2024-03-28T20:04:14Z
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=3782
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Protective Effect of Allium sativum and Nigella sativa Against NO-Mediated Alterations in Dimethylhydrazine- Induced Colon Cancer rats.
El-Sayed H.
El-Tamany
Awatif M.
Abd El-Maksoud
Ehsan H.
Hassan
Abd El-Aziz M.
Abd El-Galil
Shawkia S.
El-Sherbiny
Ismail M.
Abdel-Nabi
Plasma levels of nitric oxide (NO) and α-tocopherol as well as catalase activities in colon and liver tissues were assessed in 1, 2 dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer rats. Five groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed the experimental diets supplemented with Allium sativum powder and Nigella sativa seeds (2.5%, 5%) or a mixed dose of both plants (5% of each) for 24 weeks, experimental period. At the fifth week rats were subcutaneously injected with dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH) at a dose of 20mg/kg body weight for 20 weeks. Another two groups of rats were fed the basal diet for the same period, the first group designed as negative control group and injected with saline solution while the second group was injected with DMH at the same dose and designed as positive control group. Colon carcinogenesis was accompanied by a significant increase in the level of NO as well as catalase activity and significant decrease in plasma levels of α-tocopherol. Only the 5% Allium sativum powder fed group exhibited a significant decrease in NO level. Administration of Allium sativum powder and the mixed dose caused significant decrease in colonic and hepatic catalase activities and significant increase in α-tocopherol levels. On the other hand, the effects of Nigella sativa seeds on the measured parameters were non significant. These results were confirmed by the histopathological results that showed low incidence of colon tumors in rats fed 5% Allium sativum powder (17%) and the mixed dose (56%) fed groups. It could be concluded that the promising effect of garlic in DMH-induced colon cancer rats may be mediated through modulation of plasma levels of nitric oxide and α-tocopherol as well as tissue catalase activity.
Colon carcinogenesis
DMH
histopathology
Allium sativum (garlic)
Nigella Sativa
Nitric oxide
α-Tocopherol
catalase
rat
2004
04
01
1
14
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18182_f6e17ea338172d60b887edcdc79e2321.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Effects Of Candesartan Cilexetil Drug And Allium Sativum On Certain Enzymes And Biochemical Parameters In Hyperlipidemic Mice
Mahmoud R.
Mahmoud
The present study was performed to investigate the possible correlation between the effects of candesartan cilexetil (3 mg/kg b.w.) and garlic; allium sativum (100 mg/kg b.w.) alone and in combination on high cholesterol diet (HCD) male mice . Candesartan cilexetil alone and their combination with garlic were given orally to animals fed on hypercholesterolemic diet by gavage for 12 weeks . Results of this investigation showed that animals under high cholesterol diet exhibited some sort of changes in the blood, plasma and tissue levels of leukocytes,cholesterol, triglyceride and enzymes where they increased significantly while some decrease exhibited in heart weight, LDH-cholesterol and testosterone hormone compared with that of the normal diet animals. Candesartan cilexetil garlic or their combination significantly decreased the plasma and tissue levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) , while they increased significantly the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C). On the contrary, candesartan and candesartan in combination with garlic decrease WBCs, neutrophils and platelets significantly in compared with that of the (HCD) animals. This study included the total body and heart weights. Heart weight increased significantly in candesartan, garlic and their combination treated group. On the other hand, there were significantly decreases in body weight in candesartan, garlic and their combination compared with that of the high cholesterol diet treated animals. The effect of candesartan, garlic and their combination upon serum and liver levels of ALP, AST, ALT and ChE enzymes were investigated. Serum and liver ALP, AST, ALT and ChE were increased significantly in candesartan treated group but they decreased markedly in garlic and its combination with candesartan in serum and liver respectively compared with that of the high cholesterol diet animals. Candesartan decreased plasma level of testosterone while garlic and its combination with candesartan increased the testosterone hormone significantly compared with that of the high cholesterol diet animals. In conclusion, animals given garlic have improved physiological functions and induced significant causes of antiatherosclerosis effect. Also, these observations show that garlic is efficacious in lowering blood lipid profils and thereby could maintain protection with hypertensive drugs.
2004
04
01
15
29
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18183_d61263c5004c9203470243f0dbfc8270.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Toxic and Teratogenic Effects of Azadirachtin of Neemix-4.5 on Fetuses and Pups of SWR/J Mice
F. M.
Abou-Tarboush
H. M.
El-Ashmaoui
Inbred normal adult SWR/J mice were used to evaluate the toxic and teratogenic short- and long term effects of various dose levels (0.9, 1.8, 3.0, 9.0, 45.0, which represent 1/100, 1/50, 1/30, 1/10, 1/2 LD50, respectively) of azadirachtin of neemix-4.5 ( insecticide product )on fetuses and pups of pregnant females.
The oral administration of the different dose levels of azadirachtin on days 7-12 of gestation or on a 80-day period has not produced any morphological or skeletal changes in fetuses and pups of SWR/J mice. As the pharmacokinetics of azadirachtin and its bioavailability to the fetus are unknown, the essentially negative results obtained in the present study may be due either to the lack of toxic potential or to lack of fetal exposure.
Neemix-4.5
Azadirachtin
teratogenicity
Fetotoxicity SWR/J mice
2004
04
01
30
39
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18184_77ba6394217a6d5c450b1e837be25297.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Chemoprevention of Barley and Sage against acrylamide-Induced genotoxic, biochemical and histopathological alterations in rats
Sekena, H.
Abd El-Aziem
Karima, F.
Mahrous
Mosaad A.
Abdel-Wahab
Mahmoud A.
M
Azza M.
Hassan
Acrylamide (ACR) has recently been found in fried and backed foods, suggesting widespread public exposure. ACR is an industrial chemical material that causes neurotoxicity in humans and was designated as a probable human carcinogen by IARC and USEPA. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of barley and sage against ACR mutagenicity and biochemical and histopathological changes in rats. Forty mature male rats were divided into eight groups and were fed barley and/or sage-supplemented diet (5%) with or without ACR (50 mg/kg b.w). The biochemical results revealed that ACR increased Alanine amino transferase (ALT), Aspartate amino transferase (AST), triglycerides (TG), cholesterol and uric acid. Micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes and chromosomal aberrations in somatic and germ cells were significantly increased in ACR-treated animals. Severe pathological lesions included testicular degeneration, oedema, spermatid giant cells formation and necrosis of spermatid cells were found in the testis of ACR-treated group. The kidney of this group showed degenerative changes. Cotreatment with barley and/or Sage and ACR resulted in a significant improvement in all the parameters tested. It could be concluded that these plants contain antioxidant compounds and may be useful when add as food additive to the food cooked on a higher temperature.
acrylamide
Barley
Sage
chromosomal aberrations
kidney
testis
2004
04
01
40
56
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18185_889f824f92cb7f5fa99b5d0379a4aff2.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Effect Of Permethrin, Pirimiphos Methyl And Bendiocarb On The Osmotic Resistance Of Rat Erythrocytes
Salwa A.
Metwally
Hala M.
Fawzy
Environmental pollution by insecticides is one of the most important problems in the world. Some of the pesticides were found to exert carcinogenic, teratogenic and/or mutagenic effects even following normal agricultural use (U.S.Geological Survey, 1997). On the other hand residues from insecticides, herbicides and insect growth hormones are known to represent the most common food contaminants particularly in developing countries. Thus the wide spread use of insecticides in agriculture stimulated our interest for studying their possible toxic effect(s) in man and animals.
The aim of the present work was to study the effect of short term (for 2 weeks) oral daily feeding with diet containing 10 times the human maximum acceptable daily intake (a concentration that may be faced by human) of either permethrin, pirimiphos-methyl or bendiocarb on osmotic fragility of rat erythrocytes.
Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into four groups, each consists of 10 animals. Animals of each group were fed either normal diet (control group), permethrin (21.7 ppm), pirimiphos-methyl (4.4 ppm) or bendiocarb (2.0 ppm) for 2 weeks. Twenty four hours later, blood samples were withdrawn and osmotic fragility was determined. The obtained results indicated that permethrin, pirimiphos-methyl and bendiocarb increase the osmotic fragility.
2004
04
01
57
64
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18186_64696703fe07e207e5754d8700adc5d9.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Retinol and Alpha-Tocopherol Levels Among Hemodialysis Patients.
Awatif M.
Abd El Maksoud
Asmaa M
. Abd Allah
Mervat A.
Ismail
Waleed
Massoud
Plasma retinol, alpha tocopherol, total cholesterol and triglycerides were measured in 40 patients aged 27-65 years, under regular hemodialysis (HD) for 1.8-13 years at Ahmed Maher teaching Hospital and in 28 healthy age and sex matched control. Predialysis and postdialysis measurements were also, done for a subset of 13 hemodialytic patients.
Among hemodialytic patients ,all values ( Plasma retinol ,alpha- tocopherol, total cholesterol and triglycerides )were significantly higher ( p < 0.05 ) with respect to healthy control .The ratio of retinol to total cholesterol was significantly higher , while alpha-tocopherol to total cholesterol ratio was insignificant .In almost all hemodialytic patients, plasma retinol was at toxic level (> 100 ug /dl) except for one patient .
On the other hand ,alpha-tocopherol level in hemodialytic patients was ranged between deficiency (<650 ug/dl ) in about 6 (15%) of them , marginal level (650-860 ug/dl ) at 3 ( 8% ) , while 9 (23%) had normal level (860-1080ug/ dl) and the rest 22 (54% ) were in the optimum level (> 1080 ug/dl). Comparing predialysis and postdialysis measurements , the hemodialytic patients showed non significant difference concerning retinol level , while alpha tocopherol was significantly decreased in postdialytic state .In conclusion ; further studies are needed to answer, if hemodialytic patients are at risk for symptomatic vitamin A toxicity?. Even with normal or low plasma vitamin E, it is needed as an antioxidant accessory therapy in hemodialytic patients.
Hemodialysis
retinol
alpha-tocopherol
triglycerides total cholesterol
2004
04
01
65
71
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18187_9681a350b962a11da81a042d9c7ad2fc.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Effect of Androgen and Schistosomicide In Murine Schistomiasis Mansoni: An Experimental Study
Nabil
Abdel Mageed
Ehsan
Hassan
Azza
Hegazy
Nagwa M.
Abdel Wahab
Background: Impotence is a consistent inability to sustain an erection sufficient for
sexual intercourse. Testosterone administration in men with liver cirrhosis improves the sense of well-being, increase serum proteins and reduces edema without serious adverse effects. Oral, alkylated forms of testosterone can create a situation of liver toxicity. There is little evidence that other methods of administration cause liver dysfunction. Most doctors be indecisive on prescribing androgen preparations in patients with liver disease, so this work was designed to study the effect of androgen replacement (injectable form) on the murine diseased liver, and subsequently whether it can be used safely in men with chronic liver disease or not.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of exogenous injectable androgen and praziquantel on the diseased liver of mice.
Setting: National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute (NHTMRI).
Materials and methods: Forty male mouse (weighing 25-30 g) were infested subcutaneously with Schistosoma mansoni (100 cercariae/animal), and then they were divided into four groups. Mice in the first group were infected only and used as infected control group. Mice of group II and IV were given the Schistosomicide, praziquantel in a dose of 0.3mg/mouse. Androgen (Sustanon) was injected intramuscularly in a dose of 0.125 mg/mouse, (three doses, 3 weeks apart) in group III and IV. At the end of the trial all animals were then sacrificed to study histopathologically the possible effects of androgen on the liver tissue. Liver function tests were done in animals of group I, III, and IV, first prior to study and finally by the end of study. Results of assayed liver function tests and histopathological examination were tested for statistical significant association.
Results: there were marked elevation of the liver enzymes in mice of group IV compared to the corresponding control (p<0.01) and mice of the third group (p<0.01), which reflect deterioration of hepatic function in those mice received the antibilharzial drug praziquantel. On the other hand there was statistical difference between control group (group I) and androgen treated group III (P < 0.05). Histological examination of liver sections of mice in all groups revealed the presence of typical bilharzial granulomas. The mean diameter of bilharzial granulomas clearly dropped to 283.20 micrometer in group II compared to 392.55 in corresponding control. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant (p = 0.000). ). In group III there was no statistical difference in the number of egg granulomas (P> 0.05) compared to group I. There was a reduction of granulomas diameter in group III and IV (animals injected with androgen) in comparison to group I (P>0.05 and P<0.01) respectively. Also comparison between the four groups as regards the type of bilharzial granulomas, it is clearly evident that the predominant type of granulomas in the androgen treated groups is the cellular type (38% and 57.1%) in group III and IV respectively and this may reflect the possible beneficial effect of androgen on the diseased liver.
72
2004
04
01
72
82
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18188_0fdea68b8c1e26cae713cbc9ec09f15c.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Biochemical and histopathological studies on the influence of aqueous extract of fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum graecum) on alloxan diabetic male rats.
Enas A. M.
Khalil
Diabetes and the related complications continue to be a major medical problem in Egypt. In spite of the warning of adaptation for regime diet, practicing exercise and administering hypoglycaemic drugs.
The toxic side effects, contraindication and sometimes diminutions in response after prolonged use of antidiabetic drugs encouraged to search for therapeutic herbal remedies for safety, efficacy and economy . Diabetes is manifested by multiple disturbances in the metabolic processes of the body, which are attributed to an insufficient supply of insulin. Many plants were known for their activity as antidiabetic agents
This investigation aims to clarify the role of fenugreek seed aqueous extract in its therapeutic dose on beta cells number, blood glucose and plasma insulin levels in alloxan diabetic rats. Also to illustrate the functional biochemical changes and the associated histopathological alternations in pancreas, liver, kidney, aorta and testes as influenced by fenugreek and alloxan induced diabetes for 4-weeks of treatment.
24 adult male albino rats were divided into four groups, control, diabetic, diabetic rats treated with 0.1mg/kg B.W. of fenugreek seed aqueous extract and 0.1mg/kgB.W. fenugreek treated group for 4-weeks.The results indicated that, in the diabetic state significant increase in plasma glucose accompanied by significant reduction in plasma insulin and beta cells number. Significant increase in serum AST, ALT and ALP associated with dilatation and severe congestion of central vein and sinusoids, vacuolization and necrotic areas. Inflammatory area around portal tract. Significant increase in serum urea and creatinine accompanied by atrophy of most glomerular tuft, others displaying swelling and hyperemia. Diffuse extravagations of red blood cell between the degenerated renal tubules. Dilatation and severe congestion of blood vessels. Dilated convoluted tubules, contain hyaline casts in their lumens were observed. Significant increase in serum total cholesterol and triglycerides accompanied by degenerative changes in aorta and formation of medial calcinosis in some cases, significant decrease in serum testosterone levels associated by germ cells depletion as well as sloughing and degeneration of sperms.
In conclusion, fenugreek seeds exhibited antioxidant property could ameliorate the alternations induced in diabetes.
This investigation recommended that higher concentrations of debitterized fenugreek seeds may double the regeneration of beta –cells in pancreas, further studies would be done in mammals.
Fenugreek seed aqueous extract exhibited antioxidant property which ameliorated the biochemical and histopathological alternation induced by alloxan.
In conclusion, higher concentrations of debitterized fenugreek seeds can regenerate beta cells in pancreas; further studies would be done in mammals.
2004
04
01
83
94
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18189_4c7bd330b607d718cfbe0a6601447166.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Light and electron microscopic studies on lung and myocardium of the mice fetuses maternally treated with monosodium glutamate and role of vitamin E against toxicity
The lung and myocardium of fetal mice were used in the present investigation as a model to evaluate the possible effect of monosodium glutamate as one of the flavor food additives. Vitamin E was also used as one of the antioxidant agents against wide range of cellular damage.
In this study, light microscopic examination revealed that monosodium glutamate caused narrowing of the lung airways, thickening of the alveolar walls and collapsing of the alveoli. The cardiac muscles showed severe atrophy and abundance of blood capillaries. The ultrastructure studies revealed remarkable damage of type I and type II pneumocytes as well as the endothelial cells. Severely degenerated alveolar areas and accumulated collagen bundles were detected in the alveolar wall. The ultrastructure of the fetal myocardium revealed severe atrophy and destruction of cardiac muscle fibers. Some of these fibers tend to accumulate around blood capillaries which lined by attenuated endothelium. Numerous fibroblasts, fibrillary network, collagen and macrophages were obvious in the myocardium of these fetuses.
Light and ultrastructural results showed that the treatment of pregnant mice with vitamin E leads to apparent repair of the lung tissues that may suggest a remarkable efficacy of this vitamin against pulmonary damage. On the other hand, the protective effect of vitamin E on the fetal myocardium was weak.
2004
04
01
95
117
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18190_0ff69098d8fe18ef0047a865b2d40a46.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Evaluation of the hepatoprotective activity of an aqueous extract of olive leaves in male albino rats
Enas A. M.
Khalil
Olive leaf extract is used for centuries in treatment of various medical purposes. This investigation aims to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of an aqueous extract of olive leaves against overdose paracetamol .
18 rats were divided into three groups, control , 0.5 gm/kg B.W. intrapereitoneally (i. p.) paracetamol treated group and rats were given 2.5 gm /kg BW i. p. of olive leaf aqueous extract for three consecutive days prior to the administration of paracetamol.
The results indicated that treatment with paracetamol caused a marked significant increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST),serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT)and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) accompanied by severe congestion of central and hepatic portal veins, vacuolization and ballooning also, a lot of pyknotic nuclei were detected with many small necrotic areas of hepatocytes. Meanwhile group treated by olive leaf extract followed by paracetamol displayed significant reduction in serum (AST),(ALT)and (ALP)associated with nearly normal hepatocyte architecture.
In conclusion, an aqueous extract of olive leaves has antioxidant property could protect against liver damage occurred by overdose paracetamol in male albino rats.
2004
04
01
118
123
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18191_4c5762872a2e61b7b36a9242112217fa.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2004
15
1
Use of Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Insufficiency after Cardiac Surgery
Mohamed Abdel Rahman
Salem
Background: Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) using bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) ventilation is a safe and effective mean of improving gas exchange in many types of respiratory failure. The results of application of NIPPV to patients who had cardiac surgery and developed respiratory failure after extubation still to be investigated.
Aim of work: To compare the efficacy of NIPPV delivered through a face mask with the efficacy of conventional mechanical ventilation (CV) delivered through an endotracheal tube and investigates its hemodynamic effects in this group of patients.
Materials and Methods: NIPPV and CV were applied to twenty four patients in two groups who had open heart surgery and suffered from severe respiratory deterioration after tracheal extubation. Respiratory and invasive hemodynamic parameters were measured before starting ventilation, 1, 6, 12 hours, and before and after weaning of ventilation and incidence of ventilatory complications were recorded.
Results: Respiratory parameters improved significantly in patients in both groups after one hour but one patient was intubated in NIPPV group. There were no significant differences between the two groups as regards the hemodynamics and respiratory parameters. Respiratory complications and infection were not noticed in NIPPV group during the study.
Conclusion: NIPPV is considered an effective method of treating patients with acute respiratory insufficiency after cardiac surgery with minimal effects on respiratory and
hemodynamic parameters. It reduces the mechanical ventilation.
2004
04
01
124
131
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_18192_1246cdb17532b3dc6aae16ffaca36286.pdf