Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Reldan and Ammonium Nitrate Induced Histopatjological and Fine Structural Changes in Testis of Mice1151804410.21608/ejhm.2005.18044ENMahmoud, A. El-BanhawyZoology Depts, Faculty Science , Ain Shams UniversityNahed, H.A. RiadZoology Depts, Faculty Science , Ain Shams UniversityMona El-AkkadZoology Depts, Faculty Science , Ain Shams UniversityShadia, A. RadwanBiology & Geology Depts, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams UniversityAziza El-WessemyBiology & Geology Depts, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams UniversityJournal Article20181031<span>Two agrochemicals, reldan insecticide and ammonium nitrate fertilizer affected the histopathological and ultrastructural of mice testicular tissue. Mice were divided into 13 groups, the first group served as a control group while the other groups treated with reldan or ammonium nitrate. For each of the agrochemicals used, the 1⁄2 LD</span><span>50 </span><span>(12 mg/kg b.wt. for reldan and 90 mg/kg b.wt. for ammonium nitrate) was given as a single dose to 3 groups of mice which were sacrificed after 5, 10 and 15 days post-treatment, and as repeated daily doses to other groups of mice for 5 and 10 days. Animals treated for 5 days were sacrificed 24 hrs after the last dose, while those treated for 10 days were sacrificed 24 hrs or 5 days after the last dose. The applied agrochemicals caused histopathological changes in the testes including, disorganization of the basal lamina and germinal epithelium, maturation arrest at various degrees of degenerated spermatocytes and spermatids in the testicular tissue. Ultrastructural examination showed marked alterations and degeneration of organelles in germ cells, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18044_6f299473a1a4170fa18b39de712dc117.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Toxic effects of paroxetine on sexual and reproductive functions of rats16321804510.21608/ejhm.2005.18045ENInass EL-GaafarawiThe National Center for Social and Criminological ResearchMagdy HassanThe National Center for Social and Criminological ResearchGhada FouadMedico-Legal Administration,Cairo,Egypt.Fathy El-KomeyThe National Center for Social and Criminological ResearchJournal Article20181031<span>This study determined some appropriate parameters to detect male and female reproductive, endocrine, and teratological toxicity besides genotoxic effects of paroxetine. Several parameters concerning fertility were measured in male and female rats given oral doses of paroxetine ( 0.36mg/100g b.wt./day) for a month. In addition, estimation of the drug residues in male, female and fetus were carried out. There were alterations in serum concentration of gonadotraphins: FSH, LH, PRL and in the sex hormones : testosterone, progesterone and estradiol in male and female rats. These alterations were accompanied by sperm reduction, sperm abnormalities, irregular shaped of seminiferous tubules, hypertrophy of geominal cells and structural chromosomal aberrations in male rats. A reduction in mating and fertility indices were observed with an increase in the number of resorbed fetuses, and a decrease in body weight and crown rump length of rat embryos. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18045_8ca67b1740623c142485046b16d65ba9.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Study of some Antioxidant Parameters in Mice Livers Affected with Urtica pilulifera Extracts33421804710.21608/ejhm.2005.18047ENA.H. MahmoudDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, National Research CenterH.M. MotawaDepartment of Pharmacognosea, National Research Center.H.E WahbaDepartment of Cultivation and Production of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants., National Research Center, Egypt.A.Y. EbrahimDepartment of Cultivation and Production of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants., National Research Center, Egypt.Journal Article20181031<span>Urtica pilulifere </span><span>extracts were found to exhibit an antioxidant effect on mice. The effect of two doses of aqueous methanolic extract and other two doses of petroleum ether extract of different plant parts was studied in liver homogenates of the animals. The parameters studied were protein, glutathione reduced form, lipid peroxidation levels as well as the activities of glutathione transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Methanolic extracts induced greater effect on the measured antioxidant parameters. Among all plant parts, the methanolic extract of the herb showed the best effect; where the antioxidant activity enzymes were elevated and the lipid peroxidation was decreased</span><span>. </span><span>In conclusion, </span><span>Urtica pilulifera </span><span>can be used as natural antioxidant, as a possible food supplement or used in pharmaceutical industry. </span>
<span> </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18047_0c1cff2e8a7633a5986fa354c8664f7a.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Effect of oestrogen as a radioprotective agent on the structural changes of testis in irradiated rats.43521804810.21608/ejhm.2005.18048ENMamdouh, A. GhaliHistologyDepartment Al-Azhar faculty of Medicine and Department of Radiation Biology - National centre for Radiation Research and Technology.Fathia, I. KhamisHistologyDepartment Al-Azhar faculty of Medicine and Department of Radiation Biology - National centre for Radiation Research and Technology.Journal Article20181031<span>The present study aimed to evaluate the histological changes of the testis in an irradiated rat under the effect of oestrogen as a radioprotective agent. </span>
<span>Eighty adult male albino rats were used in this work and divided into 8 equal groups. Group I was considered as a control, group II was exposed to gamma radiation at a dose rate 6 Gy, group III was intramuscularly injected with a single dose of oestrogen (0.166 mg / 100 g b.w.), group IV was injected with fractionated doses of oestrogen (0.09 mg/ 100 g b.w.) daily for 7 days, group V & VI were injected with the same single and fractionated doses 10 & 5 days pre-irradiation respectively</span><span>, </span><span>group VII & VIII were injected with the same single and fractionated doses 7 & 5 days post-irradiation respectively. </span>
<span>Twenty-one days post-irradiation and treatment, the animals were sacrificed, the testis was isolated and paraffin sections were prepared and stained by haematoxylin and eosin to study the general microscopic structure as well as measurement of thickness of germinal epithelium and diameter of seminiferous tubules. The obtained data were statistically analyzed by Student's t- test. </span>
<span>The irradiated testis showed vacuolization and necrosis of spermatogenic cells, damage of Sertoli cells, rare sperms and reduction of, the germinal epithelium thickness and the diameter of seminiferous tubules in comparison with control group. </span>
<span>With injection of both doses of oestrogen or pre-irradiation injection, the testis was nearly similar to normal pattern. On the other hand, with post-irradiation injection, the testis was nearly similar to irradiation pattern. </span>
<span>It was concluded that pre-irradiation injection of single or fractionated doses of oestrogen could result in improving the effect on the structural changes of testis in the irradiated rat. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18048_f86703b217e98e75015dbb7e93692cf4.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Studying the Risks of Cotton Cooking Oil Fumes on the Lung and Liver of Rats and the Protective Role of (Vitamin E Alphatocopherol )53651804910.21608/ejhm.2005.18049ENFahmy GAD GAD ELsaidZoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.Journal Article20181031<span>Fumes emitted from edible vegetable cooking oils during stir- and deep-frying are important contributors to indoor air pollution. Indoor air pollution may be increase the lung and liver cancer in Egypt in 2005. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Egyptian cotton cooking oil fumes on rats. The exposed rats for 30 and 60 days to cotton oil fumes showed a significant increase in the lung and liver malondialdehyde levels which accompanied with a significant decrease in glutathione content. Also, there was a significant decrease in lung and liver superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione s-transferase activities. As well as, there was a significant decrease in serum amino acids levels, lung and liver nucleic acids and total proteins. These changes were obviously after 60 days than that of 30 days of exposure. DNA change was clear in the lungs of rats after cotton oil fumes exposed as showed by the differential display technique, P53 primer which used to study the expression of the p35 gene as well as to confirm and amplify these changes after oil fumes exposure. Band with different molecular weights were observed after the exposure and in protected groups but not presented in the control. More characterization for the changes had been carried out in the animal on two levels, one the DNA using RAPD-PCR and the other on the protein level using SDS-PAGE techniques. Also, vitamin E ameliorates these abnormalities to extent limit in all cases in this work. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18049_ea730f14b59350520b661c303cd1978e.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Abnormalities in Plasma Concentration of Lipids and Fibrinogen of Egyptian Microalbuminuric NIDDM Type 2 Diabetic Patients66811805010.21608/ejhm.2005.18050ENGhada Z A SolimanLecturer of Biochemistry, National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20181031<span>Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is associated with derangements in the serum levels of several biochemical parameters. Fibrinogen is a strong cardiovascular risk factor in the general population, and increased fibrinogen plasma concentrations have been reported in type 2 diabetic patients. </span>
<span>Purpose: To assess fibrinogen, lipids and lipoprotein composition and the relationship between fibrinogen and lipoprotein abnormalities and urinary albumin excretion (UAER) in type 2 diabetic patients. </span>
<span>Study Design: 48 control persons (24 male, 24 female), 96 diabetic patients (48 male: 24 normoalbuminuric, 24 microalbuminuric, 48 female: 24 normoalbuminuric, 24 microalbuminuric). They were divided into 9 groups. All groups were matched for age, sex, BMI. The diabetic patients were matched with the duration of diabetes. Diabetic patients were classified according to their level of urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) into normoalbuminuric (<20 μg/min), microalbuminuric (20-200 μg/min). Diabetic patients with other complications were excluded. </span>
<span>Materials and Methods: Blood and urine samples were collected from the diabetic patients and non-diabetic healthy controls. Glucose, HbA1</span><span>C</span><span>, Hb, creatinine, fibrinogen, urinary albumin excretion rate, cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, Ch/HDL-C, HDL-C/LDL-C, LDL- C/HDL-C, triacylglycerol and phosphlipids were determined.<br /> Results and Discussion: A significant elevation of glucose, HbA1</span><span>C</span><span>, fibrinogen, urinary albumin excretion rate, cholesterol, LDL-C, VLDL-C, Ch/HDL-C HDL-C/LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, triacylglycerol and phosphlipids and a significant decrease in HDL-C were obsereved in the diabetic groups in comparison with control group and the same was found for microalbuminuric vs normoalbuminuric diabetic groups. </span>
<span>Conclusion: Albuminuria is the best predictor of fibrinogen plasma levels in type 2 diabetic patients. Plasma fibrinogen level is increased in type 2 normoalbuminuric diabetic patients (without detectable micro- and macrovascular complications), which indicate that hyperfibrinogenemia may precede the onset of clinical vascular complications and might therefore contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18050_ebd26d630a88cc0da0588640ba5b1135.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Safety And Efficacy Of Proseal Laryngeal Mask Airway Versus Classic Laryngeal Mask Airway And Endo Tracheal Tube During Elective surgery82941805110.21608/ejhm.2005.18051ENSoad A. MansourDepartment of Anaesthesia , Faculty Of Medicine For Girls-AL-Azhar University.Wafaa G. AhmedDepartment of Anaesthesia , Faculty Of Medicine For Girls-AL-Azhar University.Kawthar A. AzzamDepartment of Anaesthesia , Faculty Of Medicine For Girls-AL-Azhar University.Tarek M. EL SaidDepartment of Anaesthesia , Faculty Of Medicine For Girls-AL-Azhar University.Journal Article20181031<span>The present study was performed to compare safety , efficacy of Proseal Laryngeal Mask Airway (PLMA), classic Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and cuffed Endo Tracheal Tube (ETT) as a ventilatory device during controlled positive pressure ventilation and airway management , Haemodynamic response to insertion and removal, gastric tube insertion through either device, air leak detection and assessment of position by fiberoptic bronchoscope . Forty five ASA I or II patients aged between 18-55 years old , were divided equally into three groups of fifteen patients each , and airway management either through PLMA(groupI),classic LMA (groupII)and ETT (group III) . All patients were premedicated by zantac hydrochloride 150 mg orally at mid night and two hours before the operation </span><span>– </span><span>Anaesthesia was induced with fentanyl 2 ug/kg and propofol 2.5 mg /kg and maintenance was with a mixture of 50% N2O , 50% O2 and isoflurane 1 - 1.5 % and rocuronium 0.5 mg /kg followed by continous infusion of rocuronium 0.3-0.6 mg/kg/hr A proper size PLMA , classic LMA or ETT was selected oxygenation and ventilation were optimal in 100% in group I and III while in group II 80% optimal and suboptimal in 13.3% and failed in 6.7 % . Haemodynamic parameters showed that significantly increase in HR and MAP in the three studied groups especially at insertion and removal of the airway device with statisticaly significant difference between group I,II in comparison to group III, comparison of gastric tube insertion showed that positive insertion was 86.7% in group I and in 46.7% in group II, while in group III positive insertion was 100% air leak was detected by epigastric auscultation which signified lower leakage in PLMA group than LMA group . Position assessment by fiberoptic bronchoscope in PLMA group was grade 4 in 5 patients , grade 3 in 5 patients , grade2 in 4 patients and grade 1 in 1 patient while in LMA group it was grade 4 in 7 patients , grade 3 in 6 patients , grade 2 in 2 patients and grade 1 in no patient In conclusion :- PLMA and classic LMA could be better choices as ventilatory device in hypertensive and coronary artery disease patients . </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18051_4bd063080a1751298eddee0c49743e93.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Hypoglycemic And Hyperinsulinemic Effects Of Ferula Assafoetida On Diabetic Male Albino Rats951081805210.21608/ejhm.2005.18052ENEman G. E. HelalZoologyDepartment,FacultyofScience,Department HistologyAshraf M. MostafaZoologyDepartment,FacultyofScience,Department HistologyAmany F. MhMoodFacultyof Medicine Al-Azhar UniversityAnwaar A. KahwashNutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economic , Jeddah, K.S.A.Journal Article20181031<span>In the current study, thirty adult male albino rats were used to investigate the effect of Ferula assafoetida on carbohydrate metabolism in alloxan-induced diabetes. Rats were divided into three equal groups, control, diabetic non treated and diabetic Ferula assafoetida treated groups. After thirty days of treatment five rats of each group were sacrificed and the others were left without any additional treatment for another 15 days (recovery period) then were sacrificed. Body weight, blood glucose, serum insulin and liver glycogen content levels were determined for each rat at the end of each period. It was noticed that Ferula assafoetida treatment led to a significant improve in hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, decreased liver glycogen and increased percentage of body weight change caused by alloxan. And this improvement was also seen after the recovery period. </span>
<span>Ferula assafoetida treatment led also to marked improvement in the histopathological degenerative changes in the </span><span>β </span><span>cells of islets of Langerhans caused by alloxan after both the treated and recovery periods. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18052_5a0b5592a047e8dbaf4301e76f913306.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Assessment of Some Biochemical Parameters for Early Detection of Protein Energy Malnutrition1091151805310.21608/ejhm.2005.18053ENMohsen M. DeebPediatric department, Menoufiya University, Medical Biochemistry Departement ,El-Minia Universit yMostafa M. EShakankeryPediatric department, Menoufiya University, Medical Biochemistry Departement ,El-Minia Universit yNagwa MohamedChildhandicapped Center, AlAzhar UniversityGhada,ZA. SolimanBiochemistry Department,National NutritionInstituteJournal Article20181031<span>Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) is a common health problem in developing countries. The mild form of PEM results in growth retardation while severe forms result in the syndromes of marasmus and kwashiorkor. Mild PEM was described as a condition in which specific or , non specific clinical signs , as well as non specific laboratory indices are present without any of the classical manifestations of nutritional deficiency. </span>
<span>Objective of this work was to assess serum transferrin and fibronectin as a biochemical markers for early detection of PEM. We studied 42 children: 30 patients had PEM (15 cases were mild to moderate PEM and 15 cases were severe PEM) with their age ranged between 4-36 months and the remaining 12 children were age and sex matched healthy children as controls. All studied children were subjected to: full history taking, thorough clinical examination including anthropometric measurements [weight, hight,body mass,index (BMI), and mid arm circumference (MAC)] as well as estimation of serum albumin, serum transferrin, fibronectin, Hb and urine analysis. Results revealed significant reduction in all anthropometric measurements in both mild to moderate and severe PEM patients as compared to control group . Serum albumin was significantly lowered in severe PEM as compared to control and still within normal level in mild to moderate PEM patients. </span>
<span>Serum transferrin and fibronectin were significantly lowered in mild to moderate PEM as compared to controls and more reduction in severe form of PEM as compared to controls . Serum fibronectin and transferrin correlated positively with BMI (P <0.05) and serum albumin (P <0.001) in both mild to moderate and severe PEM . In conclusion serum fibronectin and transferrin are markedly reduced in patients with mild to moderate PEM and correlated positively with BMI and serum albumin. This represents an evidence for the role of serum fibronectin and transferrin as biochemical markers for early detection of PEM. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18053_944dfee7038b12e15ec40ce574af70a2.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Comparison Of Chemical And Mineral Content Of Milk From Human, Cow, Buffalo, Camel And Goat In Egypt.1161301805410.21608/ejhm.2005.18054ENGhada Z A SolimanLecturer of Biochemistry, Biochemistry Department, National Nutrition Institute, CairoJournal Article20181031<span>Milk is an important food; it is considered as a good source of Ca. Comparison studies of chemical and mineral contents of milk from human, cow, buffalo, camel and goat in Egypt are rare, so we determine chemical and mineral composition cows; camels; buffalo and goats milk in Egypt and to compare with the human milk since such comparisons are rare in Egypt. There are several studies dealing with the chemical composition of milk, but they are foreign, non- Egyptian. It is known that changing of environment has a significant effect on natural physiological function of both human and animals, so it was very important to made such study on Egyptian environment (ecology), hoping to give understanding and explain some of the malnutrition problems in Egypt. Three hundred and two milk samples were obtained at random from: cows; camels; buffalo and goats (n: 44, 108, 40, 40 respectively), while human milk was obtained from healthy lactating women (n: 70, after 3 </span><span>rd </span><span>month of lactation). Chemical constituents as protein, fat, carbohydrates, moisture, ash and lactose were determined. Mineral contents as calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), phosphorous (P) and manganese (Mn) were measured in the ash. Human milk contains the lowest protein and ash content. Buffalo milk has the highest fat and total solids content. It gives the higher yield of energy. Human milk contains the highest carbohydrates and lactose content (4.98 gm% carbohydrates, of which 4.70 are lactose, i.e. it represent 94.46 %). Human milk contains the lowest concentration of Ca, P, Fe, Zn, Na, K and Mg. Ca: P ratio of human milk is higher (2.32 vs 1.18-1.47) than other species. Mn content of human milk is higher (</span><span>hum</span><span>an milk contains ≈ 6.5 times camel and cow milk and 24.14 times as goat milk). </span><span>Buffalo milk has the highest Ca, P and Mg content. Camel milk has the highest Fe, Zn, Na and Cu content. Goat milk has the highest K content. </span><span>Chemical and mineral content of the 5 studied species varied widely. Camel, buffalo, cow and goat milk cannot replace human milk but it may complement it. </span>
<span>Key words: </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18054_21b63b61c77bec2578fb50a030653001.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism in Egyptian Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus1311381805510.21608/ejhm.2005.18055ENEl-Shafeey M.MAllergy and Immunology Department of Internal Medicine in Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.El-Shayeb MAllergy and Immunology Department of Internal Medicine in Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.Othman EAllergy and Immunology Department of Internal Medicine in Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.Elfawy NAllergy and Immunology Department of Internal Medicine in Ain Shams University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20181031<span>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) shows various clinical manifestations with various immunological abnormalities. The development of lupus nephritis and vasculitis is common in patients with SLE. As angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) has been reported to be associated with various immunological phenomena, we investigated the correlation between insertion(I) / deletion(D) polymorphism of the ACE gene and SLE. Fifty Egyptian patients with SLE and thirty healthy control persons were involved in this study. ACE gene was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). </span>
<span>In SLE patients, there is a significant difference when comparing DD and II genotypes (P<0.05),being higher in the DD genotype. And a highly significant difference when comparing ID and II genotypes (P=0.001), being much higher in ID genotype than II genotype. According to vasculitis, there is a significant relationship between vasculitis and patients genotypes when comparing ID genotype with both II and DD genotypes (P<0.05), being highest in ID genotype. There is a significant relationship found when comparing ID genotype with both II and DD </span><span>genotypes, being highest in ID genotype in patients with score ≥21. These results suggest that </span><span>the ACE genotype could be associated with SLE. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18055_5ecb0afa95d9cb1095cc3a888adebdb7.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Plasma Histamine And Serotonin Levels In Children With Nephrotic Syndrome And Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis1391441805610.21608/ejhm.2005.18056ENNagwa MohamedChild handicapped CenterTalaat El SayedFaculty of Science AlAzhar UniversityJournal Article20181031<span>Plasma histamine and serotonin concentrations were measured using fluorimeteric assay in 40 children with renal diseases. Minimal change nephrotic syndrome (15) focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(10) and acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis(15) to determine the relation between plasma levels of histamine and serotonin and these various types of renal diseases in children. Plasma histamine level was significantly increased in group of children with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Plasma serotonin levels were significantly increased in all 3 groups of patient, when compared with those of controls. Raised plasma histamine in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis group may be evidence of the acute immunological inflammation and defective renal excretion due to mild renal impairment in these children. Raised plasma serotonin in all 3 groups of patients may be due to diminished uptake and release of serotonin from platelets in children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and due to defective renal execretion in children with acute poststreptococcal glomerulo-nephritis. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18056_0ef068430dc4cc8f95ac27a6e5426ae0.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Effect of Curcumin, Mixture of Curcumin and Piperine and Curcum (Turmeric) on Lipid Profile of Normal and Hyperlipidemic Rats1451611805710.21608/ejhm.2005.18057ENGHADA, Z. A. SolimanLecturer of Biochemistry, Biochemistry Department, National Nutrition Institute, CairoJournal Article20181031<span>Curcumin is a polyphenolic, yellow pigment obtained from rhizomes of </span><span>Curcuma longa </span><span>(curcum), used as a spice and food colouring. The extracts have several pharmacological effects. We evaluated the effect of curcum, curcumin, and mixture of curcumin and piperine on plasma lipids in normal and hypercholesterolemic rats. A total of 270 rats, divided into 27 groups, were used. G1, G1</span><span>1</span><span>: control, G2-G11: normal rats fed control diet supplemented with different levels of curcumin and curcum (G2-G6: 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% respectively, G7-G11: 1.67%, 4.167%, 8.34%, 16.67%, and 33.34). G12-G26: at first fed control diet supplemented with 2% cholesterol then G13-17, 21-25 fed a control diet supplemented with different levels of curcumin, and curcum [the same levels as G2-G11; G18-20 fed control diet supplemented with mixture of curcumin (0.1, 0.25, 0.5%) and piperine (20 mg/kg BW)], G12 was sacrificed before addition of studied materials, G26 were fed control diet. Lipid profile, triacylglycerol and phospholipids of plasma and organs as liver and heart were measured. Serum cholesterol (total, LDL-C, VLDL-C), triacylglycerol and phospholipids contents were elevated in cholesterol-fed rats, while HDL-C were decreased. Curcum, curcumin have hypocholesterolemic effect on both normal and hypercholesterolemic rats being more effective in hypercholesterolemic rats. Curcumin reduces cholesterol by interfering with intestinal cholesterol uptake, increasing the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids and increasing the excretion of bile acids. Using curcumin+piperine is better than using curcumin alone. All doses had the same effect, but using the lower level (0.5%) is better than using 2.0% level. Liver cholesterol, triacylglycerol and phospholipids contents and cardiac cholesterol were elevated in hypercholesterolemic conditions. Dietary curcumin showed a distinct tendency to counter these changes. Piperine was added to curcumin to enhance its bioavailabilty through increasing curcumin absorption and reducing its metabolism in liver. The use of curcum, curcumin, and mixture of curcumin and piperine may be useful in the management of cardiovascular disease. Using the lower level (0.5%) is better than using 2.0%. Piperine enhances the bioavailabilty of curcumin. </span>
<span> </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18057_bac8a23521916e5e5fe98c5ae6ed94c2.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001A Study of low achievement on Third Grade primary School Failed Students in Minoufiya1621751805810.21608/ejhm.2005.18058ENMohamed ElwanDepartments of Neuopshychiatry Menoufiya Faculty of MedicineNagwa MohamedChild handicapped Center, AlAzhar UniversityMohamed SheblPublic Heatlth, Menoufiya Faculty of MedicineJournal Article20181031<span>This study was conducted on 374 students who constituted about one fourth of third grade primary school failed students in whole Minoufiya governorate & 100 never failed students from the same classes as a control group. Semi structured psychiatric interview and thorough, neurological examination, beside sociodemographic data sheet & psychometric assessment using children depressive inventory children's phobia scale and Anxiety scale for children, child behavior check list & IQ assessment. 45.9% of Failed students were founded to have psychiatric disorders in comparison to 27% of the control group. 9.1% of the repeaters were founded to be mentaly retarded.& 34.3% of them were of border line IQ compared to 2% & 20% of the control group respectively. Epilepsy was present among 2.1% of failed students compared to 1% of the control group. The failed group were founded to be significantly different from control group as regard parental education, family size, make truancy from school. Abnormal behavior problems were more prevalent among failed students than control group. Learning problems as reading, writing & mathematics problems were founded to be more prevalent among failed students. No difference of significant value was detected between failed males & females students regarding the studied items, except for conduct disorder and (Aggressive, Delinquent, Hyperactive disorders "ADHD"). </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18058_f95984932b0d993bc1a9d540a301f113.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Evoked Alterations In Some Biochemical Parameters And Protein Electrophoretic Pattern Of Some Tissues Of Broiler Chicken Treated With Coumarin1761901805910.21608/ejhm.2005.18059ENShadia, A. RadwanDepartment of Biology & Geology, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams UniversityJournal Article20181031<span>Coumarin compounds are used as dormant substances in agriculture. Physiologically, they are highly active, for example, act as inhibitor of growth of microorganisms. Moreover, coumarin is a maturally occuring substance most frequently used as a fragrance enhancer (in cosmetics, perfumes and soap) and stabilizer. In this study, chemical analysis of chicken tissues (brain, liver and kidney) as lipid constituents, cholesterol, liver, glycogen, glutathione, lipid per oxidase and protein electrophoresis (fractions) were tested after intermuscular (i.m.) injection with doses of 100mg/kg.b.wt. and 200mg/kg.b.wt. of coumarin for 10 days (every other day). The present study revealed that coumarin at a dose of 100mg/kg.b.wt. induced insignificant changes in the total lipid (T.L) of brain, liver and kidney tissues of broiler chicken. Otherwise, the high dose of coumarin (200 mg/ kg.b.wt.) caused a significant decrease in the T.L. of brain (P < 0.01) tissues, while insignificant change of kidney T.L. was recorded at a dose of 200 mg/kg.b.wt.. of coumarin. Also, insignificant changes of triglycerides (T.G.) and cholesterol (Chol.) content of brain, liver and kidney tissues of chicken group (G2) treated with coumarin (100mg/kg) were demonstrated. While, high dose (200 mg/kg coumarin) resulted in a significant decrease in the T.G. and Chol. of brain (P < 0.001 & P < 0.01 respectively) and liver (P < 0.001 & P < 0.001), the same dose showed insignificant changes of kidney T.G. an Chol. contents. </span>
<span>Administration of coumarin (100mg/kg. G2) showed insignificant changes in glutathione content (GSH) of liver and kidney tissues, while significant decrease (P < 0.01) of brain GSH content was recorded compared with the control group. Besides, a dose of 100mg/kg.coumarin caused insignificant changes in lipid peroxides (TABrs) of brain and kidney tissues of chicken and significant increase (P < 0.001) of (TABrs) content of liver tissue. High dose of coumarin (200mg./kg. G3) showed significant increase of TABrs content of brain, liver, and kidney tissues (P < 0.01, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 respectively) of broiler chicken compared with the control group. Both doses of administered coumarin (G2 & G3) caused significant decrease (P < 0.001) in the liver glycogen content. The present data revealed that coumarin caused qualitative and quantitative changes in tissues (brain, liver and kidney) protein fractionation pattern of chicken compared with that of controls. Sixteen bands were separated using polycrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) </span><span>– </span><span>as protein fractions in both the control and coumarin treated groups. The changes (decrease or increase) in particular protein fractions may be related to the effect of xenobiotic (coumarin) on the specific genes encoding for these fractions. Thus, this work revealed that inspite of the benefit of coumarin substance, the xenobiotic effect and signs of intoxications were attained spacially at high doses of treatment. </span>
<span> </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18059_346cbb6ab0f938a19a76624208a1ffea.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-2002211200510012'-Deoxycytidine As A Potential Biomarker For Detection Of Heptocellular Carcinoma1912011806010.21608/ejhm.2005.18060ENWafaa Abdallah AhmedDepartment of Cancer BiologyManar MoneerDepartment of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMaha M. Abo-ShadyMicrobiology & Immunology department, Faculty of pharmacy (girls), Al-Azhar UniversityHeba Hosny MansourHealth Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, (NCRRT)Nahed Abd-El-WahabDepartment of Clinical Pathology National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, EgypMasanori YoshiokaDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Setsunan University, Osaka, Japan.Mahmoud El-MerzabaniDepartment of Cancer Biology (*Chemotherapy Unit)Journal Article20181031<span>Background: </span><span>2'-deoxycytidine (Dcyd) is one of four major nucleosides found in the different normal body fluids due to dissolution of dead cells, and is increase in the presence of malignancy. Previous studies proved that it can be used as a marker for bladder cancer and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The aim of this study is to assess 2'Dcyd as a possible biological marker in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). </span>
<span>Methods: </span><span>Four groups were evaluated for the level 2'-Dcyd as well as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP); a control group (n = 20), 20 cases of chronic liver diseases (CLD), 20 cases of hepatitis C (HCV) 60 cases of HCC. </span>
<span>Results</span><span>: In the patients with HCC, 2'-Dcyd serum level was 8-fold higher than normal level. It was 3-fold higher in HCV group. A mild increase was noted in patients with chronic liver diseases. Levels </span><span>≥ </span><span>0.14 of 2'-Dcyd had a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 90% for diagnosis of HCC. It also recorded a sensitivity and specificity of 90% for diagnosis of HCV. </span><span>Conclusions: </span><span>For diagnosis of HCC, 2'-Dcyd is no better than AFP, as it is elevated in viral hepatitis C. A combination of AFP and 2'-Dcyd could provide broader information in diagnosis and treatment decision. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18060_5ea76253258d6f459a19da80ecbfa998.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001University Medical Staff Perception Towards Using Electronic Information Resources2022071806110.21608/ejhm.2005.18061ENAyman S. AbdelhadyPublic Health Department -Faculty of Medicine , Al-Azhar University ( Assuit branch).Journal Article20181031<span>University staff are increasingly expected to use electronic resources of information. Studies were undertaken to determine the level of use of this type of resources and how university staff feel about various issues surrounding the use of these resources. </span>
<span>A random sample of one hundred (100) university medical staff (academic and clinical), Al-Azhar University, completed questionnaire to determine the level of use of various electronic information resources, if they perceived themselves capable of using these resources and the various methods employed to acquire skills necessary to use such resources. A wide variety of views were expressed by the sample staff but the main findings suggested that the most common electronic resources of information used by the staff were CD-Roms and the internet as 72% and 63% respectively. Also, the study suggested that faster access to information was noted as a main advantage of using these resources where detected by 67% of the staff members and 62% showed that these resources allowed a wider range of information. The study also showed that the staff had the ability to utilize these resources and obtain information from the internet whenever they want, in spite of some barriers of use, detected in the study and found to be facing the staff which were mostly limited time and lack of retrieval skills of information from these resources. The most popular methods of acquiring the necessary skills to use electronic resources were via guidance from other peers and courses offered by the university. Furthermore, researches were necessary to show how best to encourage staff and students to </span>
<span>make effective use of electronic sources that </span>
<span> </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18061_32eb5c64f1e27b9de43e5adf1b257918.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Studies On Some Technological Factors Affecting Some Veterinary Drug Residues In Buffalo's Milk2082181806210.21608/ejhm.2005.18062ENS.A. El-BehairyFood Evaluation and Food Sci. Dept., National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt.U.M. RadwanAgric. Dept., Inst. Of Environmental Studies and Research, Ain Shams UnivEl-Nawawy, M.AFood Sci. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ.Mona A.H. MohamedFood Evaluation and Food Sci. Dept., National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20181031<span>In the present study a suggested rapid method for detection of some veterinary drug residues namely ciprofloxacin, ivermectin and triclabendazole in milk and studied the effect of some technological factors on the residues of such drugs in buffalo's milk. The suggested method depends on the extraction of previously mentioned drugs by dialysis through a membrane in suitable solvent, then measuring the absorbance spectrophotometrically at 278, 243 and 307 n.m. respectively. </span>
<span>Ciprofloxacin is bounded to milk while ivermectin and triclabendazole are completely dissolved in the cream layer. </span>
<span>Data indicated that these drugs showed high thermal, salt concentration up to 20% and pH stability. Therefore these veterinary drugs can be a hazard source in milk retentate, concentrated milk, cheese or other concentrated milk protein products (Entriquez, 2000). Thus application of HACCP system in milk production and processing must be taken into consideration to ensure a safe product for the consumer. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18062_f4c2b1ec257df9d7ed3844eab577acba.pdfPan Arab League of Continuous Medical EducationThe Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine1687-200221120051001Non Invasive Diagnosis to Predict Adynamic Bone Disease in Haemodialysed Patients2192321806410.21608/ejhm.2005.18064ENYasser SolimanInternal Medicine Department, Nephrology Unit Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams UniversityAhmed R. AlyInternal Medicine Department, Nephrology Unit Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams UniversitySahar M. ShawkyInternal Medicine Department, Nephrology Unit Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams UniversityJournal Article20181031<span>Precise evaluation of the underlying type of bone disease in hemodialysed patients frequently requires bone histomorphometry (including static and kinetic variables after double tetracycline labeling) which is an invasive and costly method. Due to the prevalence of adynamic bone disease in hemodialysis patients, different biochemical non invasive markers such as (serum intact osteocalcin, serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and bone specific alkaline phospha- tase (bAP) have been shown to be helpful in differentiation between low and high bone turnover. </span>
<span>Our study was conducted to detect the usefulness of measuring serum intact osteocalcin and its correlation with serum iPTH and bAP to distinguish adynamic bone disease from other forms of renal osteodystrophy in hemodialysed patients. </span>
<span>The study included 60 patients and 20 normal control subjects, presented at renal dialysis units, Ain Shams University hospitals. </span>
<span>The hemodialysed patients were classified according to the results serum iPTH and bAP into two groups : </span>
<span> </span><span>Group I : </span><span>Included 18 patients (30%) with serum iPTH level </span><span></span><span>150 pg/ml and serum bAP </span><span> </span><span>27 ng/ml. </span>
<span> </span><span>Group II : </span><span>Included 42 patients (70%) with serum iPTH level > 150 pg/ml and serum bAP > 27 ng/ml. </span>
<span>The serum level of intact osteocalcin was measured for the control group and for all hemodialysed patients. </span>
<span>The results revealed highly significant stastical differences in serum level of intact osteocalcin between all patients group and the control subjects being lower in control group. </span>
<span>Also, the results revelaed that 30% of all patients group had adynamic bone disease and comparison between serum level of intact osteocalcin in adynamic bone disease group versus other patients group was highly significant, being higher in other patients group. </span>
<span>There was no significant difference between adynamic bone disease patients and other patients as regard serum phosphorus, and serum calcium but there was a sigificant difference as regard age, while highly significant difference as regard sex, duration of hemodialysis, serum intact osteocalin, iPTH and bAP. </span>
<span>These results suggest that combined estimation of serum iPTH, serum intact osteocalcin, and bAP can provide a useful information on the bone status in uremic patients and repesent reliable non invasive diagnostic tools for the prediction of adynamic bone disease. </span>https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18064_6244fc7f9a6452ddbc49def0d57b794e.pdf