2024-03-29T17:49:25Z
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=2002
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Acceptance of Seasonal Influenza Vaccination by Healthcare Workers in Security Forced Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Meshari Zayed
Almutari
Abdullah Mohammad
Alluhaidan
Yazid Saad
Alotaibi
Ryan Mohammed
Alamri
Abdulmajeed Mualla M
Alotaibi
Mohamed Saud
Alshamari
Turki Khalid
Alotaibi
Nora Talal
Alnashri
Background: influenza is a major respiratory tract infection that can cause substantial morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO), United States (US) Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the immunization guidelines set by many countries including Saudi Arabia recommended the influenza vaccination of healthcare workers (HCWs).
Objectives: to estimate the influenza vaccination rate among HCWs in Security Forced Hospital and to study the effect of the HCWs’ beliefs about influenza vaccine and influenza disease on acceptance of influenza vaccine by HCWs in Security Forced Hospital.
Methods: the study is a retrospective study conducted in Security Forced Hospital between September and December 2017. Data were collected using a self-administrated well-structured questionnaire to get the relevant data needed in our study.
Results: out of the 249 participants, 126 (50.6%) have received the influenza vaccine. Most of our participants were Saudi (70.3%), married (70.7%) and Muslims (78.3%). While, 33% of them were degree holder, 36.5% were university students and 30.5% were having less education level. The income of most of the participants (36.1%) was more than 15000 SAR per month.
Conclusion: the vaccination against influenza plays an important role in prevention of infection.Further studies with lager population in different societies are recommended.
Seasonal Influenza
Vaccination
Healthcare workers
2018
01
01
1719
1726
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10241_37bf4e4052e0d9b712cbc15e5faf2197.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Prospective Study of Intraoperative Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Application during Cesarean Section
Emad A. Rahman
EL Tmamy
Ahmed T.
Abd ELfttah
Mohamed I.
ELmohandes
Amr
Mohamed
Background: intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is the most widely used method of reversible fertility regulation in the world. Over 100 million women worldwide use it for contraception. Many cultures have addressed the need for successful fertility regulation by embracing and expanding IUCD. IUCD is one of the most popular methods of contraception in Europe and Latin America, ranging from 10% to 30% of women contraception. In Cuba, Egypt, and North Korea, IUCD use accounts for more than 50% of contraceptive use. In China, 83% of married women used contraception and 36% of these women used IUCDs.
Patients and methods: this prospective study was conducted at Al-Galaa Maternity Teaching Hospital, dated from 20/7/2016 to 20/1/2017, where 100 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic were included according to special criteria. Results: according to our results, the PPIUCD was demonstrably safe, having no reported incidence of perforation, pregnancy with low rates of expulsion, pain abdomen, pelvic infection and lost strings. Continuation rate in intra-cesarean insertion was higher compared to vaginal insertion. Conclusion: routinely offering insertion of IUC at the time of elective cesarean section was popular among women. In addition, this study confirmed the low complication rate associated with insertion of IUCD at this time and an expulsion rate in keeping with that of insertion of IUC in women who are not postpartum
Prospective study
intrauterine
contraceptive
device
cesarian section
2018
01
01
1627
1630
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10244_cae9b701cab105bb82f1072bbf252591.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Open Vs Laparoscopic Splenectomy among Saudi Patients
Ghadah Abdulsalam
Aljoufi
Amnah Hassan Mansour
Alsaffar
Ali Shuja
Almatrafi
Sofanah Ahmad
Alkosui
Abdulaziz Mashuj
Alanazi
Abdulrahman Mohammed
alzuwayed
Fahad Matouq
Alkhuzaei
Ahmed Abdullah
AlGhamdi
Abdullah mohammed
Bafarat
Sultan Tareq
Talab
Mohammed Hamdan
Alwabisi
Yousef Ahmed H
AlEsaeed
Abdullah Mansour
Alharthi
Wafa Saleh
Alkhuzaie
Demah Hamoud
Alayadhi
Sulaiman Ahmed
Alhirbish
The spleen is one of the most frequently injured intraperitoneal organs, and management of splenic injuries may require splenectomy. Traditionally, surgical removal of the spleen was done by an open approach using either an upper midline or left subcostal incision. Open splenectomy is performed in two major clinical scenarios: trauma and hematologic disease. With the advent of minimally invasive techniques, laparoscopic splenectomy has become a standard procedure for elective removal of the spleen for most indications. Nowadays laparoscopic splenectomy is the approach of choice for both benign and malignant diseases of the spleen. However, some contraindications still apply. The evolution of the technology has allowed though, cases which were considered to be absolute contraindications for performing a minimal invasive procedure to be treated with modified laparoscopic approaches. Moreover, the introduction of advanced laparoscopic tools for ligation resulted in less intraoperative complications. Today, laparoscopic splenectomy is considered safe, with better outcomes in comparison to open splenectomy, and the increased experience of surgeons allows operative times comparable to those of an open splenectomy. In this review we discussed the indications and the contraindications of laparoscopic splenectomy. Furthermore, we analyze the surgical techniques.
spleen
Laparoscopic Splenectomy
Open Splenectomy
Technique
2018
01
01
1731
1736
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10245_1dfdadd398f5d56529fea240f31df6b7.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Evaluation of Knowledge, Practice and Preventive Measures of Hepatitis B Virus Among Dentists and Dental Auxiliaries Working at Private Clinics in Qassim Province Saudi Arabia
Ahmad Saud
Almutairi
Abdullah
Alfaris
Abdalmajeed
Alothaimeen
Bader Abdulaziz
Alzaben
Abdulaziz Sulaiman
Alkhodair
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a member of the family of the hepadna viridae, which is infectious for humans and a few animal species. At the beginning of the third millennium, HBV remains a major public health problem globally with more than one third of worlds’ population infected.Of these, 350–400 million suffer from chronic HBV infection. This infection has been identified as one of the most important causes of liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). According to the world health organization (WHO), more than 50 million cases of acute hepatitis B infection are reported annually with 5–10% of adults and up to 90% of infants becoming chronically infected. From the dangers that face the dentist and auxiliary dentist is infection transmission. This study was performed to search about the knowledge of viral hepatitis and ways to prevent transmission and protect the dentists from viral hepatitis.
Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study on dentists and dental auxiliaries working in private dental clinics in Al-Qassim city, Saudi Arabia. The total sample obtained was 98 dentists and dental auxiliaries.
Results: Nearly (36.3%) aged from 25-30 years old, (31.6%) aged from 31-35 years old, (22.4%) aged from 20-24 years old, and (9.2%) above 35 years old. The majority were dental hygienists and dental graduates, (46.9%) and (40.8%), respectively. Almost the majority of participants (99%) had at least some knowledge about viral hepatitis. (52%) thought hepatitis B vaccine can be given as post-exposure prophylaxis.
Conclusion: In conclusion, we need to emphasize on the preventive measures of transmission of viral hepatitis among dentistry clinical field doctors.
Practice
Knowledge
dentists
Hepatitis
2018
01
01
1737
1741
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10247_dba6f72985dd613a7d1f444f047a13f2.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Brucella Induced Thyroiditis: Case Report and Literature Review
Abrar N.
Fatani
Abdullah A.
Alesa
Ahmed M.
Alfaidi
Rawia F.
Albar
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that can affect multiple organs and tissues in the human body with various clinical presentations; however the thyroid gland is rarely involved. There are many species of Brucella, but only a few can cause symptomatic infections to humans, with Brucella melitenses being the most common. Here we report a case of Brucella induced thyroiditis which presented with pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) and a neck swelling. The patient had abnormal thyroid function test and a positive Brucella serum agglutination. Early diagnosis and appropriate anti Brucella management showed great response and the patient fully recovered. we hope to shed some light on this rare complication of Brucella infection through our study. We have conducted a literature review of six cases that reported the same condition with some notable differences. We believe that it is crucial to include brucellosis in the deferential diagnosis of any patient presenting PUO especially when there is a positive history of unpasteurized dairy product consumption.
Brucellosis
Thyroiditis
Thyroid diseases
2018
01
01
1742
1744
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10252_a92dd1bcbee9677ddd7d98cd5de35543.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Fungal Cerebellar Abscess in an Immunocompetent Patient
Muath A
Gadouri
Saja A.
Shafei
Tariq A.
Madani
Objective: We aimed to describe a case of fungal cerebellar abscesses due to Aspergillus in an immunocompetent patient. Methods: This was a case report of a patient who presented at King Abdulaziz University Hospital for management of fungal cerebellar abscess. Results: A 27-year-old Saudi patient presented with signs of cerebellar dysfunction, reduced visual acuity outcome, and hoarseness following medical therapy and neurosurgery for cerebellar aspergillosis. Brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed findings that were suggestive of a recurrent or residual abscess. Treatment was initiated with oral corticosteroids and liposomal amphotericin B. Two weeks later, liposomal amphotericin B was substituted for oral voriconazole. An initially planned surgical excision was deferred following the improvement of the patient’s symptoms. Conclusion: Fungal cerebellar abscesses due to Aspergillus are extremely rare, especially in immunocompetent patients. A high index of suspicion coupled with aggressive neurosurgical intervention and medical treatment can lead to a favorable outcome in patients with cerebellar abscesses due to Aspergillus.
FUNGAL
Cerebellar
abscess
Immunocompetent
Patient
2018
01
01
1745
1747
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10258_fc07868e5708873c596d5ddd3d0a3997.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Acute Lower Limb Deep Venous Thrombosis Diagnosed by Doppler Ultrasound among Bedridden Patients
Fares Abdullah
Alaskar
Fahad Khalid
Albahili
Malik Azhar
Hussain
Basel Waleed
Khurfan
Background: Acute lower limb deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a serious condition that could lead to venous thromboembolism (VTE). Up to our knowledge, little is known about the risk factors for developing acute lower limb DVT in bedridden patients across Saudi Arabia. So we conducted this study aiming to determine the incidence and medical conditions that increase the risk for developing acute lower limb DVT in suspected cases of bedridden patients admitted in or referred to Radiology Department, King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital for lower limb Doppler ultrasound examination. Method: A cross sectional study of 83 patients admitted in or referred to KAU hospital during the year 2016 and underwent lower limb Doppler examination. Result: The reported incidence of lower limb DVT, after undergoing lower limb Doppler examination, in the suspected cases reviewed by Radiology Department, King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital in Jeddah was 13 (15.7%). The cases of DVT was 76.9% women. Elderly was the highest risk factor of acute limb DVT as 53.8% were elderly patients, followed by diabetes 30.8%, hypertension 15.4% and cancer 7.7%, The effect of the studied risk factors on DVT was insignificant (P value >0.05). Conclusion & recommendations: Lower Limb DVT has high prevalence (15.7%) in bedridden patients in Jeddah, KSA. Thrombophilia screening should be reserved for elderly, diabetics, hypertensive, and those with cancers or patients with other risk factors. Knowing the most common risk factors and their significance in developing DVT is essential for early detection of DVT to prevent the unwanted complications.
Acute Lower limb DVT
Doppler Ultrasound
Cross sectional study
2018
01
01
1748
1751
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10261_ca51270e049104141145166191d1b73d.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Medical Students’ Beliefs and Attitudes Towards Schizophrenia Before and After Psychiatric Training in Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Dina Khaled
Alhajri
Afnan Abdullah
Alghamdi
Background: Public surveys have shown that the general population has limited knowledge about mental illness and holds unfavorable attitudes towards the people who suffer from it in various, culturally diverse, countries.
Aims: The aim of the present study was to explore medical students’ beliefs and attitudes towards people with schizophrenia (PwS) prior to receiving any training in psychiatry and to assess the impact of the psychiatric placement on changing them.
Methods: A questionnaire addressing beliefs, attitudes and desired social distance from PwS was distributed to all final year medical students before the beginning of their 4-week undergraduate psychiatric placement and upon its completion.
Results: Students did not endorse stereotypes commonly attached to PwS, such as being dangerous, lazy or of lower intelligence, but they held the view that PwS are unpredictable and suffer from split personality. Furthermore, the baseline level of desired social distance was found to increase as the intimacy of the interaction increased, and the only variable associated with it was personal experience of serious mental illness. Moreover, the placement was found to have either no influence at all or in a negative direction. Upon its completion more students were found to believe that PwS couldn’t recover, have no insight into their condition, cannot make reasonable decisions, cannot work in regular jobs and are dangerous to the public. No difference was recorded in social distance scores.
Conclusions: A close and critical examination of the various elements of the undergraduate placement in psychiatry is needed in order to develop an evidence based, fully rounded education with an anti-stigma orientation.
Attitudes
Medical students
Mental Illness
Schizophrenia
Stigma
2018
01
01
1752
1760
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10263_344ce696421c7ae93ca2c2374ea7736d.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Smoking and Vascular Disease
Dana Ibrahim
Alabdalqadir
Abdulmohsen Mohammed
Aldrees
Majed Hameed Madloul
Sayah
Wedyan Abdullatif
Alabdullatif
Mona Ahmed Al
Hamad
Abduaziz Ayedh Ali
Alghamdi
Heba Yousef
Alfrayheen
Abdulmohsn Ali
Almajhad
Sireen Yousef
Bakhsh
Mohammed Ali
Dahas
Fady Shaker
Saati
Ayman Ahmed
Almohammed
Ali Hussain
Aldraisi
Abdullah Ahmad
Alghamdy
Yazed Khalid
Alkhader
Fatimah Ali
Alomran
Background: Smoking is considered a crucial predisposing factor for the development of carotid diseases, cardiovascular disease, and peripheral artery disease. Around 10% of Americans have peripheral artery disease that is most likely related to smoking, and smoking is strongly associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms. The most important cause of death among smokers continues to be cardiovascular diseases. Methodology: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 1985, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: smoking, cardiovascular diseases, abdominal aortic aneurysms, peripheral vascular diseases, tobacco chemicals, smoking effects on blood vessels Aim: In this review, we aim to study the pathophysiology and mechanism of adverse effects caused by cigarette smoking upon the vascular system. Conclusion: Exposure to smoking both directly and indirectly is associated with significant increase in strokes, coronary heart diseases, aneurysms, and peripheral artery diseases. Atherosclerosis is also strongly associated with cigarette smoking. Smoking cessation will rapidly improve the overall health status and decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases. More studies are needed to evaluate and assess mechanisms associated with smoking-related cardiovascular diseases.
cardiovascular diseases
abdominal aortic aneurysms
peripheral vascular diseases
tobacco chemicals
smoking as a culprit
2018
01
01
1761
1766
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10266_4422a401f62f1863ac7b00637ee33eae.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Efficacy of Laryngeal Mask Airway in Neonatal Resuscitation
Mohamed B.
El-Ahmadi
Mohamed S.
El-Shimi
Ibrahim S.
AbuSaif
Soha M.
Khafagy
Rania M.
Mohamed
Aim: This study aimed at evaluating the use of LMA for resuscitation in the delivery room among newborn infants whom positive pressure ventilation (PPV) by bag and mask had failed. Materials and methods: This is a single center, prospective, unblinded, randomized clinical trial of LMA ventilation versus ETT on neonates during resuscitation upon delivery at Ain Shams Maternity Hospital during the period between January 2012 and January 2015. The Study included 80 newborns delivered in the Maternity hospital, Ain Shams University with gestational age of 34 weeks or more who needed neonatal resuscitation in the delivery room which was performed according to the current guidelines for neonatal resuscitation by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Results: In Our Study, there was significant correlation between the LMA and the ETT as both of them succeeded to achieve adequate ventilation of the resuscitated infants. Both groups showed statistical significant improvement between their Oxygen saturation at 1 minute & at 5 minutes. The ETT showed more improvement as the mean difference between 1 & 5 minutes was -27.4±3.07 compared to -26.5±3.4 among the LMA, but with insignificant difference between both groups. Comparison between Apgar score at 1 & 5 minutes in both groups is apparent, which showed statistical significant improvement in the 2 groups. However, the ETT group showed more improvement (although non-significant) as the mean difference between 1 & 5 minutes was -5.02±0.9 compared to -4.6±0.7 among the LMA group. Conclusion: The Laryngeal Mask Airway can be used as an efficient and successful alternative to endotracheal intubation in newborns > 2000 Gms who require neonatal resuscitation.
Neonatal Resuscitation
ETT
LMA
2018
01
01
1767
1772
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10267_fce7c6ee20fb3b8eb76052484b24ea7b.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Risk Factors of Stroke among Young Adults in KSA
Wejdan Nasser
Al Maqbul
Amina Abdo
Salhi
Sarah Naif
Aldewish
Sarrah Awad
Alshammari
Maram Mohammed
Al Yami
Ahmed Maashi
Alanazi
Background: Current literature suggests that hospitalization rates kept increasing with time because stroke risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes and obesity have been increasing in the general population. Moreover, stroke is particularly devastating among young people because of its disabling effects, which can last a lifetime. Stroke in young adults is often missed by less experienced clinicians due to its unexpectedness, leading to lost opportunities for intervention. Aim of the study: was to assess the awareness of young adults in KSA of the risk factors, signs and symptoms of stroke.
Methods:The present cross-sectional study enrolled 150 Saudi males and females who were randomly selected during the period from October2017 to December 2017.. A self-report questionnaire was used to evaluate STROKE awareness among participants while Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) method was used for data analysis.
Results: Our study revealed that the majority of participants were able to relate stroke to the correct underlying risk factors particularly obesity and smoking which score 85.3% and 84.0% respectively. Likewise, 75% agreed that fatty food is a contributing risk factor for stroke while only 61% thought that diabetic patients are at a higher chance for developing stroke. As for the signs of cerebral stroke, the majority of participants had basic knowledge on the signs and symptoms of stroke such as hypertension (83%), face drop , difficulty speech and arm Weakness(76%).In the meantime, Overall , an average of 13% of participants declared no knowledge across all questions. Conclusions: Our study revealed improved yet still insufficient knowledge of brain stroke among the study group of young Saudi females and males adults regardless to the age group since the majority of participants were able to correlate stroke with the key predisposing risk factors as well as the signs of stroke. This indicates that proper intervention was in place to spread the awareness of this crucial medical emergency. However, this effort needs to continue to further improve knowledge about stroke, risk reduction, and appropriate stroke response and prevention. Nevertheless, further studies should be conducted on a larger scale to make a definite conclusion on the regression of stroke awareness in young adults population in Saudi Arabia.
stroke
Intravenous thrombolysis
Hypertension
Ischemic stroke
Awareness
Saudi Arabia
2018
01
01
1773
1777
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10268_8311028e834dddbb644135553434b449.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Comparison between the Efficacy of Transureteral Lithotripsy and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy in the Treatment of Distal Ureteral Stone
Mahmoud Ezzat
Ibrahim
Ahmed Tawfik
Hasaan
Ahmed Mohamed
Helmy
Objective: To compare the efficacy, cost effect and safety of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and ureteroscopy (URS) for distal ureteric calculi by evaluating stone-free rates, retreatment rates, need for auxiliary procedures, associated complications and technical consideration with respect to patient satisfaction. Patient and method: 70 patients with single unilateral radiopaque distal ureteric stone ranges from 0.8 cm to 1.2 cm in diameter and ≥1.5 cm in length were enrolled in a prospective randomized trial. Patients were randomized to undergo URS (35) or ESWL (35). The electromagnetic Dornier lithotripter S was used for ESWL and a semi-rigid Olympus ureteroscope, 7° direction of view, angled ocular,8.6/9.8 Fr. x 43 cm, 6.4 Fr. channel was used for URS. Patient and stone characteristics, treatment parameters, clinical outcomes, and patient satisfaction were assessed for each group. Results: Patients in the ESWL group achieved a 77.1% overall stone-free rate (SFR) with a 74.3% retreatment rate and no auxiliary procedure was done. Complications occurred in 11.4% of patients treated with ESWL. Patients in the URS group achieved a 97.1% overall SFR with a retreatment rate of 8.6% and an auxiliary procedure rate of 100%. Complications occurred in 31.4% of patients treated with URS. Patient satisfaction was high for both groups, including 94.3% for URS and 77.1% for ESWL. ESWL were already at outpatient clinic so there were no admissions or hospital stay. While in URS group patients admitted with mean hospital stay 1.6±0.5 day.
Conclusions: In the treatment of large distal ureteral calculi ≥ 1.5 cm, both URS and ESWL modalities are comparable but URS is recommended as a first option as it is more effective than ESWL regarding stone-free rate and it provides immediate stone clearance with lower retreatment rates and higher patient satisfaction.
ureteral calculi
Ureteroscopy
Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy
2018
01
01
1778
1783
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10319_7cc1ddc89dae5c762aa9853ec402f313.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Causes of Absenteeism Rate among Staff Nurses at Medina Maternity and Child Hospital
FL.
Alharbi
TB.
Almuzini
AA.
Aljohani
KA.
Aljohani
AR.
Albowini
ME.
Aljohani
MM.
Althubyni
Background: Multiple factors are associated with absenteeism among nursing staff around the world with an increasing rate that affects the delivery of health care to patients and reflects non-satisfaction of the nursing staff. Objectives: Evaluating the factors associated with high rates of absenteeism among staff nurse in Medina Maternity and Child Hospital (MMCH).
Methods: This is a descriptive study that was conducted among a sample of 405 nurses working at MMCH. The study tool included a questionnaire sheet of 2 parts as demographics and causes of absenteeism. All the nurses were interviewed and asked to fill up the questionnaire sheet.
Results: Most of the included nurses had Diploma degree and about 5 years of experience (50.4%).
The majority of nurses had good knowledge about the effects of absenteeism on work performance. The most common etiological factors associated with absenteeism were no overtime payment (75.6%) and social reasons among 77.8 % of nurses.
Conclusion: The increasing rates of absenteeism among nursing staff working in MMCH were not founding the payment for overtime work followed by social reasons for nurses. Thus, considering over-time and working status as shift times and numbers of nurses per shift are important motivators that could decrease the rates of absenteeism among nursing staff and increase the rates of nurses satisfaction to their jobs.
Staff nurses
absenteeism
rates
Medina
KSA
2018
01
01
1784
1788
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10320_692ff7d4831ccde464c8442f23c78f2a.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Beliefs on Influenza Disease and Vaccine among Health Care Workers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Khalid A
Alghamdi
Adnan A
Alshumrani
Majed A
Althagafi
Saleh H
Alzahrani
Mohammed A
Althagfi
Background: Seasonal influenza is considered to be a serious public health problem that may cause death in high risk population. It is very important for healthcare workers who are in direct contact with patients to get influenza-vaccinated. However most of the Middle East countries provide many vaccination programs to healthcare workers against influenza virus, the current vaccination rates are very low. This highlight the need to study the current knowledge and awareness about influenza vaccination in healthcare workers (HCWs) in Middle East and specifically Saudi Arabia.
Objectives: The aim for this study was to assess beliefs and awareness level about influenza vaccine among healthcare workers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Subjects and methods: A cross-control study was conducted using an anonymous web-based survey. A total of 172 subjects from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia took part in this survey during the period from 6 January 2018 to 20 January 2018.
Results: The majority of the subjects were females (58.7%), Saudi (88.4%), Muslims (99.4%), single (62.8%) with a mean (±SD) age of 27.28 ±8.39 years. 74.4% answered that their work is clinical. There was a statistically significant correlation between the knowledge score and each of “marital status” (p=0.039), “medical history” (p=0.032), “those intending to get vaccinated for the next season” (p=0.006). The highest scores were reported among “single” subjects, subjects with no “medical history” and those who were intending to get vaccinated for the next season.
Conclusion:Beliefs and awareness about influenza vaccination have very important effects on the rate of seasonal influenza vaccine of health care workers. We recommend tailoring educational programs and awareness campaigns in order to achieve better vaccination rates and decrease the risks associated with influenza infections in Saudi Arabia.
influenza
Seasonal Influenza
Vaccination
Knowledge
Saudi Arabia
2018
01
01
1789
1793
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10321_aa9c6fcf82a6c0f90f64bfcec4802b14.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Postpartum Depression among Saudi Women at National Guard Hospital and Alyamama Hospital in Riyadh in 2014-2015
Wala
Al-anazi
Esra
Al-amri
Saja
Al-hayan
Razan
Al-Bibi
Hawa Al-
Shammari
Munwah
Al-Rushaydan
Reem
Al-Munaysir
Sarah
Al-Rumayh
Waad Al-Shehria
Al-Shehri
Background: Postpartum Depression (PPD) is defined briefly as a “complication of birth where its reasons are differing from a carrier mother to mother”. Symptoms of PPD resemble those of any other depression disorders but PPD is characterized by the time of occurrence and period than any other depression.
Objectives: This study aimed to estimate proportion of postpartum depression among Saudi women and identify the social and psychological factors that related to postpartum depression.
Methods: The study included 150 postnatal females, selected randomly in (2014 -2015). The data collected through structured questionnaires. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to screen for PPD. Result: This study found that there was a strong statistical association between PPD and anxiety regarding baby's expenses (38.2%), PPD and having still births or babies born with health issues (62.6%). Also, in having PPD in a previous pregnancy (53.4%). In addition those who were having a history of depression associated with PPD (47.2%). Lastly, anxiety regarding baby's responsibilities had a border line association with PPD (69.9%). Also, we found that there was a strong associations between PPD and not receiving support from family or friends during pregnancy (35%), or from husbands during pregnancy (43.9%), not having husbands beside them during labor (55.3%), and not having a good marriage relationship (36.6%).
Conclusion: PPD was associated with stillbirth, unhealthy baby, history of PPD depression, anxiety about baby's responsibility or expenses, lack of support from family or husband and bad marriage.
Postpartum depression- Depression- Psychological factors – Baby blues
2018
01
01
1794
1800
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10325_0f87977902b7d8eb616d3f5f80b13b6b.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Satisfaction Level Among Nephrologists towards Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Referred from Primary Health Care System
Abdulmalik A.
Alkhodair
Saud N.
Aleisa
Mushref A.
Alghamdi
Abdulaziz A.
Alodhayani
Yasser A.
Alghamdi
Yasir I.
Alsenaidi
Background: chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk factors have been increased in the Saudi population. Therefore, primary health care physicians play a major role in controlling these risk factors, and prevent further kidney damage. Sometimes, Nephrology consultation is needed to provide them with an ideal medical care as soon as the diagnosis is made. Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the level of satisfaction among nephrologists towards primary health care referral system.
Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Participants were nephrologists who work in major hospitals. A designed questionnaire was used for data collection consisted of demographic data of the participant, causes of referral, quality of referral forms, and patients’ care prior referral.
Results: a total of 89 nephrologists were recruited in the study, most of them were males and non-Saudi physicians. Confirming the diagnosis and providing recommended treatment for the patients are the most common causes for referral. Most of the participants were satisfied about quality of referral and prior referral care. There was no difference in the satisfaction level among consultants compared to specialists. Whereas, private sector nephrologists were more satisfied.
Conclusion: Governmental hospitals have to work harder to improve their health system, as they are the main source for most of Saudi citizens’ health problems. Providing a nephrologist with good referral letter, and good communication between primary care physicians and other medical specialties provides a better health care to the patients.
End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD)
Kidney Failure
Referral Letter
Referral System
Primary Health Care Center
2018
01
01
1801
1807
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10331_66a0d47fe56b6cba056d9d0dda9eb91d.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Melanoma Awareness and self-examination Practices in Saudi Arabia
Amir
Khogeer
Azzam
Khogeer
Ammar
Alkhiary
Faisal
Almaghyadi
Mahmoud
Khan
Background: Althoughmelanoma rationalizes less than 1% of cases with skin cancer, it accounts for the greater number of skin cancer deaths.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the current knowledge and self-examination practices in Saudi Arabia.
Subjects and methods: A cross-control study was conducted using an anonymous web-based survey. A total of 203subjects from Saudi Arabia took part in this survey during the period from 11 December 2017 to 23 December 2017.Participants were asked to fill an anonymous survey about their demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding early detection of melanoma.
Results: The majority of the subjects were males (55%), university/post graduates (78%), single (83%) and have no children (89%).Around 76% of our population was aware of melanoma, about 65% were aware of its risk factor, and about 55% could identify its early symptoms. The greater number of subjects 196(96.6%) reported that they did not conduct self-examination.
Conclusion: Despite the fact that the majority of our population was aware of melanoma, our study suggests designing and implementing awareness campaigns and programs to highlight the importance of early detection of melanoma and skin self-examination (SSE).
Melanoma
Awareness
Self-examination
skin
Survey
2018
01
01
1808
1812
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10336_bee25aaa470c2f0bab508e4f73dab913.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
A Study of Tetany among The Saudi Population
Esraa Ahmed
Alshareef
Ziyad Zaid
Alkathiri
Reem Ibrahim
Al Rashidy
Alwaleed Fayduallah M
Al-Idriss
Roaa Kamil
Jumbi
Fatimah Abdulkarim
Al-Abdulkarim
Abdulaziz Saleh W
Althobite
Rahaf Essam
Kutbi
Nayef Muaazzi Saleh
Alblowi
Esraa Jamel A
Subahi
Yousef E Yousef
jan
Aim of the work: studies mentioning etiological distribution of tetany are rare and responsiveness concerning it is poor among physicians so, we tried to describe different causes of tetany beyond the decrease in total serum calcium level. Methods: patients with overt or latent tetany were assessed clinically and from laboratory investigations. Initial examinations completed were serum calcium, potassium and arterial blood gas analysis. Both ionized and total calcium were evaluated and corrected according to serum albumin level. Depending on initial reports, additional tests were completed for example, alkaline phosphatase, serum phosphate, parathyroid hormone and magnesium levels; and urine potassium, calcium and chloride levels. Results: Gitelman’s syndrome (GS), Bartter’s syndrome (BS), recurrent vomiting, anxiety hyperventilation, vitamin D3 deficiency (VDD), idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (IHP), postoperative hypoparathyroidism (PHP), acute pancreatitis, tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and hypomagnesemia were the different causes of tetany identified. Out of 106 patients, total serum calcium was normal in 82 patients with metabolic or respiratory alkalosis (GS, BS, recurrent vomiting, and anxiety hyperventilation). Total calcium was low only in 24 patients (in VDD, IHP, PHP, acute pancreatitis, TLS and hypomagnesemia). Ionized calcium was low in all patients. GS was the most common (38%). Recurrent vomiting (19%), anxiety hyperventilation (13%), and VDD (11%) were also common. PHP was less common (4%); acute pancreatitis, TLS, hypomagnesemia and IHP were uncommon. Conclusion: tetany has diverse etiologies. Both metabolic and respiratory alkalosis caused a decrease in ionized calcium and are responsible for the majority of cases of tetany. Causes other than decreased total calcium should be kept in mind for early etiological diagnosis of tetany.
hyperventilation
hypocalcemia
Gitelman’s syndrome
vitamin D3 deficiency
Vomiting
2018
01
01
1813
1817
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10340_4ea79bba93696e4a60546f030ea953ea.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Causes and Management of Ovarian Cysts
Zina Abdulkareem
Al Zahidy
An ovarian cyst is a sac filled with liquid or semiliquid material that arises in an ovary. While the discovery of an ovarian cyst causes considerable anxiety in women owing to fears of malignancy, the vast majority of these lesions are benign. Most patients with ovarian cysts are asymptomatic, with the cysts being discovered incidentally during ultrasonography or routine pelvic examination. Some cysts, however, may be associated with a range of symptoms, sometimes severe. Many patients with simple ovarian cysts found through ultrasonographic examination do not necessitate treatment. In a postmenopausal patient, a persistent simple cyst smaller than 10 cm in dimension in the presence of a normal CA125 value may be monitored with serial ultrasonographic examinations. When ovarian cysts are large, persistent, painful or have concerning radiographic or exam findings, surgery may be required, sometimes resulting in removal of the ovary. We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane database of systematic reviews and Cochrane central register of controlled trials from January 1, 1995, through January 1, 2017.
ovarian cysts
fetal and neonatal cysts
laparotomy and laparoscopy
2018
01
01
1818
1822
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10343_0ea8c2293870738eda373f26e4a10fd0.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Knowledge about Cervical Cancer among Women in Saudi Arabia
Samaher Sahal
Malibari
Aim of the work: cervical cancer is considered as a major wellbeing danger towards women. Many studies have shown that even with the high prevalence of cervical cancer the awareness of cervical cancer, cervical screening and human papilloma virus (HPV) is very low. This study aimed to evaluate the level of awareness of cervical cancer, Pap smear test and HPV among women in Saudi Arabia. Methodology: this descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among women in Saudi Arabia during the period from October 2017 to January 2018. A total of 412 participants were included in this study. Data were collected by using pre coded structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using the SPSS. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: the overall knowledge level of cervical cancer was good (78.6%), but it was low regarding the HPV (16.4%) and Pap smear screening test (35.9%). Conclusion: this study concluded that the level of knowledge about cervical cancer was generally good among women in Saudi Arabia, but there was low knowledge regarding Pap smear test and HPV as a main cause of cervical cancer and as sexual transmitted disease. There was a need for health education to increase the awareness of cervical cancer among women in Saudi Arabia.
Cervical Cancer
Knowledge
Pap smear
human papilloma virus (HPV
2018
01
01
1823
1825
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10345_ac62fbe8bcf00d8c359df1f6136ad28a.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
The Prevalence of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in Taif City Province and its Participating Factors
Nouf Jafar
ALzahrani
Nawal Swailem
ALotaibi
Nesriene M.
El Margoushy
Mohammed M.
Mougrabi
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a fatal disease caused by block in the oxygen supply of blood vessels of the heart muscles, leading to permanent heart muscle damage and death of its cells. Aim of work: to assess the relationship between incidence of acute myocardial infarction and its participating factors. Patients and methods: observational, descriptive correlation questionnaire based study on 50 Saudi and non Saudi patients with acute myocardial infarction who were admitted in cardiac intensive care unit (CICU), medical ward and followed in out-patient department (OPD). They were chosen from King Faisal Medical Center, cardiology department, Taif, Saudi Arabia from the first of March 2016 to the end of April 2016 (2 months duration). Results: Prevalence of MI patients in the 2 months of research was 1.4%. MI was precipitated by a number of factors in Saudi Arabia as old age, increased body mass index, stress, obesity and consumption of high caloric rich diet. Conclusion: The main risk factors of ACS in our patients were hypertension, Stress, obesity; high cholesterol diet and positive family history of cholesterol in addition to old age and smoking.
Recommendations: Combating precipitating factors of MI in Saudi Arabia can decrease the prevalence of the disease
myocardial infarction
Taif City
Participating Factors
2018
01
01
1826
1833
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10351_681a3e16cd3ec550d51ca4211f68e8e5.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Pattern of Thyroid Diseases in Arar City, Northern Saudi Arabia
Shahad Lafi
Alanazi
Nagah Mohamed
Abo El-Fetoh
Hadil Mohammed
Alenezi
Wasan Lafi
Alanazi
Khulud Falah
Alanazi
Adhwaa Saud
Alruwaili
Ohud Falah
Alanazi
Alaa Jameel
Ahmed
Nawal Ahmed
Alshammari
Maha Mukhlef
Alanazi
Aeshah Raja
Alanazi
Mashael Jaza
Alshammari
Background: Thyroid hormone acts as a vital factor of development and growth, and in adults plays a critical part in the regulation of the function and metabolism of virtually every organ system.
Study objective: The objective of this study was to identify the pattern of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia and some related socio-demographic determinants.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia. A multistage stratified random sampling technique was used. A pre-designed online questionnaire was distributed among the targeted population and filled by participants after a brief introduction or explanation of the idea of the research to the public. Sampled participants filled out the self-reported predesigned questionnaire to collect socioeconomic and thyroid diseases related data.
Results: The study included 160 participants. The total prevalence of thyroid diseases was 36(22.5%). Of the 36 reported cases of thyroid diseases, 11(30.5%) were reported as having hyperthyroidism and 25(69.5%) were having hypothyroidism. Of the 11 patients with hyperthyroidism9 (81.8%) were males and 2(18.2%) were females. Of the 25 patients with hypothyroidism, 4(16.0%) were males and 21(84.0%) were females.
Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is the prevalent form of thyroid diseases in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia, females: male ratio was about 1:5. Knowledge of various factors influencing thyroid dysfunction can help the public to guard against these prevalent diseases. More studies should be carried out in Arar city to stress on the individual thyroid disorder. The studies should be community based with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of cases.
hypothyroidism
Thyroid diseases
Hyperthyroidism
Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia
2018
01
01
1834
1841
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10352_c6727c9984a8cf7b4973f0542766a7bd.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Bacteria Patterns in Infected Diabetic Foot: Is There A Surgical Implication?
Yazeed
Aldhfyan
Anthony
Morgan
Munahi
Alsubaie
Abdulrahman
Alzahrani
Background: The number of patients suffering from diabetes and its complications in the world is doubling every 10-15 years. Apart from development of retinopathy, nephropathy, and diabetic-induced atherosclerotic changes in high caliber arteries. Critical ischemia with gangrenous changes of the lower limb has occurred quite often as a result of micro-angiopathy. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the bacterial spreading and related outcomes of treatment in 81 patients with diabetic foot complicated by infection. Materials and methods: A retrospective study based on the analysis of the patients medical records from the hospital database. The bacteriological analysis of the tissues from infected wounds, obtained during surgical debridement or amputation, were conducted in all patients. Microbiological investigations of the the contents of an aerobic and anaerobic bacterial flora in the wounds were compared and analyzed in all cases considered suitable for this study. Results: Analysis of microbial spreading revealed growth of bacteria in all diabetic foot wounds. Associations of aerobes with anaerobes were found in 89.9 % of the cases. Escherichia coli was the dominating agent among anaerobes (22%), leading to development of infectious process and distributed in a proximal direction along synovial-tendon sheets of the foot. Conclusion: Aggressive debridement of necrotized tissues, including proximal and distal parts of tendons up to 5 cm within the limits of healthy looking tissues may disrupt further spreading of purulent infection and lead to favorable outcome.
Diabetic foot
diabetic infection
diabetic complications
bacterial spreading
2018
01
01
1842
1846
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10353_87e8bfc9776ffff80024c4c1e76cb656.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Prematurity as an Obstetric Complication and its awareness in Saudi Population
Nuha Hazem
Bukhari
Majed Abdulkarim
Alaama
Bayan Mohammed
Alkhalili
Elaf Fawaz
Alharbi
Sara Ali
Beshlawi
Alanoud Ali
Alhamed
Bayan Ali
Alqarni
Zahra'a Abdullah Ebrahim
Assmary
Background: Prematurity is a major obstetric complication that affects infants’ growth and development, and is also a big cause of infant mortality across the world. Prematurity is associated with certain risk factors, such as age extremes, mother’s diet and health, multiple pregnancies, maternal infections, maternal smoking, inadequate follow-up, and insufficient management of maternal chronic diseases.
Aim: In this study we aim to study knowledge and attitude of pregnant women toward the prematurity causes and complication.
Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study, of 2470 women who presented in king Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from April 2017 to December
Conclusion: We noted that although most mothers were aware of the positive impact on their health by regular follow-up visits to physician, many of them were not largely informed of the common associated risk factors. Better prenatal counselling can help create better awareness.
prematurity
Obstetric Complication
2018
01
01
1847
1850
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10402_fc73332138cf8ee7914314dbba1c497c.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Factors Hindering the Healthy Subjects from Attempting Their First Blood Donation-A Cross-Sectional Study among The Citizens of Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
Leena
Alsaiari
Mohammad
Qari
Nouf
Al-Dawsari
Amir
Khogeer
Danah
Omran
Weaam
Waggas
Randa
Sultan
Amani
Al Mojeb
Background and Aims: Blood donation (BD) is described as altruistic behavior and one of the life-saving practices. The deficit of blood supply from BD has become a global concern. Knowledge, attitude, practice, and motivation play a key role in BD. This study is aimed to determine the factors that hinder the healthy individuals who have not donated blood yet from BD, by exploring the demographic and other variables among the citizens of Jeddah city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul-Aziz University (KAU), Jeddah, KSA, between June 01, 2016 to June 30, 2016. The study included 327 participants who were selected by convenient random sampling in the Jeddah City. The data was collected by using the online distribution of the previously validated questionnaire.
Results: Half of the participants (51.1%) have good knowledge about BD. More than two-thirds of participants showed a positive attitude towards BD. Majority of participants (87.7%) claimed that they will donate blood if the recipient is a friend or relative. The most chosen reasons for not donating blood among participants were BD did not cross their minds (23.9%), no time for BD (17.1%) and fear of needles (13.8%). Mobile blood campaign (84.4%) and one day off (83.2%) were important motivating factors for most of the participants. Almost half of the participants (52.29%) mentioned that BD should be non-remunerable, 26.61% agreed that remuneration is a motive and 21.10% believe that any form of gift is acceptable as a motivating factor for BD. Conclusion: Although most of the participants have good knowledge and positive attitude towards BD, still numerous potential and eligible donors evade BD. More awareness and motivational programmes are required to bring more individuals to the pool of regular donors.
Attitude
Blood Donation
Knowledge
motivation
Practice
Saudi Arabia
2018
01
01
1851
1857
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10405_2444c24e15bfd5c9a8d822766cb96491.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Awareness of Mothers about the Usage of Antibiotics and the Risk of Preterm Baby
Majed Abdulkarim
Alaama
Nuha Hazem
Bukhari
Asalah Fahad Atyah
Hamad
Rawan Mohamed
Alatassi
Hassna Hussein
Alharthi
Deem Hatim
Al-Fandi
Aliyah Mowaffag
Alanazi
Duaa Saeed
Alsaqer
Background: Pregnant women are exposed to a wide range of medications, including antibiotics. Although antibiotics are many times absolutely important to prevent and treat infections as well as prevent premature labor, their overuse poses a threat to the growing fetus as well as the mother. The ill-effects of antibiotic over-use and having them without prescription can cause developmental abnormalities in the fetus, known as teratogenicity. They could also cause maternal allergic reactions, as well as long term effects on the child’s immunity and growth in future.
Aim: In this study we aim to study the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women toward usage of antibiotics and risk of preterm baby.
Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study, of 2470 women who presented in king Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from April 2017 to December.
Conclusion: We noted that most mothers were aware of that they must not take antibiotics without prescription while pregnant, especially for ailments such as common cold and abdominal pain. However, the pharmacists must be regulated for unnecessary over-dispatching of antibiotics, especially without confirming the pregnancy status of the costumers.
Mothers
antibiotics
Preterm Baby
2018
01
01
1858
1861
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10409_9d2606b49e813a793283551873e97c21.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Hypothyroidism
Shahad
AbuAlhamael
Ammar
Balkheyour
Omar Ashour
Ashour
Shima
Aziz
Hassan
Alsini
Omar
Alghamdi
Background: hypothyroidism is of concern in our society; it has an effect on metabolic parameters.
Objective: this study aimed to predict the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among patients with hypothyroidism in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and to determine the effect of treating hypothyroidism on MetS.
Methods: we conducted this cross-sectional study, in which MetS was defined by presence of at least three of the five AHA/NHLBI criteria. We included patients with hypothyroidism that were managed in an outpatient department or admitted in King Abdulaziz University Hospital from 1 March to 30 April 2016. We measured lipid parameters, blood pressure (BP), waist circumference (WC) and serum fasting blood glucose (FBG).
Results: in total 57 patients were included in our study, of which 47 (82%) were females. the majority of patients were greater than 50 years of age (n=35, 60%). We found that 36.8% of patients uncontrolled for hypothyroidism had high levels of TSH (serum level of TSH >5 mlu/L) , while 64.9% of patients who were controlled for hypothyroidism had normal levels of TSH (serum level of TSH 0.5 - 5 mlu/L). Overall, 71.9% (n=41) of hypothyroidism patients had MetS. However, we found that 51.8% (n=21) uncontrolled hypothyroidism patients suffered from MetS and 48.2% (n= 20) patients controlled for hypothyroidism suffered from MetS. However, 70.68 %, 31.03%, 34.48%, 79.31% and 70.6% of participants had abnormal waist circumference (WC), hypertriglyceridemia, abnormal high-density lipoprotein (HDL), hypertension and elevated serum levels of fasting blood sugar, respectively
Conclusion: hypothyroidism plays an important role in MetS. Future advanced studies including larger numbers of patients are needed to test the effect of treating hypothyroidism on MetS. Routine screening for cardiovascular risk factors in patients with hypothyroidism may unmask MetS.
hypothyroidism
Metabolic syndrome
euthyroid
medicine
2018
01
01
1862
1866
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10412_f2eb7eee61034033e2b14a41cdc527b8.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Depression symptoms and Risk of Incident Asthma in Adults
Hanan Showei H
Fageeh
Mohammed Meshal A
Almeshal
Saleh Fouad M
Merza
Musaad Saad S
Albalood
Nayef Muaazzi Saleh
Alblowi
Bahna Mohammed Bahna
Alsahabi
Abeer Abdalaziz Al
Hatim
Murad Ahmed
Bahidan
Lujain Jamal M
Alfattany
Shaher Shakir S
Abdulrahim
Ahmed Ali R.
Alghamdi
Hassan Hamadan N
Aljohani
Background: Earlier studies have recommended that asthmatic patients regularly have comorbid depression; nonetheless, temporal associations remain uncertain.
Objectives: To determine whether depression predicts asthma and, on the other hand, whether asthma expects depression.
Methods: A literature search was conducted without language restrictions using Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane and PsycINFO for studies published before April, 2017. Papers referenced by the obtained articles were correspondingly reviewed. Only comparative prospective studies with reported risk estimates of the association between depression and asthma were included. In order to examine whether one of these conditions was predictive of the other, studies were excluded if enrolled participants had pre-existing depression or asthma. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled risk estimates for two outcomes: depression predicting asthma and asthma predicting depression.
Results: Seven citations, derived from 8 cohort studies, met our inclusion criteria. Of these, six studies reported that depression predicted incident adult-onset asthma, including 83,684 participants and 2,334 incident cases followed for 8 to 20 years. Conversely, two studies reported that asthma predicted incident depression. These studies involved 25,566 participants and 2,655 incident cases followed for 10 and 20 years, respectively. The pooled adjusted relative risks (RRs) of acquiring asthma associated with baseline depression were 1.43 (95% CI, 1.28–1.61) (P<0.001). The adjusted RRs for acquiring depression associated with baseline asthma was 1.23 (95% CI, 0.72–2.10) (P = 0.45).
Conclusions: Depression was associated with a 43% increased risk of developing adult-onset asthma. However, asthma did not increase the risk of depression based on limited studies. Further prospective studies confirming the true association between asthma and subsequent risk of depression are warranted.
depression
Asthma
Depression predicting asthma
Asthma predicting depression
2018
01
01
1867
1872
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10414_95551b001f5046eac250e989c9b4169e.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Emergency Management of Upper GI Variceal Bleeding
Zohair Radi
Alghazal
Abdulqader Ibrahim
Susi
Ruqeeya Ali
Alshaikhnasser
Waad Suliman
Alsaadi
Feda Hassan
Almahdi
Atheer Eed
Alotaibi
Maryam Baqer
Aldubaisi
Yaser Saeed Mohammad
Sharif
Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is the most common gastrointestinal cause of admission in emergency departments worldwide with about 10% inpatient mortality rate that has not decreased during the last three decades.
Aim: In this review, we aim to study the pathophysiology behind the development of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and explore the approach to its management in emergency situation.
Materials and Methods: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 2001, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: upper gastro intestinal bleeding, variceal bleeding, emergency management of gastrointestinal hemorrhage, varices, esophageal bleeding.
Results: Managing patients with bleeding varices must have two goals that should be considered: to stop the bleeding, and to prevent rebleeding since 60% of patients will rebleed after the acute bleeding was stopped leading to a mortality rate of 33%, unless adequately treated.
Conclusion: Bleeding varices are always considered urgent emergencies due to associated morbidity and mortality. Moreover, bleeding varices can cause hemodynamic instability and end-organ failure. The most important intervention is therapeutic endoscopy. Other approaches include vasoactive drugs, and prophylactic antibiotics. After acute management of the bleeding, patients should undergo further evaluation and treatment to prevent the recurrence of another bleeding.
emergency management of gastrointestinal hemorrhage
varices
esophageal bleeding
upper gastro intestinal bleeding
variceal bleeding
2018
01
01
1873
1876
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10415_2518d73dbafc824bc5f1b5e3da76c07b.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2018
70
10
Anemia: its Prevalence, Causes, and Management
Afnan Shukri A
Sharourou
Mohamed Ahmed
Hassan
Mosay Berihu
Teclebrhan
Hesham Mohammed
Alsharif
Ahmed Saeed
alamoudi
Hawra Mustafa
alkhatem
Sukayna Adil
Alhamad
Tahani Saleem
Alsinani
Background: Nutritional anemia or anemia due to dietary causes is the most common form, yet the easiest to manage compared to other forms of anemia. Some of the most common nutritional deficiencies are iron, cobalamin, folate, and also other elements like copper. Anemia due to diet is mostly asymptomatic in the initial phase until the stores are depleted, which can take a few months to several years, depending upon the cause. Methodology: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE from January 1987 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: nutritional anemia, dietary anemia, iron deficiency anemia, cobalamin deficiency, folic acid deficiency anemia, dietary anemia treatment Aim of the work: In this study we aimed to understand about the different types of anemia caused as a result of dietary deficiency. We will also briefly study about their presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment. Conclusion: Various causes, presentations, and complications are associated with different types of nutritional anemia, but they still are the easiest to treat and manage. Most cases are due to an underlying occult disorder rather than simple dietary insufficiency, making diagnosis more difficult in some cases, and requiring thorough history and investigations integration to reach an accurate diagnosis and treat the underlying cause.
dietary anemia
iron deficiency anemia
cobalamin deficiency
folic acid deficiency anemia
dietary anemia treatment
nutritional anemia
2018
01
01
1877
1879
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_10416_4282e015cbb50a0d71e0cc919f8443d1.pdf