G.E. HelalDept. of Zool., Fac. of Sci, Al-Azhar Univ.Mohamad H.A. HasanDept. of Phys., Fac. of Med., Menofeyah Univ.Anwaar Al-Kamel .Dept. of Zool., Fac. of Sci, Al-Azhar UnivAshraf M. MustafaDept. of Hist. Fac. of Med., Al-Azhar Univ .Journal Article20181102<span>The present study aimed to clarify antidiabetic activity of aqueous extract from Aloe vera on thirty adult male albino rats were divided into three groups, the first served as a control group, the second was injected with alloxan (120</span><span>mg / kg B.wt. </span><span>) and served as diabetic group and the third was injected with alloxan and treated with Aloe vera water extract ( 0.5 </span><span>ml </span><span>/ 100 </span><span>g B.wt. </span><span>). After thirty days of treatment half of each group were scarified and the other one were left for 15 days without any additional treatment as a recovery period . </span>
<span>The results revealed highly significant decrease ( p</span><span>> </span><span>0.01) in blood glucose, and highly significant increase in both liver glycogen content and serum insulin level in the diabetic group treated with aqueos extract of A. vera when compared with the diabetic untreated group. </span>
<span>It seems, therefore that water extract of A. vera results in a definite hypoglycemic, hyperinsulinemic effect. On the other hand, a significant increase of body weight gain and liver glycogen content was achieved. The results of this study clarify the role of Aloe vera active as antidiabetic plant and suggest a relationship between drenching. A. vera extract and insulin production which needs further investigation . </span>
<span> </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18245_59f50051782ff935502a47fc460b0b00.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Genetic and Ultrastructural studies in bone marrow and testis of mice cells under the effect of Glurenor drug62711824610.21608/ejhm.2003.18246ENSekena, H. Abd El-AziemDepartment of Cell Biology, National Research CentreAziza, M. HassanDepartment of Cell Biology, National Research CentreJournal Article20181102<span>Mutagenetic effects and ultrastructural changes of antidiabetic Glurenor drug were studied in vivo in the highly sensitive micronucleus test. </span>
<span>Eight groups of forty male mice used in this study to detect chromosomal abnormalities in somatic and germ cells. Three groups orally administrate therapeutic doses of Glurenor at (30, 60, 120) mg/kg daily the fourth group act as control group. Control group and the treated group with 120 mg/kg were used for ultrastructural examination. While the other four groups were used for bone marrow micronucleus test which receives successive doses of Glurenor as (0.0 & 30) mg/kg for 1, 10 &20 days. A cytogenetic examination of treated and untreated mice showed a significant increase of total chromosomal aberrations (P< 0.01) in both somatic and germ cells at dose 120 mg/kg. when compared by control group. Also Glurenor induced micronucleus polychromatic erythrocytes. Glurenor revealed ultrastructural changes in liver cells represented by deep condensation in the nucleus which revealed by the appearance of a large gap around the nucleus. The condensed chromatin appeared as large sharply marginated electron dense mass that a butted on the nuclear envelope. In addition to electron dark distanced elsewhere (prenuclear), swollen endoplasmic reticulum, Also, observed enlarged nucleolus, and thickening the nuclear membrane. Large vacuoles "hydropic degeneration" also was noticed in the cytoplasm. </span>
<span>Our studies had the objective of examining experimentally whether the supposed mutagenic effect of Glurenor can be demonstrated and verified by methods of mutagenicity testing using expermintal mammals. </span>
<span>In conclusion, this study revealed that Glurenor gave a positive reaction with a clear dose response in mice. Glurenor gave a mutagenic response from of the chromosomal aberration in somatic and germ cells as well as in micronucleus test. Glurenor showed ultrastructural changes in the liver cells of mice.<br /> </span><span><br /></span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18246_7a8b512de6b12a1432530bcdb8a7caee.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE TOTAL AND FREE TESTOSTERONE IN AGING MEN72811824710.21608/ejhm.2003.18247ENS.I. EnanyUrology Faculty of medicine Al-Azhar UniversityH.T. KandeeEndocrinology Faculty of medicine Al-Azhar UniversityN. Abd-El-LateefRadio diagnosis Faculty of medicine Al-Azhar UniversityM. HusseinClinical Pathology faculty of medicine Al-Azhar UniversityJournal Article20181102<span>The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance of the total and free testosterone in aging men. This study was carried out on 45 healthy men. They were divided into three groups, according to the age, each group contains 15 men. Group I: age ranged from 50-60 years. Group II: From 61-70 years and Group III: From 71-85 years. For each subject, history was taken and clinical examination, routine laboratory investigations: total and free testosterone levels, also total and free prostate specific antigen (PSA). Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) was done. Bone densitometry by ultrasonography also done. Our results revealed that, the mean values of the total and free testosterone levels were progressively decline with increasing age. The lowest levels of total and free testosterone were found in-group III, but these lowest levels were still at the accepted normal range. The mean values of the total and free PSA levels in the different three studied groups were progressively increased with aging men, but its levels were still within the normal range. There was positive correlation between the total and free levels of testosterone. Also positive correlation was found between the total and free PSA values. Additionally an inverse relationship was found between testosterone levels either total or free with PSA values. Erectile function declined significantly by age, the worst was group III with significant correlation with the level of total and free testosterone in the three studied groups. In this work the broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) in-group II was significantly lower than group I (p<0.001) but insignificant difference between group II and group III. Relative Risk Fracture (RRF) in-group II was significantly increased compared to group I (p>0.003), but insignificant difference between groups II and group III (p>0.998).T-score was significantly lower in group II and III compared to group I ,(p<0.001), (p<0.02)for both respectively. Z-score showed highly significant reduction in groups II and III compared to group I (p<0.000) for both of them. While, non-significant differences between group II and III regarding T and Z-score(p>0.38),(p>0.554)respectively. Correlation between free (FT) and total (TT) testosterone, with bone densitometry, there were positive correlation between (FT) versus BUA, T and Z-score. It was positively correlated between (TT) versus BUA and T-score only, while the correlation of both was negative with RRF. </span>
<span>We concluded that, total and free testosterone progressively decline with aging. It was associated with progressive increase in the level of total and free PSA. These findings were associated with progressive decline in erectile function. Bone mineral density decreased </span>
<span>gradually with increasing age, and increased </span>incidence of bone fracture.
<span> </span>
<span> </span>
<span> </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18247_0ca2c30b6ff6014e1f43468ee7d0046d.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Ropivacaine plus lidocaine versus Bupivacaine plus lidocaine for peribulbar double injection regional anesthesia82851824810.21608/ejhm.2003.18248ENOmar ElsaftyDepartement of anesthesia Ain shams universityAhmed M.S. HamedDepartement of anesthesia Ain shams universitySherif WadieDepartement of anesthesia Ain shams universityAhmed ShoeirResearch institute of ophthalmologyJournal Article20181102<span>Our study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of Ropivacaine 0.75% plus Lidocaine 2% versus Bupivacaine 0.5 % plus lidocaine 2 % to provide peribulbar anaesthesia for cataract surgery .Time to adequate block for surgery, ocular eyelid movement scores at 8 min after block and quality for postoperative analgesia were recorded. Sixty patients are randomly divided into two groups of 30, to receive a peribulbar block with 8 </span><span>– </span><span>10 ml of either Ropivacaine </span><span>– </span><span>Lidocaine or Bupivacaine </span><span>– </span><span>lidocaine,and 15U Hyaluridase per ml with each combination . </span>
<span>There was no difference between the two groups in clinical endpoint , Median time at which the block was adequate to start surgery was 8 min. ( 4-10 min ) in each group . Median eyelid movement scores were similar in both groups, yet the lower potential for systemic toxicity of ropivacaine compared with bupivacaine enables it to be used for surgical anesthesia in higher concentration which may facilitate diffusion of local anesthetic molecules into peripheral nervous tissue, improving the onset of nerve blockade. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18248_d96a0a1a4f6c8ad5374fbec040191fd4.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Association of Islet Cell Antibody and Human Leucocyte Antigen DQB1 Alleles (0201/0302) in siblings of type 1 diabetes mellitus86911824910.21608/ejhm.2003.18249ENHassan Z.A.Endocrinology Al Azhar University (girls)Kandeel H.T.Endocrinology Al Azhar University (girls)Abaza D.MEndocrinology Al Azhar University (girls)Bostamy H.FBiochemistry Department – Cairo UniversityHssan H.A.General Medicine Departments – Al Azhar University (girls)Journal Article20181102<span>Type 1 diabetes is most often associated with auto antibodies (AAbs) against beta cell antigens and high levels of HLA mediated genetic susceptibility. The purpose of this study was to identify at risk siblings of type1 diabetic patients at an early stage by screening for HLA</span><span>– </span><span>DQB1 alleles, which carry the high-risk genotype (DQB1 *0201 / 0302) and its associations with measured islet cell antibody (ICA). Twenty-five siblings of subjects with type 1 diabetes aged 4 </span><span>– </span><span>13 yr, median age (8.4 ± 1.02) were studied. They were screened for ICA as well as HLA-DQB1 (0201 and 0302) alleles. </span>
<span>Results of the study showed that among the 25 siblings, 20% tested positive for ICA. HLA-DQB1 was detected in 16% of siblings. Allele DQB1 0201 presented higher frequency (48%) than DQB1 0302 (36%). Association of DQB1 0201 and / or 0302 with ICA positive cases was detected in 20% of cases, while frequency of DQB1 0201 and / or 0302 in ICA negative cases was detected in 48% of them. </span>
<span>In conclusion: - </span><span>Our results showed that among siblings of type 1 diabetes HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with highest genetic susceptibility i.e. DQB1 0201 and / or 0302 were detected with high significance. Also HLA-DQB1 0201 is more frequently associated with ICA.<br /> Initial screening by high risk DQB1 *0201/0302 with subsequent autoantibody testing is shown to be useful in the assessment of diabetes risk among siblings of subjects with type 1 diabetes. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18249_60b5a7f5eb773100a1328e17b584802b.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Quantitative microscopical and histochemical study of the skin of mice under the effect of exposure to ultra violet rays type-B921001825010.21608/ejhm.2003.18250ENSomaya H. MohamedDepartments of Histology Suez Canal Faculty of MedicineFouad M. BadrDepartments of Histology Suez Canal Faculty of MedicineHowayda Abed El-AalPathology Suez Canal Faculty of MedicineRushdy W. MohamedDermatology Suez Canal Faculty of MedicineBassem S. AhmedHistology department Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine - AssuitJournal Article20181102<span>The modern industrial era, has benefits and also disadvantages. The main disadvantages are environmental pollution and ozone layer depletion. Ozone layer depletion leads to failure of absorption and prevention of harmful rays from penetration of earth atmosphere.<br /> The current work studied the effect of ultra violet-B rays on the skin of mice. Twenty-four mice were subjected to ultra violet-B rays in dose of 1.4J/cm</span><span>2 </span><span>for 15minutes every other day for 10weeks. </span>
<span>Paraffin sections slides were prepared and stained with suitable histological stains to study the morphology, collagen and elastic fibers, mast cells and glycosaminoglycans materials in the skin. </span>
<span>The study included quantitative morphometric analysis by image analyzer on some obtained data. The study revealed a statistically significant increase in the epidermal thickness (p<0.001), associated with necrotic cells, compact ortho-keratosis in the stratum corneum. A degenerated collagen fibers was observed in exposed dermal skin with statistically significant decrease in optical density of collagen fibers (p<0.001). There was a loss of elastic fibers fibrillary pattern. Also there was an increase in melanin pigments concentrations, mast cells, deposition of PAS positive materials in the basement membrane at dermo-epidermal junction, around blood vessels, sebaceous and sweat glands and hair follicles.<br /> The study concluded that there was a defined pathological change in the skin exposed to ultraviolet rays and adequate protective prophylactic application must be used to minimize the effect of ultraviolet radiations exposures. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18250_0e55deffcfa64003e9ad864be82e1e14.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Evaluation of silymarin and / or ginger effect on induced hepatotoxicity by carbon tetrachloride in male albino rats1011121825110.21608/ejhm.2003.18251ENHassan H. AZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.EL-Gendy A. MZoology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), AL-Azhar Univfersity, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20181102<span>Liver disease appears to be increase. Part of this increase may be due to our frequent contact with chemicals and other environmental pollutants. The amount of medicne consumed has increased greatly which could be danger to the liver. </span>
<span>The hepatoprotective flavonoid, silymarin (7.56 mg/Kg b. wt.) and ginger (</span><span>Zingiber officinale</span><span>) (1% of diet) for 4 weeks were used to ameliorate the liver injury in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (CCL</span><span>4 </span><span>, single acute dose 4 ml/ Kg b. wt. of 50% v/v CCL</span><span>4 </span><span>in olive oil, subcutaneous). </span>
<span>The obtained results showed that CCL</span><span>4 </span><span>decreased serum and liver total protein and albumin. Also reduced glutathione content. The antioxidant enzymes; glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity decreased in the liver of CCL</span><span>4 </span><span>toxicity group. On the other hand, CCL</span><span>4 </span><span>toxicity increased serum and liver bilirubin, total lipid and total cholestertol levels. In addition, liver function (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase) and liver lipid peroxidation content showed significant increase in the CCL</span><span>4 </span><span>treated group. </span>
<span>Previous parameters turned back to normal values in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated rats after treating with silymarin and/ or ginger for one month. Meanwhile, the most interesting effect was induced by a combination of silymarin and ginger. Hence, the present findings will provide a potential scope for future use of ginger for the treatment of liver disorders. </span>
<span> </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18251_dfd7508c40263e2c2b42d5646e3642b4.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200212120030401Analgesic, Sedative and Hemodynamic Effects of Dexmedetomidine Following Major Abdominal Surgeries: A Randomized, Double- Blinded Comparative Study with Morphine1131201825210.21608/ejhm.2003.18252ENKhaled TahaAssistant Professor, Anesthesia Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityJournal Article20181102<span>This was a randomized double-blinded study; in which 60 ASAI-II adult patients scheduled for major abdominal surgeries (colostomy, radical cystectomy, major gynecological surgery, and abdominal vascular surgery) were received standard general anesthesia. Twenty minutes before the anticipated end of surgery, patients were randomized into two equal groups: dexmedetomidine group (group D) and morphine group (group M). Group D received dexmedetomidine IV infusion 4μg/kg/h for 15 minutes (1μg/Kg) followed by 0.4μg/kg/h for 3h. Group M received morphine sulfate IV (0.07mg/kg). All patients were given a morphine patient controlled analgesia (PCA) pump in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU), delivering IV morphine 2mg with a lockout time of 5 minutes if pain score assessed through visual analog scale (VAS) was more than 5 at any given 5-min assessment. During the PACU recovery period, morphine consumption; pain and sedation scores; hemodynamic variables (heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, oxygen saturation and respiratory rate); and postoperative nausea, retching and vomiting (PONV) were recorded every 30 min for 3h (study period) by a member of staff blinded to the treatment. The study demonstrated that the use of dexmedetomidine led to significant decrease in the total amount of morphine consumed throughout the entire PACU recovery period (P<0.05). This was associated with reasonable pain and sedation scores; significant slowing in heart rate (P</span><span>>0</span><span>.05); significant decrease in mean arterial pressure (P<0.05); less incidence of PONV (P</span><span>></span><span>0.05); without any significant changes in oxygen saturation (P</span><span><</span><span>0.05) or respiratory rate (P</span><span><0</span><span>.05). In conclusion, dexmedetomidine exhibited both analgesic and sedative properties. The associated cardiovascular protective pharmacological profile and the lack of respiratory depression made it potentially extremely interesting for postoperative analgesia after major abdominal surgeries. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18252_80ff31282050bf88dcfe2108e32baa74.pdf