2024-03-29T14:04:23Z
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=1599
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
The Interaction Between Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (Captopril) and Heat Stress in The Male Albino rats. 2-Tissue Analysis
Eman
Helal
Samir A.M.
Zaahkouk
Talaat E.I.
Abd-Rabo
Somaia Z.A.
Rashed
Daily exposure to heat stress causes sustained elevation of blood pressure in rats. It is known that the renin-angiotensin system is activated during episodes of behavioral stress, and the purpose of this work was to assess the action of captopril in the development of stress induced hypertension in rats. Animals were divided into four groups. The first group served as a control, while the other groups were subjected to heat stress of 40C and high hamidity of 80% for 10 successive days. The second group was served as heat stress, while the third and the fourth groups were received low and high doses of captopril (0.7 & 1.4 mg/kg. b.wt., respectively). After 10 days of treatment, half of animals from each group were decapitated and brain, liver, muscle, heart and kidney were separated and analysed. The other half of animals were left for another 10 days without any additional treatment for recovery.The results revealed a significant decrease in total protein of liver, heart, kidney, total lipids of heart, muscle and brain and total cholesterol of liver. On the other hand, insignificant change was noticed in muscle and brain total protein. Similarly, AST and ALT activities were also within the normal values for all the organs examined.Results exhibited that renin-angiotensin system may be important in the development of stress-induced hypertension in rats.
2000
12
01
2
17
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_8322_e30e895c9d32499114a114c7c8248c8a.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography In assessment of Fetal Malformations: Routine versus Selective Use
Nahed H.Mohamed
Samia A. Sioudi
Objective: This study was conducted trying to answer the question whether three-dimensional ultrasound imaging should be used routinely for prenatal screening of congenital malformations or only used selectively for specific high risk women for congenital malformations.Subjects & Methods: This study included 1000 pregnant women between 14 and 32 weeks gestation, Routine ultrasound examination was done during antenatal care of 500 pregnant women with no history of risk factors of congenital malformation, their ages were < 35 y (group 1). Selective ultrasound examination was indicated for screening of 500 pregnant women with history of one or more risk factors for getting malformed babies (group 2). Serial ultrasound examinations were done for assessment of fetal organs, first using transabdominal traditional 2-D ultrasound imaging, then 3-D ultrasound examinations using the same machine. Results: On routine antenatal examinations of group (1) there was no significant difference in detection of congenital malformations between 2-D and 3-D ultrasound examinations (0.2 % and 0.6 % respectively, P > 0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant difference between selective 2-D and 3-D ultrasound examinations of high-risk group (11) (0.8 % and 1.4 % respectively, P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between routine and selective ultrasound use for detection of congenital malformations (P> 0.05). Three-dimensional ultrasound provided the same informations as 2-D ultrasound imaging in 33.33% (1/3 diagnosed anomalies) of group (1) and 57.14% (4/7 anomalies) of group (11). Whereas it was more accurate in diagnosis of fetal anomalies than 2-D imaging in 66.66% (2/3 anomalies) of group (1) and 42.85%(3/7 anomalies) of group (2.).These results were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion: Many fetal malformations could be diagnosed by traditional 2-D ultrasonography, yet in some cases limitations do exist. Therefore, a high degree of expertise and training is needed. Traditional 2-D ultrasonography was used routinely early and late in pregnancy for other obstetric indications. We do not support the routine use of 3-D ultrasonography during antenatal assessment of the pregnant women . The adjunctive use of 3-D ultrasonographic imaging system with the 2-D imaging in selective cases can greatly increase diagnostic accuracy of congenital malformation. On the other hand, It is equally important to weigh the human costs against the benefit.
2000
12
01
18
32
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_9003_8678873202e69c5009f34425fb877f51.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Human Parvovirus B19, Cytomegalovirus Infections and ThyroidAutoimmunity in Women with Recurrent First Trimester Abortion
Azza H.
El-Salakawy
Nahed H.
Mohammed
Olfat G.
Shaker
Ehab Ragaa
Abdoul Raouf
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to modify and optimize the screening and diagnostic procedures of unexplained recurrent abortion. Antithyroid antibodies, parvovirus B19 (B19V) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, which were usually overlooked in clinical practice of handling cases of recurrent abortion, were studied to evaluate their role in the pathogenesis of recurrent first trimester abortion. Also , we tried to elucidate the importance of detection of these agents and whether it should be routine prenatal investigations of women with unexplained recurrent abortion. STUDY DESIGN: sixty women with unexplained recurrent first trimester abortion were the study group and thirty term healthy pregnant women, were selected as a control. Placental and fetal tissues were analyzed for B19V and CMV deoxyribonucleic acids using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Also sera were analyzed for T3, T4 and TSH levels, the presence of antithyroid antibodies (thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase), CMV specific IgM antibodies and parvovirus B19-DNA by dot blot hybridization assay. RESULTS: Parvovirus B19-DNA was demonstrated in nearly one third of the aborted products (19/60 - 31.67 %) and 6.67% of the placentas of the control group, that represent highly significant difference (P <0.001). Whereas, serum samples of the two groups were negative for parvovirus B19 viral DNA by dot blot hybridization. Cytomegalovirus – DNA was demonstrated in 7/60 aborted tissues (11.67 %) and one placenta of the controls (3.33 %), that represent non significant changes (P > 0.05). In contrast, only 5 aborting women (8.33 %) and a woman of the control group (3.33%) were CMV-IgM seropositive, that also represent non significant changes (P > 0.05). Antithyroglobulin antibody levels were significantly higher in aborting women (7/60) than control (P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant changes in antithyroid peroxidase antibody levels between the two groups. Nine aborting women (15%) were seropositive for one or both of the thyroid autoantibodies compared with two (6.67%) of the control group, that represent non significant changes (P>0.05). We did not find any significant relation between thyroid autoimmunity and viral infections (B19V & CMV) in women with unexplained recurrent first trimester miscarriage. CONCLUSION: Parvovirus B19 infection was found to be an important pathogenic agent in recurrent first trimester abortion. It is essential to investigate for B19Vinfection among pregnant women with recurrent abortion. This significant finding demonstrates the usefulness of a sensitive molecular tool, PCR assay of viral DNA to aid in the diagnosis. However, testing for cytomegalovirus infection and antithyroid antibodies are not essential as routine prenatal investigations and should be restricted to certain patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.
2000
12
01
33
47
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11012_ba004a7d88b0a33a7e8dcc90fe28f91a.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Transvaginal Ultrasonographic Cervical Assessment as a Predictor Of Successful Labor Induction
Nahed H.
Mohamed
Naglaa H.
Mohamed
Mahmoud A.
Mansour
OBJECTIVE: To assess cervical maturation before labor induction with measurements obtained by transvaginal scans. Cervical length and detection rate of cervical gland area, were compared with Bishop score and serum Prostaglandin E2 levels at term for duration of labor, successful labor induction and mode of delivery. STUDY DESIGN: Transvaginal scans were performed for detection of cervical gland area and measurements of cervical length in 80 singleton pregnant women scheduled for induction of labor at >37 weeks of gestation. Cervical ripening was assessed simultaneously by Bishop score and preinduction serum prostaglandin E2 metabolite was detected by ELISA technique. Results were compared against parity, gestational age, and mode of delivery and induction-to-delivery interval. RESULTS: Seventy percent of the studied women were delivered vaginally (46.7% of nulliparous and 84 % of multiparous women). Women with cervical length <3.0 cm and also women with higher PGE2 levels had shorter labors (P< 0.01) and were more likely to be delivered vaginally (P< 0.05). Significant decrease in the detection rate of cervical gland area in women who had shorter labors and were delivery vaginally (P<0.05) and also in multiparous than nulliparous women (P < 0.01) . The mean serum PGE2 level was significantly higher in multiparous than nulliparous women (P < 0.01). Women with Bishop score > 4 also had shorter labors and were more likely to be delivered vaginally (P< 0.05). Whereas, there was no significant difference in the mode of delivery with Bishop score < 4 (P >0.05). Cervical length, detection rate of cervical gland area serum PGE2 levels, and Bishop score showed linear correlation with duration of labor (r =0.47 P< 0.05, r =0.58 P< 0.01, r = 0.67 P< 0.05 and r = 0.43, P <0.01 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Ttransvaginal ultrasonographic cervical measurement is comparable to Bishop score in assessing cervical ripeness for labor induction. Cervical measurement parity and serum PGE2 were independent predictors of the mode of delivery. Whereas, the mode of delivery cold not be predicted in women with Bishop score < 4.
2000
12
01
48
59
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11014_f02de2f8fe4a99ac227ec13cbf91e4b0.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Carbamate Toxicity and Protective effect ofvit. A and vit. E on some biochemicalaspects of male albino rats
Samir, A.M.
Zaahkouk
Eman
Helal
Talaat E.I.
Abd-Rabo
Somaia Z.A.
Rashed
The effect of daily oral administration of carbamate (1/10 L.D50) on rats for 30 successive days were studied. The male rats were divided into five groups (control, control + oil, carbamate, carbamate + vit. A and carbamate + vit. E). Each group (except control and control + oil) was daily administrated carbamate (0.012 mg/kg B.wt.). Two groups of carbamate – intoxicated animals provided with vit. A (700 mg/kg.B.wt) or vit. E (10 mg/kg.B.wt). Poisoning symptoms were recorded, e.g. unbalanse, diarrhea, have poor health and posterior limbs rigidity. Haematological parameters showed a significant decrease in red blood corpuscles (R.B.Cs), white blood corpuscles (W.B.Cs) count, Haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit value in groups treated with carbamate, and an improvement in these values was observed in groups treated with the anti-oxidants (vit. A and vit. E). Total lipids cholesterol, total proteins, albumin, glucose, LDH, AST, ALT, adrenaline and noradrenaline were measured in serum. Total proteins, total lipids, of tissues (liver, heart, muscle and kidney) were investigated. The present study declare that, carbamate induced a significant elevetion in serum LDH, glucose. total lipids,cholesterol, AST, ALT, adrenaline and noradrenaline. On the other hand, causes a significant reduction in total proteins and albumin. The total lipids and total proteins of the tissue were recorded highly significant decrease in the group treated with carbamate only. From another point of view, antioxidant ameliorated the effect of carbamate on tissues. So, it is clear that administration of vit. E or vit. A. reduced the effect of carbamate on biochemical alteration to various extent. The antioxidant property of vitamin A and vitamin E seem to be responsible for the observed protection against carbamate intoxication
2000
12
01
60
77
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11018_0174eb50117d4f4bd129c0089b09baa0.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Changes In Some Haematological And Biochemical Parameters ofAlbino Rats In Response to Low-energy Diet
Somaia Z. A.
Rashed
The effect of low-energy diet (Low protein or low fat-diet) was studied using male albino rats. The experiment was expended to 45 days (30 days treatment and 15 days recovery period). Body weight gain or loss as well as blood samples for blood picture (R.B.CS. W.B.CS count, Hb. concentration, Hct value and erythrocyte indices such as MCV, MCH and MCHC) well recorded Biochemical examination for glucose concentration, total protein, albumin, globulin and A/g ratio. Triglyceride level, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol level, in addition to some hormones such as insulin, Testosterone and Leptin levels were examined at the end of the treatment period and the recovery period. A significant decrease in body weight gain percentage was observed in group fed low protein or Low fat-diet and the body weight improved during and after the recovery period. A significant decrease in R.B.CS, W.B.CS, count and Hb. concentration, and Hct value in treatment period and improved during and after recovery period. Total proteins, albumin and globulin were significantly affected by low protein or low-fat diet treatment in comparison with the control group. These effects were significantly counteracted by balanced diet. A significant decrease in triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were observed in groups received diet containing low-protein or low fat as compared with the control group. The results of the present study showed a significant reduction in (Leptin, insulin and testosterone) level after treatment for 30 days and recovery period for 15 days.
2000
12
01
78
94
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11019_0c6b1d7942cc234cfb58d62b8bb01aa0.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Detection of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) RNA among YoungAdult Drug Users
Azza H. El.
Salakawy
A study to determine the frequency and potential risk factors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was carried out on 33 serum samples from drug users; admitted to hospital for treatment. Sera were screened for HCV antibodies (anti-HCV) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anti-HCV antibodies were detected in 11/33 (33.3%) of drug users versus 2/30 (6.7%) of volunteer blood donors (control group), which represent statistically significant changes (p < 0.001). HCV-RNA was detected by one step nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). HCV-RNA was detected in 7/11 (63.6%) of seropositive drug users, all of them were injection drug users. There was significant association of HCV infection with age and injection drug use (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant relation between the duration of drug abuse and HCV infection. From these findings, I conclude that HCV infections are common among injection drug users probably due to the intravenous use of drugs.
2000
12
01
95
102
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11020_ca1340e7f0275922adc061955b3553e8.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Effect of Some Food Colorants (Synthetic andNatural products) of Young Albino Rats
Eman G. E.
Helal
Samir A.M.
Zaahkouk
Hamdy A.
Mekkawy
Food colorants are used all over the world in great amount. However, their use in food is still controversial. It causes and will cause severe tension to the consumers as the sensitivity of people increases to general health. This work was carried out to study and compare between the possible toxic effect of some natural (tumeric, carmine and chlorophyll) and synthetic (fast green, annatto and sunset-yellow), food colorants on liver and kidney function of young male albino rats. Such effect might explain hyperactivity of children that was claimed associated with consumption of food colorants. The study revealed that administration of both natural and synthetic food colorants (permitted dose) significantly increases serum AST and serum urea. All colorants with the exception of sun-set yellow significantly increase serum total bilirubin. While, chlorophyll, fast-green and sun-set yellow were significantly increase serum ALT. Some of the colorants used have a retard destructive effect on some vital organ functions, which extends even after the recovery period. Therefore, large quantities and /or long periods of colorants administration should not be used as additive in man’s diet or as a drink. Hence, these colorants should restrictly be used in nutritional therapy. And more caring must be done prevent our children to eat or drink these colorants with much amounts or for long period.
2000
12
01
103
113
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11021_7a927574cfe89bf4cead0a9c868663c1.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Immunological Assessment of addicts
Nadia Gamal
El-Din Zak
Kouka Saad Eldin
Abdel-Wahab
Azza Hassan
El-Salakawy
Enas Ibrahim
El-Gaafaraw
Maha Hassan
Shokair
The aim of this study is to investigate some aspects of immunologic response among Egyptian addicts. The study was conducted on 33 drug addicts who were admitted to hospital for treatment. They were males with age range (19-30; mean 24.73 years). They were followed up at 2-weeks intervals for one month. Blood samples from 18 addicts and 10 non-drug-user control blood donors were evaluated for some lymphocyte immunophenotypic markers by flow cytometric analysis. Addicts showed significantly (P < 0.001) decreased percentages of both T-helper (CD4+ ) and Tcytotoxic (CD8+ ) compared with controls. There was also significant (P < 0.05) reduction of CD4+ /CD8+ lymphocyte ratio. Sera from all addicts, whether on hospital admission or follow-up samples were subjected to the following investigations. Some blood-borne viral infections were investigated; hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was present in 1/33 (3%) addicts. Hepatitis C virus antibodies (anti-HCV) were detected in 11/33 (33.3%) addicts versus 1/10 (10%) of controls. Human immunodeficiency virus antibodies (anti-HIV) were present in one serum out of 33 (3%) addicts. Reactivation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) latent infection was assessed by detection of anti-CMV IgM in 1/33 (3%) of addicts on hospital admission, which persisted during the first two weeks, then disappeared on the 4th week. Antibody activity as neutralizing antibodies to polioviruses 1,2 and 3 were tested in cell culture, the antibody titer was higher in follow-up samples than on the time of hospital admission. Antistreptolysin O (ASO) was detected in serum of one addict (3%) on hospital admission and in another addict 2- weeks later which indicated streptococcal infection. The acute inflammation phase Creactive protein (CRP) was high in 7/33 (21.2%), 3/33 (9.1%) and 1/33 (3%) upon hospital admission, 2-weeks and 4-weeks, after cessation of drug use respectively.
2000
12
01
114
128
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11023_5d4de8de9a07a09a0a8b0f82d56a2b6d.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Has primary overlap replaced end-to-end repair for anal sphincter rupture during vaginal delivery?
Nagwa Abd El-Ghaffar
Mohamed
*Maha Abd El-Mongi
Abd El-Rahman
Twenty primigravidae women were included in this study. Their age ranged from (20-32) years. They were requiring primary repair for third degree tear occurring during vaginal delivery. All repairs were performed immediately after obstetric disruption. A ruptured internal sphincter was repaired separately and the torn ends of the external sphincter were overlaped in 10 women and approximated as end-to-end in the other 10 women, and sutured with 3/0 polydioxanone sulphate sutures. Sixteen women were followed up, and for all bowel function, clinical assessement, and anal endosonography were performed at a mean of 120 days after delivary. Eleven percent had persistent sonographic external sphincter defects with overlap, and 57% with end to end repair. Also, we found similar percent of internal sphincter defects with overlap, and end-toend repair. There was no significant difference between the two techniques with regard to the clinical outcome. Based on the preceding results it would appear that sonographic image for external sphincter is better with overlap than end-to-end repair, but we can not conclusively prove that overlap is superior to the end-to-end repair for better clinical outcome obtained from both techniques.
2000
12
01
129
137
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11024_3d64250316a0408f0a2578aa92b51000.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Experience of 20 years in Management of Medullohlastoma ( A long – term Retro spective study)
Alaa
Abdel Hay
Hohamed
Kabil
Manal
Moawad
Hussein
Boushnak
Treatment for patients with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma includes surgical resection followed by craniospinal radiotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy has been shown to increase the cure rate with high risk or average risk disease and is now a standard part of contemporary management (Gajjor et al., 99). Advance in surgery and radiotherapy techniques have improved results in the last few decades (Paker 1999). These procedures have important early and long term morbidity that must be weighted in order to offer the patient an acceptable risk-beniefit likelihood. The purpose of this study was to analyze the various clinical and prognostic features which might affect the survival of medulloblastoma and to asses the response of patients to treatment. This study includes 288 patients with medulloblastoma who were treated in both Neurosurgical and Radiation Oncology Departments during the period 1981 and 2000. Statistical analysis has proven that the median survival was not affected significantly by the sex or site of tumor but the most significant variables that affected the median survival were the extent of surgery and stage of the tumor, age and histopathology. Shunt operation reduces the incidence of post operative mortality markedly.
2000
12
01
138
147
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11026_a186cd613d0476b960ee312864037923.pdf
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
1687-2002
2000
1
1
Multivariate Analysis of Bcl-2, Apoptosis, P53, And Her-2/Neu In Breast Cancer: A Short Term Follow Up
o.
El-Ahmady
e.
El-Salahy
s.
Eissa
M.
Mahmoud
m.
Abdel Wahab
A.
Khalifa
Background. Several molecular genetic alterations in breast cancer, including aneuploidy, altered apoptosis, aberrant expression of p53, HER-2/neu and Bcl-2, have been associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. To determine the importance of molecular-genetic factors relative to more traditional surgical- pathologic prognostic factors, multivariate analysis was performed. Materials and Methods. Ninety-four fresh tissue samples of primary breast carcinoma were studied with flow cytometry for DNA ploidy. On the same specimens steroid hormone receptors (ER and PR) were measured in the cytosol fraction using Abbott ELISA assays, HER-2/neu was determined in the membrane fraction and mutant p53 protein in the nuclear fraction, both, by Oncogene Science ELIZA procedures. Bcl-2 and apoptosis (Cell death) were measured in cell lysates by Oncogene Science & Boehringer Mannheim ELISA assays. In addition, information regarding surgical-pathological features of the tumor was obtained. Multivariate analysis using unconditional logistic regression model was done to identify variables predictive of poor prognosis. Results. Using univariate analysis, histological grade, tumor stage, lymph node status, HER-2/neu, and mutant p53, were predictive of poor short-term prognosis. By multivariate analysis, tumor stage, lymph node status, HER-2/neu were independent factors. Grade subgroup analysis versus time of relapse, illustrated a predictive value of Bcl-2 in only low-grade tumors while apoptosis was significant in high-grade type. Conclusion. Among a panel of moleculargenetic factors investigated, HER-2/neu was the most strongly predictive of poor shortterm prognosis in breast cancer. Patients with HER-2/neu positive tumors can benefit from Herceptin therapy.
2000
12
01
148
163
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11028_74bca41d8833b61c804e0e48bb6f6dc5.pdf