Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices of Parents towards Childhood
1
7
EN
Atheer R.
Alyami
Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, KSA
Ghadi M.
Alhashan
Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, KSA
Iman A.
Nasser
Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, KSA
Sarah R.
Alyami
Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, KSA
Norah H.
Al Mardhamah
Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, KSA
Maram H.
Alyami
Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, KSA
Ahlam Y.S.
Alyami
Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, KSA
Manar H.
Alqahtani
Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, KSA
Batool M.
Alwadei
Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, KSA
Aljouharah M.
Alanazi
Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, KSA
10.12816/0042954
<strong>Background: </strong>vaccinations play an important role in protecting children against life threatening infections. During the past years, parents expressed concerns about the safety of routine vaccinations; resulting in non-compliance.
<strong>Objective: </strong>this study aimed to assess the attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of parents towards vaccinations and the effects on vaccination practice in Najran region.
<strong>Methods: </strong>this is a cross sectional study was carried out by distributing questionnaire among the general public in Najran City, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of the following sections: demographic profile, knowledge, beliefs, behaviors and open-ended questions regarding vaccination.
<strong>Results: </strong>668 parents were participated in this study; out of them 61.8% reported compliance with the vaccination schedule. Factors that were significantly associated with compliance included older age (p = 0.001), high education (p = 0.022) and better knowledge of the benefits of immunization. The main concerns about vaccinations were fear of weakening the child's immunity and non-necessity of some vaccinations. Causes that prevented compliance with vaccinations were lack of knowledge about their benefits (48.1%), illness of the child at time of vaccination (13.5%), travel (9.6%) and fear of side effects (7.7%). Sources of information that effectively changed parent’s attitude included flyers (31.4%), social media (26.8%) and TV (25.9%).
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> most parents had an acceptable and good knowledge of the importance of vaccinations. However, fears and misconceptions resulted in non-compliance of a substantial percentage of the responders. Educational programs should address these causes of non-compliance and stress the importance of routine child vaccinations to improve knowledge, beliefs and attitude of parents.
<strong> </strong>
Vaccination,Immunization,Knowledge,Attitude,Questionnaire
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11499.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11499_42cf55fa991df8022428fba6298bf70e.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Evaluation and Comparison of Hepatic Enzymes in Different CKD Categories
8
12
EN
Mashel Khalid
Alhawish
Colleges for Science and Technology
Mohammad Saleh
Alghoraibi
Colleges for Science and Technology
Rizqallah Abdullah
Alzahrani
Colleges for Science and Technology
Mazi Turki
Alosaimy
Colleges for Science and Technology
Muath Khalid
Abaalkhail
Colleges for Science and Technology
Mshari Abdulrahman
Alabdulwahed
Colleges for Science and Technology
Oqab M Almutairi
Almaarefa
Colleges for Science and Technology
Talal Saad
Almutairi
Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University
Hazza M
Almutairi
Colleges for Science and Technology
Abdulrahman M
Alsaab
Colleges for Science and Technology
Khalid A
Algufly
Colleges for Science and Technology
10.12816/0042955
<strong>Background: </strong>Chronic Kidney Disease is a global public health issue, with increasing incidence. It consists wide spectrum of renal conditions that lead to progressive decline in renal function and abnormal GFR. Liver disorders are common among chronic kidney diseases. LFT’s particularly play a vital role in the diagnosis and monitoring CKD patients. Currently, eGFR considered being the most valuable parameter for diagnosing CKD. But it has some limitations, it is not done routinely in apparently healthy people, secondly, GFR has different normal values for different ethnic groups so the formulae for calculating eGFR being used in west might not be applicable in eastern population and vice versa. <strong>Objectives: </strong>This study was carried out to compare hepatic enzymes of patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease. <strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 257 persons were recruited. Cases were divided into two subgroups based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Subgroup 1: 85 Cases had GFR <15, subgroup 2: 99 cases with GFR > 15 and Subgroup 3: 73 normal healthy controls. The hepato-renal profile was done for all cases and controls.
<strong>Results: </strong>Hepatic transferases in the patients undergoing dialysis fell into the normal range. But the same enzymes showed a marked elevation in the patients with chronic kidney disease having non-invasive treatment. Alkaline phosphatase showed mark elevation for both groups A and B as compared to normal controls.
Chronic Kidney Disease,liver function,Hepatic enzymes,Glomerular Filtration Rate,End Stage Renal Disease
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11500.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11500_e7c3c17b353ee43420132c5228bf041a.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Pregnant Women Risk Perception of Medications and Natural Products Use During Pregnancy in Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
13
20
EN
Abdulrhman Mohammed
Aljoher
College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
aaljoher93@gmail.com
Mohammed Abdullah
Alsaeed
College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed Abdulltife
AlKhlfan
College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
Aishah Wassil
Almethen
College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
Monirah Abdullah
Almukhaitah
College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
Humaira
Zareen
College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
Sayed Ibrahim
Alia
College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
10.12816/0042956
<strong>Introduction:</strong> The use of medications during pregnancy has increased in the recent years. Some congenital anomalies, birth defects, and miscarriages have been found to be preceded by some medications use during pregnancy. The use of herbal medicines is not yet proved to be safe during pregnancy, since some herbs showed increased risk of certain congenital malformations.
<strong>Aim:</strong>This study assesses the pregnant women perception, beliefs, and attitude toward medication and natural products use and their influencers during pregnancy.
<strong>Methodology: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study targeting women in Alahsa, Saudi Arabia. More than 300 women have responded to a pretested questionnaire collecting their sociodemographic, perception and attitude toward medication and natural product. The data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics under the supervision of a statistician.
<strong>Results: </strong>This study involved 184 participants, 29.2% of pregnant women avoided using prescribed medications, 40.7% non-prescribed, and 33.3% natural products during pregnancy. Paracetamol was on the top of the avoided medications, and herbals were on the top of the avoided natural products. The most common reason for avoidance was fearing of its effect on fetus. More than half of the participants always looked for the product safeness. Pain killers, antibiotics, cinnamon, and pineapple are the most commonly believed products to be harmful during pregnancy. 1<sup>st</sup> trimester is believed to be the critical period in which medications and herbals should be avoided.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Pregnant women should be educated more about unsafe products during pregnancy. Women's beliefs about natural products need further exploration because of lack of evidence.
<strong> </strong>
Pregnancy,Teratogenic,medication,Herbals,congenital anomaly,birth defect
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11501.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11501_2d32f74ce44ddcdcc08ba2c1616d5bae.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Percutaneous Needle Aspiration Versus Catheter Drainage in Treating Hepatic Abscess
21
28
EN
Jawad Abdullah Ali
Aldhafeeri
Najran University Hospital
Haya Hussam N
Alkahtani
Ibn Sina National College
Ahmad Mohammed A
Dakheel
King Abdulaziz University
Abdulghani Mohammed M
Lodhi
King Abdulaziz University
Khaled Masoud
Alghamdi
Health Control Centers in King Abdulaziz International Airport
Mohammed Abdullah, Mohammed Abdullah M
Asiri
Taif University
Mohammed Abdullah M
Alzahrani
Taif University
Fatima Alawi S
Alhebshi
Taif University
Abdulwahab Malawi S
Alshahrani
King Khalid University
Ahmed Omer S
Alamoudi
King Abdulaziz University
Muatz Ahmed
Khayat
King Abdulaziz University
Sameer Ali Y
Alaidarous
King Abdulaziz University
10.12816/0042957
<strong>Aim of the study: </strong>was to investigate the effectiveness of Percutaneous Needle Aspiration in comparison to continuous catheter drainage in the treatment of hepatic abscesses.
<strong>Methods:</strong> A review of the scientific literature (From 1980 to October 2017)
MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Current Contents, Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched to identify randomized controlled trials that investigated thoroughly the Percutaneous Needle Aspiration Versus Catheter Drainage in the treating of hepatic abscess and clearly met the inclusion criteria and the study primary endpoints (success rate, total resolution and mortality). Identification of papers and data extraction were performed by independent researchers.
<strong>Results:</strong> the search yielded six eligible RCTs covering 348 patients. The meta-analysis showed that outcomes in patients treated with PCD were superior to those in patients treated with PNA in terms of success rate (RR: 0.79, 95% CI=0.64–0.97; P = 0.04), days to achieve a 50% reduction in abscess cavity size (SMD: −1.076, 95% CI 0.63–1.51; P < 0.00001) and overall clinical improvement (SMD: 0.71, 95% CI 0.35–1.09; P =0.0001). On the other hand, no significant difference was notable in the duration of hospitalization (SMD: −0.15, 95% CI −2.03 to 1.72, P = 0.84) or procedure-related complications (RR: 0.48, 95% CI 0.13–2.58; P = 0.39).
Conclusion: The results of the present meta-analysis and systematic review indicated that PCD and PNA can be less safe and less invasive methods for the treatment of hepatic abscesses yet PCD is suggested to be more advantageous and superior to PNA.
Catheter Drainage,Liver abscess,Percutaneous Needle Aspiration,Pyogenic abscess of liver
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11502.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11502_536ab98a33f87b4abaefdc03ba9922b8.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Prevalence and Awareness of Refractive Errors among Aljouf University Medical Students
29
32
EN
Waleed Sultan
Alruwaili
College of Medicine, Aljouf University
wldsltn@gmail.com
Mansour Sultan
Alruwaili
King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Ministry of Health
Malak Khalid
Alkuwaykibi
CM-AU, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
Khalid A.
Zaky
Department of Ophthalmology, CM-AU, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
10.12816/0042958
<strong>Purpose:</strong> To evaluate the prevalence of refractive errors (REs) among medical students of Aljouf University.
<strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted anonymously on 278 students. A structured close-ended questionnaire was distributed for data collection and checking awareness concerning REs amongst them in the period between December 2016 and January 2017. All volunteering participants underwent ophthalmic examination including autorefractometer examination (Topcon RM-8000B, Tokyo, Japan).
<strong>Results:</strong> The response rate was 72.3%. Mean age was 21.2 ± 1.45 years (range 19 - 25 years). 71.6% of the participant in the study was males. Results from the autorefractometer showed that 83.1% of participants suffered from REs. 74.129% were myopic, while 53.731% were astigmatic, and 47.264% had combined astigmatism and myopia. Furthermore, hypermetropia prevalence was 3.483%. 80.6% of males, while 89.5% of females suffered REs. However, there was no significant association between REs and gender (P>0.05). Only about half of the students (48.8%) involved in the study were aware of REs, which explains the notion that 51.5% of students enrolled were not using any kind of treatment for REs. Only 10.9% of students were engaged in regular follow up for eye care service.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> The prevalence of REs among investigated students was 83.1%, which is one of the highest rates reported. There has to be a concern for a regular checkup starting from early ages as a preventive measure against REs through increasing knowledge, awareness and practice concerning REs particular for medical students as future health care professionals.
Refractive Errors,Autorefractometer,Medical students,Awareness,Myopia,Astigmatism,hypermetropia,Aljouf
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11503.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11503_50898bf205878f3e18536b3b1f322267.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Prehypertension and Hypertension in Medical Students of Northern Border University in Arar, Saudi Arabia
33
38
EN
Abdulrahman Mazki J
Alanazi
Primary Health Care Center, Arar
Yusef Muhana
Alenezi
Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Tariq Hulayyil
Alanazi
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Bader Arar Shadad
Alruwaili
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Abdulaziz Mofareh Murid
Alanazi
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Amjed Naeem
Alrawili
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Eissa Zaedan M
Alenezi
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Abdulrahman Sulaiman Shadad
Alanazi
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Abdulkarim Dhahawi H
Alruwaili
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Abdurhman Aiash
Alrwaili
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Abdulhamid Mahmoud
Alshaheen
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Bader Khalid M
Alruwaili
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
Khalid Abdulrahman Dhafi
Hussain
Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University
10.12816/0042959
<strong>Aim of the work</strong>: hypertension is the commonest cardiovascular disorder. Prehypertension in adolescents and young adults is a risk factor for developing hypertension in later years of life. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence rate and risk factor associated with prehypertension and hypertension in the medical students of Northern Border University in Arar city, Saudi Arabia. <strong>Methods: </strong>this cross-sectional study included 232 students. The study subjects were selected by systematic random sampling method. This study included 232 medical students (136 male and 96 female). The study period was from 1 March to 31 May 2017. Students were given a predesigned and pretested questionnaire to collect the relevant data. <strong>Results:</strong> Fifty (52.1%) of females and 58.8% of males were pre-hypertensive and 1.5% from males were hypertensive. Family history of hypertension was positive in 66.7% of hypertensive or pre-hypertensive students (P<0.05), 18.2% were obese (P<0.05), 9.1% of hypertensive or pre-hypertensive students were diabetic (P>0.05), 31.8% were smokers (P>0.05), 10.6% were drug addicts (P>0.05), 18.2% only performing muscular exercise (P>0.05), 62.1% consume >5g salt /day (P<0.05)and 40.9% of them spent 2-5 hours in front of TV, Computer or mobile (P>0.05). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> in medical students of the Northern Border University, 52.1% of females and 58.8% of males were pre-hypertensive and 1.5% of males were hypertensive. Risk factors included obesity, family history, sedentary life and excess salt intake. So health-care providers should recognize the increased risk of prehypertension and hypertension and should seek to identify and manage the modifiable risk factors in those students.
Prehypertension,Hypertension,Medical students,Northern Border,Arar,SA
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11504.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11504_34cb103fb633ef27591764c2a2f667c2.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Outcome of Iris Fixation of Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses Using Siepser Sliding Knot Technique
39
41
EN
Abdulrahman A.
Kaki
Department of ophthalmology Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
abdulrahmanakaki@hotmail.com
Maan A.
Al-Barry
Department of Ophthalmology, Anterior Segment division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
M.
Al-Mahmood
Department of Ophthalmology, Bahrain Defense Force Hospital, Kingdom of Bahrain
Ghada Y.
Al-Binali
Department of Ophthalmology, Riyadh Military Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
10.12816/0042960
<strong>Purpose</strong>: To report the outcomes and complications of iris-fixated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PCIOL) using Siepser sliding knot technique in suturing one or both haptics.
<strong>Methods</strong>: Retrospective, observational case study involving surgical placement of a foldable iris-sutured PCIOL using the Siepser sliding knot technique. This study was carried out between September 2008 and March 2010 and reviewed by seven anterior segment surgeons. Outcome measures included change in visual acuity (VA) and complications.
<strong>Results: </strong>30 eyes of 29 patients were included. 26 PCIOLs (86.7%) had the Siepser sliding knot technique fixed on both haptics whereas 4 (13.3%) had the PCIOL knot was fixed over a single haptics. Mean age of patients at the time of surgery was 50.5 years ± 24.5 (Range, 7 to 79 years). Preoperatively, the mean Snellen decimal uncorrected VA (UCVA) was 0.158 ± 0.163 and the mean preoperative best-corrected VA (BCVA) was 0.249 ± 0.195. Postoperatively, the mean Snellen decimal BCVA was 0.383 ± 0.232. 22 patients (73.3%) showed improved BCVA following surgery. The mean follow up period was 6.9 months ± 5.5 (Range, 1 to 16 months). Complications included elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) (10%, n=3), transient diplopia (6.7%, n=2), decompensated cornea (3.3%, n=1), wound leak (3.3%, n=1) and dislocated PCIOL (3.3%, n=1).
<strong>Conclusion: </strong>Iris-fixated PCIOL using Siepser sliding knot technique in suturing one or both haptics is a useful and safe technique for PCIOL implantation in the event of a partial or complete absence of capsular support.
Iris fixation,posterior chamber,intraocular lenses,Siepser sliding knot technique
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11505.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11505_262f1b3a54d38bf144330cb4b00de0be.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
High Altitude and Related Illnesses Awareness among General Population in Albaha City
42
49
EN
Saad A.
Manakrwi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Thamer A.H.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Raed J.D.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Mohammed O.M.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Omair M.S.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Ghazi S.A.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Abdullah I.S.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
10.12816/0042961
<strong>Background:</strong> high altitude illness (HAI) refers to a number of acute syndromes that may take place in individuals who are not acclimatized to high altitude, including acute mountain sickness, high altitude pulmonary edema and high altitude cerebral edema. Awareness of the general population about the manifestations and risk factors of high altitude illness may enhance the recognition of patients and ensure adequate management of acute cases.
<strong>Objective:</strong> this study was carried out to assess the awareness of general population of Albaha city regarding high altitude and related illnesses.
<strong>Methods:</strong> this questionnaire was distributed among the general public in Albaha city, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of two sections: section 1 included personal data and section 2 was concerned with awareness and knowledge of people regarding high altitude illness. Only completed questionnaires without missing data were statistically analyzed.
<strong>Results: </strong>a high frequency of the participants identified the risk factors contributing to HAI including ascending too quickly, overexertion, dehydration and sleeping at high altitude. On the other hand, participants had some false believes about the risk factors, the gravity of the illness and the lowest level of altitude at which manifestations may develop. Only 30.1% identified the lowest altitude at which HAI can occur. About one third of the subjects had symptoms of HAI in the form of difficulty in breathing, exhaustion, headache, weakness and difficulty in sleeping.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> overall, respondents were interested in learning more about high altitude sickness. Physicians and the internet were the most attractive sources of information for this population.
high altitude illness,acute mountain sickness,Survey,Saudi Arabia
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11506.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11506_8bfbb226f052913ad32e6d8744fa9270.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Awareness about Symptoms and Role of Diet in Renal Stones among General Population of Albaha City
50
59
EN
Saeed Y.S.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Ali M.A.
Alamri
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Raed A.M.
Alzahrani
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Abdulrahman H.A.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Abdulaziz A.A.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Abdulrahman A.M.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
Raad J.D.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, KSA
10.12816/0042983
<strong>Background:</strong> nephrolithiasis is an extremely common disorder in Saudi Arabia. Certain dietary changes and practices can influence the development of renal stones.
<strong>Aim of the work:</strong> the aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness about the symptoms and proper diet of renal stones among general population of Albaha city in Saudi Arabia.
<strong>Methods:</strong> a questionnaire was distributed among the general public in Albaha City, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire was consisted of two sections: section 1 included personal data and section 2 explored the awareness and knowledge about the most common symptoms and complications of renal stones.
<strong>Results: </strong>417 participants were recruited. Most of the respondents were females, aged between 34 to 49 years, married and had high education. About one third of respondents had previous information about renal stones. Nearly half the respondents recognized only one risk factor and only one identified all the eight factors listed (0.2%). There was lack of knowledge about some symptoms and false beliefs about some foods (fish and sea food, greens and spinach). <strong>Conclusion</strong>: some misconceptions were revealed about risk factors and symptoms of renal stones. There was a lack of sufficient knowledge about the role of diet in medical management of renal stones. Educational programs should focus on these points of defect in knowledge and attitude. We recommended providing the health information concerning renal stone disease through the Internet (being the source of information used by most participants) and ensuring the inclusion of these information in the routine instructions and health education of patients.
urolithiasis,symptoms,risk factors,Knowledge,Questionnaire
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11507.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11507_eb350f6d06fbd23877d7d8696ca39f55.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Management of Adult Syphilis between Gynecology and Urology
60
64
EN
Osama Mohammed
Alkhalifah
Mansoura University
osamamk41@gmail.com
Mohammed Samy
Tayb
University of 6th October
Salwa Metwally Aly
Khalifa
Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital
Maha Sultan
Alrajeh
Pavol Jozef Šafárik University
Afnan Mohammed
Buhlaigah
University of Dammam
Ruzanah Abdulaziz
Almarzugi
King Abdulaziz University
Samaher Maher
Bukhari
Batterjee Medical College
Fatma Mohammed
Al-Shehab
Arabian Gulf University
Mohammed Hasan
Alsharif
Umm Alqura University
Mohannad Ali
Alghamdi
King Abdulaziz University
Nihal Mubarak Mohamed
Hussien
University of Bahri
Ahmad Abdulwhab Jaml
Allil
Ibn Sina National College
Fahad Abdullah
Alhamdan
Ibn Sina National College
Muna Imad
Hussein
Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital
Noha Rihab
Baeshen
Ibn Sina National College
10.12816/0042962
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease found only in humans, which is caused by a spirochete (Treponema pallidum). It infects the genital area, lips, mouth, or anus of both men and women. Patients usually get syphilis from sexual contact with someone who has it. It can also pass from mother to baby during pregnancy. The early stage of syphilis usually causes a single, small, painless sore. Sometimes it causes swelling in nearby lymph nodes. If you do not treat it, syphilis usually causes a non-itchy skin rash, often on your hands and feet. Many people do not notice symptoms for years. Symptoms can go away and come back. The sores caused by syphilis make it easier to get or give someone HIV during sex. If you are pregnant, syphilis can cause birth defects, or you could lose your baby. In rare cases, syphilis causes serious health problems and even death. Syphilis is easy to cure with antibiotics if you catch it early. Correct usage of latex condoms greatly reduces, but does not completely eliminate, the risk of catching or spreading syphilis.
Syphilis,Infectious diseases,prevention,Penicillin,Treponema pallidum
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11508.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11508_b8627e83dee40dfae1d2f71dde2f887e.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Prevalence of People That Using Multivitamins Supplementation & Experiencing A Side Effect in Saudi Arabia
65
71
EN
Mohammed Ateih Awwad
Alsofyani
Taif University
Maryam Hussain Ali
Al-Essa
Maternity and Children Hospital in Al-Ahsa
Mohammed Abdullah
Assiri
Taif University
assiri-x-07@hotmail.com
Bashaer Mahboub
Alalwani
Royal Commission Medical Center
Afrah Abdulraheem
Abuzeefa
Armed Forces Hospital –Alhada, King Faisal University
Abdulrahman Talal
Qasim
Taif University
Sara Mohammed
AlOsaimi
Taif University
Anood Qalil
Althubaiti
Taif University
Dima Obeid
Aldosari
Taif University
Sayed Ibrahim
Ali
Armed Forces Hospital –Alhada, King Faisal University
10.12816/0042963
<strong>Introduction: </strong>multivitamins are normally used to treat vitamin deficiencies. They may cause constipation and diarrhea. We are concerned to see the prevalence for using multivitamins supplementation & awareness of their side effects among saudi people. <strong>Methods: </strong>we conducted a cross sectional study and data collected by distributing an electronic questionnaire from 6/3 to 15/8/2017 and approved by the King Faisal University in Alhass, SA. Both gender above 18 years were included and excluded people below them. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. <strong>Results: </strong>this study was applied on 471persons from different areas of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Most of them were female 67.5 %.the age of our studied group was above 18 years. Most of them was healthy, pre-university, from western area and used multivitamins for weight gain. 15.5% had harmful effect and 69.6% had vitamins or minerals deficiency (51.7% iron deficiency). 43.1% used them with no prescription and 85% used as pill. 80.8% considers them are important to their health and 35.8% believe there is no difference between using vitamins with or without medical advice. 24.9% believe they have no side effects and16.3% believe that they are sufficient for the variety and quantity of food.70.7% believe that the amount of vitamins in the food is not sufficient for the daily body and 42.5% read about vitamins from scientific books.
<strong>Conclusion: </strong>the majority of the participants were using vitamins according to medical advice and there is a less percentage of people that experienced a side effect from using that supplementations.
<strong>Objectives: </strong>to determine the prevalence, reasons, source of information of multivitamins supplement uses, and their side effects.
Multivitamins,Saudi Arabia
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11509.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11509_eab7d911745df2930dee94a6c4b88b83.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Emergency Contraception Types and Mechanism of Actions
72
75
EN
Safaa Mahmood
Al-Hasani
Batterjee Medical College for Science and Technology
alhasanism@gmail.com
10.12816/0042964
<strong>Introduction:</strong> roughly 50% of pregnancy in the United States are unintended, and one of the reasons behind is lack of knowledge among women about various methods of emergency contraception. They come in tablet form, which is commonly known as the morning after pill, and coper intrauterine devices. <br /> <strong>Aim of the work: </strong>In this study, our aim is to discuss various methods commonly used for emergency contraception, and explore their availability and adverse effects. We will also find its application in obese and breast-feeding women.<br /> <strong>Methodology: </strong>we conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE from January 2010 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: emergency contraception, morning after pill, adverse effects of emergency contraception, obese women contraception<br /> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Proper education if provided by health care providers to their female patients regarding methods of emergency contraception can lower rates of unintended pregnancies and elective abortions. Such awareness, consultation, and prescription must be given to all women of reproductive age, regardless of marital status for decreasing adverse outcomes of long term health of the woman and decrease rate of abortion.
Emergency Contraception,morning after pill,plan-B,emergency contraception for obese women,breast-feeding emergency contraception
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11510.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11510_6e4bec23827cb41a84909997f36b4231.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Causes and Management of Asthma
76
81
EN
Hassan Saleh
Felemban
Umm Alqura University
dr.7assan.f@hotmail.com
Abdullah Jameel
Motahar
Umm Alqura University
Nairooz Mohammed
Alzamzami
Umm Alqura University
Weaam Alhusini
Felemban
Umm Alqura University
Abdulrahman Mustafa
Adnan
Umm Alqura University
Saud Saad
Albishi
Umm Alqura University
Heba Hesham
Nezamadeen
Umm Alqura University
Mohammad Ahmed A
Alrefaei
Umm Alqura University
Faisal Abdullah
Alzahrani
Umm Alqura University
10.12816/0042965
Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways which manifests itself as recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and cough. It is characterized by bronchial hyper-responsiveness and variable airflow obstruction, that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment. Other nonspecific symptoms in infants or young children may be a history of recurrent bronchitis, bronchiolitis, or pneumonia; a persistent cough with colds; and/or recurrent croup or chest rattling. For all but the most severely affected patients, the ultimate goal is to prevent symptoms, minimize morbidity from acute episodes, and prevent functional and psychological morbidity to provide a healthy (or near healthy) lifestyle appropriate to the age of child. We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from January 1<sup>st</sup> , 1994, through November 30<sup>th</sup> , 2017.
Inflammatory Disorder,Asthma,Inhaled corticosteroids
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11511.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11511_9d8b4431866fd2832603719cf0eba14c.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Atherosclerosis: Pathophysiology and Management
82
87
EN
Faisal Hani M
Al Qahtany
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
mr.faisalhani@gmail.com
HawraAbdulkhaliq Al
Shali
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Ahmed Abdulrahman
Bayamin
Taif University
Haifa Saeed
Alzabien
Battarjee Medical College
Ala'a Mohammed
Alrehaili
Taibah University
Hosam Monahe Z
Aldalbahi
Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University
Hassan Mohammed AL
Awadh
King Faisal University
Mohamed Magdi
Yousif
International University of Africa
Khalid Abdulelah
Alqurashi
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
Nouf Abdullah
Aljehani
King Abdulaziz University
dr-nouf.alj@hotmail.com
Naif Mishkhas
Alazwari
King Abdulaziz University
Mishael Tariq
Alghamdi
Battarjee Medical College
10.12816/0042966
<strong>Background:</strong> Atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease is currently the leading cause of morbidity, mortality and cost burden in the medical community. New studies have found atherosclerosis to be predominantly an inflammatory reaction of vessel wall. <strong>Methodology: </strong>We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 1987, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: Atherosclerosis, thrombotic heart diseases, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, pathology of atherosclerosis, treatment of atherosclerosis. <strong>Aim:</strong> In this review, we evaluated the pathogenesis, risk factors and management of atherosclerosis.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: More studies must be done to offer better management, even though massive success was achieved in the past decades. Also healthy population must be encouraged to avoid risk factors that cause such pathologies.
hyper triglyceridemia,dyslipidemia,pathology of atherosclerosis,treatment of atherosclerosis
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11524.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11524_2259a56593249cf255c68ba113375b7e.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Risk Factors of Chronic Renal Failure in Adult Patients at King Khalid Hospital, Najran City, Saudi Arabia
88
91
EN
Mohammed Dhafer
Alzamanan
Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
Abdullah Salem
Al Rayshan
Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
Abdullah
Alyami
Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
10.12816/0042967
<strong>Background: </strong>chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as a reduced glomerular filtration rate, increased urinary albumin excretion, or both and it is an increasing public health issue with prevalence estimated to be 8–16% worldwide. <strong>Objective: </strong>the risk factors for CKD are increasing in the Saudi population. Hence, this descriptive study aimed to assess the files of the adult patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) at King Khalid Hospital, Najran City, Saudi Arabia. It also identified the relationship of these common risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, polycystic kidney disease, certain infections, effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with CRF. <strong>Methods: </strong>a structured-type interview was conducted with checklist with 50 samples from the patient’s record using the non-probability sampling technique. Frequency and percentage distributions were used to describe the incidence and the common risk factors associated with CKD. <strong>Results: </strong>this study revealed that the most affected group of people with renal failure was from 41 to 50 years age group, which represented about 30% of all samples taken from King Khalid Hospital. Hypertensive patients occurred to be highest in 90% of patients with CRF, while the patients with polycystic kidney disease had low risk of renal failure with 20%. Diabetes mellitus was reported in about 70% of patients. Lifestyle, diet and genetic factors are important factors in developing this disease and they are greatly associated with chronic renal failure.
risk factors,Chronic Kidney Disease,renal failure,Hypertension,Diabetes mellitus,Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11525.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11525_7b3d4dc06309411d9c807798dad3b9ef.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Effect of HCV Infection Versus HBV Infection on the Response to Erythropoietin Therapy in The Treatment of Anemia in Prevalent Haemodialysis Patients
92
96
EN
Mai Nabil
Elnaggar
Nephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
mai_nabil84@yahoo.com
Waleed Ahmed
Bichari
Nephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
Hoyaida
Elshinnawy
Nephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
10.12816/0042968
<strong>Background:</strong> Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialytic support are usually anemic due to lack of Erythropoietin (EPO) secretion from the kidney. There was a highly significant association of hemoglobin and hematocrit with HCV infection. Patients with HCV infection were associated with higher hemoglobin and hematocrit compared with non-infected patients. <strong>Aim of this work</strong>: was to study the effect of HBV versus HCV infection on the response to erythropoietin therapy in the treatment of anemia in prevalent hemodialysis. <strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>this study was conducted at Damanhour Fever Hospital hemodialysis unit including 60 patients under regular hemodialysis three sessions a weak and this phase extended from October 2015 till april 2016. Results indicated that hemodialysis patients with HCV and hemodialysis patients with HBV infection had higher mean hemoglobin, than negative group but with no significant statistical difference. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: It could be concluded that hemodialysis patients with HCV tend to have higher baseline hemoglobin (with no significant statistical difference) and decreased need for EPO therapy while patients with HBV infection tend to have higher baseline hemoglobin (with no significant statistical difference) and increased need for EPO therapy.
Anemia,Erythropoitin,HCV,HBV,dialysis
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11526.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11526_ba21e677b49f289ca362a53d8c8326c4.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Medical Student’s Knowledge of Ionizing Radiation and Radiation Protection in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
97
101
EN
Tarik Anwar
Rahmatullah
Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
tarik_jhan@hotmail.com
Khalid Anwar
Abo Alela
Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Khalid Saeed
Alanazi
Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
10.12816/0042969
<strong>Objectives:</strong> This study aimed to assess the knowledge of medical students in ionizing radiation and to study the effect of a 3-hour lecture in correcting their misconceptions.
<strong>Methods:</strong> a cohort study was conducted on medical students at Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the academic year 2015-2016. A 7-question multiple choice test type questionnaires administered before and after a 3-hour lecture was used to assess their knowledge. The data were collected from December 2015 to February 2016. The lecture was given to 333 (72%) participants, out of the total of 459 medical students. It covered topics in ionizing radiation and radiation protection. The questionnaire was validated and analyzed by 3 content experts. <strong>Results:</strong> of the 333 who attended the lecture, only 253 (76%) students completed the pre- and post questionnaire and they were included in this study. The average student score improved from 47-78% representing a gain of 31% in knowledge (p =0.01).
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: the results indicated that the medical student’s knowledge regarding ionizing radiation and radiation protection is inadequate. Additional lectures in radiation protection significantly improved their knowledge of the topic and correct their current misunderstanding. This study had shown that even with one dedicated lecture, students can learn and learn general principles regarding ionizing radiation.
ionizing,non-ionizing,Radiation,Students,lecture
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11527.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11527_5f46b60546ff1fee4623b81fd57b7cb1.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
An Overview of the Most Common Enzyme Defect, Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase Deficiency
102
108
EN
Ibrahim Hussain
Muzaffar
Umm Alqura University
dr.ibrahim.muzaffar@outlook.sa
Khaled Rashad
Boundaqji
Ibn Sina National College
Hazim Abdulkarim
Khatib
King Abdulaziz University
Ruqayah Taqi
Almozayin
Ibn Sina National College
Mahmoud Shehab
Halawani
Batterjee Medical College for Sciences and Technology
Abdulmalik Ghassan
Abumohssin
King Abdulaziz University
Bayan Khalid Sabb
Gul
Umm Alqura University
bayan_sabb@hotmail.com
Mohibullah Noorunnabi
khan
Ibn Sina National College
Ayman Ali
ALhboob
Taiz University
Faris Abdullah
Alharbi
University of Gezira
Mona Eada Khalfe
Mohmmad
Al Furat University
10.12816/0042970
<strong>Background: </strong>Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase<strong> (</strong>G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency globally and is more remarkable in certain parts of the world which had high malaria prevalence in the past. It is an X-linked genetically inherited disorder, where the first presentation can be neonatal jaundice. There are over 300 variants of this disorder based upon the genetics. Although the morbidity and mortality is not very high, the deficiency can be more appropriately managed by proper preventive methods which include screening and avoidance of trigger. Also prompt management of acute hemolysis can save a child from many complications. <strong> </strong><br /> <strong>Methodology: </strong> we conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE from January 1987 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: G6PD deficiency, prevalence of G6PD, genetics of G6PD deficiency, management and diagnosis of G6PD<br /> <strong>Aim of the work: </strong>this study aimed to understand about the etiology, pathophysiology and study various lines of prevention and management of G6PD deficiency in pediatric age group.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>proper preventive and treatment methods can avoid negative effects on the child’squality of life andreduce morbidity and mortality, therefore the child’s care takers must be well informed. <strong> </strong>
G6PD deficiency,prevalence of G6PD,genetics of G6PD deficiency,management and prevention of G6PD,diagnosis of G6PD
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11532.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11532_81c5a9eef9af6cbf49f9a6fc339eb888.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Correlation between Central Corneal Thickness and Degree of Myopia
109
113
EN
Mostafa
A
Al Hussein University Hospital and Nour Al Hyaa Eye Hospital, Cairo.
Mohamed
M
Al Hussein University Hospital and Nour Al Hyaa Eye Hospital, Cairo.
10.12816/0042971
<strong>Aim of the work</strong>: this study aimed to determine the relationship between central corneal thickness (CCT) and myopia.
<strong>Methods:</strong> one hundred and eight (108) Egyptian subjects were included in this study. They were not presenting with any eye disease and had never undergone eye surgery. The total number of subjects meeting the inclusion criteria was 108 (216 eyes) 87 were myopes and 21 were emmetrope. They were categorized into two main groups: myopic group (<strong>Group I)</strong> and the control group <strong>(Group II</strong>). The CCT was measured with the pentacam.
<strong>Results</strong>: the present study comprised 59 males (54.6 %) and 49 females (45.4%). Their age ranged between 19 and 58 years. The mean CCT was 538.2 right eye and 536.3 left eye in <strong>group Ia</strong>, 522.3 right eye and 523.7 left eye in <strong>group Ib</strong>, 542.0 right eye and 550.3 left eye in <strong>group Ic,</strong> and 529.0 right eye and 526.8 left eye in the control group <strong>(Group II). </strong>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> this clinical study showed that there was no difference in CCT between emmetropic and myopic eyes. CCT did not correlate with the degree of myopia.
Central Corneal Thickness,myopia pachymetry
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11533.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11533_1872a591601251747b38c4d39e7a8bea.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Lab Diagnosed Anemia among Women in Alyamamah Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
114
117
EN
Abdulmajeed Mohammed
Alolayah
Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh
mcst.555@gmail.com
Hamad Zaal
Assaf
Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh
Youssef Fayez
Horaib
Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh
Leejin Saleh Bin
Kleib
Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh
Ola Haidar
Wahbi
Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh
Mhd Salim
Khatab
Almaarefa Colleges, Riyadh
Fatima Zeyaul Haque
Siddiqui
Alfaisal University, Riyadh
Manal Abdullah
Alshammari
University of Hail, Riyadh
Marwah Ahmed Bin
Garhom
Al Iman General Hospital, Riyadh
Nadia Mohammed
Banafa
Kingdom Hospital, Riyadh
10.12816/0042972
<strong>Background</strong><strong>:</strong> anemia in pregnancy is a common problem. Easy diagnosis and treatment enhance focus on anemia cases.
<strong>Aim</strong><strong>and</strong><strong>Objectives</strong><strong>:</strong> to determine the common types and grades of anemia in a hospital lab in Riyadh and to compare types of anemia among age and pregnancy status.
<strong>Method</strong><strong>:</strong> cross-sectional study. Study area: a hematology-log in lab. Samples: convenience samples of 120 anemic ladies. Tool: questionnaires. Methods of data collection: CBC results.
<strong>Results</strong><strong>:</strong> This study-addressing anemia among women in a lab in Riyadh involves 120 ladies. When they were distributed as pregnant and non-pregnant women, 70% were pregnant. About 70% of the pregnant and 39% of non-pregnant had iron deficiency anemia, this difference statistically significance (P= 0.0013). Normocytic normochromic anemia was falling in 26% and 50% of the pregnant and non-pregnant ladies respectively; this difference was statistically significant (P= 0.0112). About 94.5% of iron deficiency anemias have low MCH. PCV was low in all cases of anemia.
<strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>:</strong> Anemia in women of child bearing age are more commonly observed in study. Most common type of anemia among cases was iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia was the most common in pregnant, while normochromic normocytic anemia was the most common in non-pregnant. MCV & MCH were significant characteristics finding in iron deficiency anemia.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11534.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11534_22650d79bff7343ac45907f92b3dbd2f.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Assessment of the Knowledge of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease among The Saudi Population of Altaif City
118
123
EN
Neama M.
Taha
Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, KSA
Mohammed Badr
Sahaki
Batterjee Medical College for Sciences and Technology
moe.badr87@gmail.com
Omar Moussa Darwish
Maimsh
King Abdulaziz University
Abdullah Saad Safar
Alghamdi
King Abdulaziz University
Anas Hassan Saeed
Alzahrani
King Abdulaziz University
Marwan Mahmoud Mohammed
Aljohani
King Abdulaziz University
Mohammed Mahmoud Mohammed
Aljohani
King Abdulaziz University
Abdullah Mady Sultan
Alsubeay
King Abdulaziz University
Abdulghaffar Talal
Halawani
King Abdulaziz University
10.12816/0042973
<strong>Background:</strong> gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) ranks as one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders. Up to this date, no studies examined the level of health knowledge of Saudi population about GERD.
<strong>Aim of the study: </strong>this study aimedto assess knowledge about GERD signs, symptoms and risk factors in Saudi residents of Altaif City.
<strong>Methods: </strong>this minimal knowledge questionnaire that was distributed among the general public in Altaif City, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of two sections: section 1 included personal data and section 2 explored the awareness and knowledge about the most common symptoms and risk factors of GERD. Only questionnaires without missing data were subjected to statistical analysis.
<strong>Results: </strong>respondents who answered all the questions correctly represented 7.4%, while those who answered all wrongly were 1.5%. The mean proportion of minimal medical knowledge (MMK) score was 64.66%. Respondents with higher education (p < 0.001), medical background (p = 0.004) and health knowledge derived from books (p = 0.001) achieved the highest total scores. Sex, residence, marital status, and past/family history of GERD seemed not to affect the mean MMK scores (p = 0.277, 0.234, 0.970, 0.873 and 0.085 respectively).
<strong>Conclusion: </strong>some symptoms (Globus sensation, dysphagia and odynophagia) and risk factors (Scleroderma and asthma) for GERD remained unknown to nearly half the participants. We recommend providing health information concerning GERD on the Internet or to prepare booklets to be distributed through the health care facilities.
Gastroesophageal Reflux,symptoms,risk factors,knowledge questionnaire
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11559.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11559_d330ad3c09eb21cc316c2e8820cb7d65.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Polycythemia Vera (PV) Complicated by Late Diagnosis of Multiple Splenic Infarcts: A Case Report
124
126
EN
Musab A
Alsubaie
College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Samer A
Alamri
College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Saleh H
Alkhalid
1College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
10.21608/ejhm.2018.11560
Polycythemia vera (PV) is a chronic myeloproliferative tumor where bone marrow makes more red blood cells and other bone marrow cells. Many patients initially are asymptomatic, however, other patients may develop symptoms and complications of this disease later on. One of the PV complications is developing thrombosis in different sites, one of these sites is splenic vessels causing splenic infarction. Here we are describing a JAK2 positive PV case who presented with vague abdominal pain and diagnosed by CT to have splenic infarction, and was treated medically without going to surgical options. In conclusion, splenic infarction is a rare and unique complication of PV. Early diagnosis is paramount to prevent complications and a team approach is highly recommended for the best outcomes.
Polycythemia vera,Splenic infarction,Thrombosis
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11560.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11560_e36f884030ea2feeed11ba8c4d62f782.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
12 Months’ Outcomes of Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for Keratoconus Patients in Saudi Arabia
127
131
EN
Humoud
Alkhalaf
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, King Saud University
homoud92@gmail.com
Abdulrahman
Alkhalaf
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, King Saud University
10.12816/0042975
<strong>Background:</strong> keratoconus is a degenerative disorder of the eye in which structural changes within the cornea becomes thin and accompanied by changes in its shape. Corneal collagen cross linking is one of the options to treat keratoconic eye by using riboflavin drops and UV light.
<strong>Purpose:</strong> was to assess the safety and efficacy of corneal collagen cross-linking and to investigate the refractive and topographic outcomes before and after the surgery.
<strong>Methods:</strong> this is a retrospective randomized study enrolling 77 patients with keratoconic eyes, we gathered the data of refractive (Sphere and cylinder), keratometry (K1, K2), pachymetry readings before and up to 12 months after corneal collagen cross-linking procedure in Binrushd Ophthalmologic Clinic Centre.
<strong>Results:</strong> in this study, male to female ratio was 2.6:1. Age of patients ranged between 15-41 years old. Mean outcomes at 1 year postoperatively were K2 (-0.89) Dipolar, K1 was -0.53) Dipolar. The thinnest area of the cornea (Pachymetry) improved by a mean of 23 microns. In addition to that, the results showed a clinically significant improvement in K-reading, pachymetry and refractive error in both males and females patients regarding to the p value which reached 0.23.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> corneal collagen cross-linking is a safe modality to treat keratoconic eye in delaying or preventing the progression of the disease.
cornea,collagen,Cross-linking,keratoconic eyes
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11561.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11561_0cd5df1b610b54e272931c6f20a96c9c.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Serum Galectin 3 Levels in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Liver Cirrhosis and Chronic Viral Hepatitis
132
139
EN
Mohammed K.
Zahra
Department of Clinical Pathology,Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Taher E.
Attia
Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases,
Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Amira Y.
Ahmad
Department of Clinical Pathology,Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Mai A.
Othman
Department of Clinical Pathology,Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
mai.abdelmabood@gmail.com
10.12816/0042976
<strong>Background: </strong>hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a global health problem. It is the fifth most common solid tumor and the third cause of cancer-related mortality per year.In Egypt, it represents 75% of malignant liver tumors. Early detection and diagnosis of these cases are required for successful treatments and improved outcomes. <strong>Aim of the Work: </strong>this study aimed to detect serum galactin-3 levels in patients with HCC, liver cirrhosis and chronic viral hepatitis (HBV, or HCV) patients. <strong>Patients and Methods: </strong>this prospective study was conducted on a total of 60 patients, 20 of them with chronic viral hepatitis B or C, 20 with cirrhosis secondary to chronic viral hepatitis and 20 with HCC secondary to chronic viral hepatitis. It was carried out at the Clinical Pathology Department, Tanta University Hospital.<strong> Results:</strong> the mean galectin‑3 levels were 15.5 ng/mL (±5.5) in HCC patients, 20.46 ng/mL (±7.56) in cirrhotic patients and 7.003 ng/mL (±4.24) in chronic viral hepatitis group. There were statistical differences between HCC and cirrhotic patients (P< 0.03), but they were lower in chronic hepatitis group statistically compared to cirrhosis and HCC (P< 0.001). <strong>Conclusion: </strong>serum galectin‑3 levels in patients with chronic HBV or HCV may guide us about progression to cirrhosis or HCC and prognosis of the disease. In these patients, if galectin‑3 levels were found to be high, serum alpha‑feto protein level and ultrasonographic examination could be repeated at more frequent intervals. This may also guide us in terms of the treatment plan.<strong> Recommendations: </strong>it was recommended to measure changes of galectin-3 in hepatitis carries. Measurement of galectin-3 in a large scale of patients to explore its prognostic value.
galectin-3,HCC,Liver cirrhosis,Chronic viral hepatitis
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11562.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11562_3f30c1b277e6bf6e5e04d71f525eaa2f.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Role of Advanced MRI Techniques in Evaluating The Response of Breast Cancer to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
140
150
EN
A Mohamed
Nancy
Department of Radio-diagnosis
Faculty of Medicine – Ain Shams University
drnancyahmed2014@gmail.com
Lobna A Habeeb, Nivine A
Chalabi
Department of Radio-diagnosis
Faculty of Medicine – Ain Shams University
10.12816/0042977
<strong>Background: </strong>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the favored treatment of choice among locally advanced breast cancer patients because it significantly increases the possibility of breast-conserving surgery. However, for non-responders, an early prediction of response to NAC is essential. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast is an adjunct diagnostic procedure to mammography and ultrasound. Because of its high sensitivity and effectiveness in dense breast tissue, MRI can be a valuable addition to the diagnostic work-up of a patient with breast abnormality or biopsy-proven cancer. <strong>Aim of the Work: </strong>To highlight the role of advanced MRI techniques in the prediction and follow up of the response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early change in tumor size measured on MR images is a good predictor of final response after Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However, even if the cells respond to treatment, it takes some time for the tumor to shrink. Substantial research effort has been spent on investigating whether other information provided by MR imaging may serve as earlier response indicators than change in tumor size. Techniques that seem to be closest to clinical application, due to their feasibility and the promising results, are the pharmacokinetic analysis of DCE-MRI (Dynamic Contrast Enhanced- MRI), DW-MRI (Diffusion Weighted- MRI) and Spectroscopy.
MRI,breast cancer,Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11563.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11563_219034fccff8cef59fe7320c9d6670dc.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Cataracts Pathophysiology and Managements
151
154
EN
Abdulrahman Zaid
Alshamrani
King Abdulaziz University
lion_man_90@hotmail.com
10.12816/0042978
<strong>Background: </strong>Cataract is defined as the loss of lens transparency because of opacification of the lens. Age-related cataract is the most prevalent type in adults, with the onset between age 45 to 50 years, while in children hereditary and metabolic causes are most common.<br /> <strong>Aim of the work: </strong>In this study, our aim was to discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiology, classification, risk factors, symptoms, and management of cataracts.<br /> <strong>Methodology: </strong>Weconducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE from January 1981 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: cataracts, causes of cataract, pathophysiology of cataract, management of cataract.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cataract is one of the most common causes of blindness worldwide, and more prevalent in developing countries. It is also the most curable cause of blindness which involves a simple surgical procedure.
cataracts,causes of cataract,pathophysiology of cataract,management of cataract
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11564.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11564_87ac1a0de081503978945de5eeca5443.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
A Retrospective Analysis of Epidemiology Prognostic Factor and Response of Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
155
170
EN
Dalia A
El-Khodary
Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine
Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
Khaled K
Elghoniemy
Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine
Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
Wesam R EL
Ghamry
Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine
Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
Heba R
Saleh
Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine
Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
dr.xivago87@gmail.com
10.12816/0042979
<strong>Background:</strong> malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) represents a common malignant disease. It is an aggressive tumor arising from the mesothelial cells lining the pleura. There is an extremely poor prognosis and a vast majority of MPM patients are diagnosed in an advanced stage. Rapid progression of the disease, no effective therapeutic approach and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy resulted in a median survival time of less than 12 months. <strong>Aim of the Work:</strong> this study aimed to analyze the clinic pathological profile, the various prognostic factors and treatment response of malignant mesothelioma patients in our center in terms of overall survival and progression free survival. <strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> this retrospective was conducted on Malignant Mesothelioma patients who presented to the Department of Clinical Oncology, Ain Shams University from 1 January, 2011 to 31 December, 2014. <strong>Results:</strong> the mean age of the included patients were 61.04 years with male predominance 50.6% and female 49.1%. Occupational risk was documented in only 11.1% of included patients; most patients live in the industrial environment (67.9%) and the rest in non industrial environment (32.1%). All patients had negative family history of cancer. All patients had negative surgical history, 66.7% of patients had positive history of asbestos exposure. The commonest co morbidity among the studied patients were HTN as it was accounted for 24.7% of the included patients followed by diabetes mellitus in 16% of patients on the other hand, only 3.7% of patients had no co morbidity. Dyspnea was the commonest symptoms (77.8%) among the included patients, followed by cough (33.3%) and chest pain in 12.3%, the other symptoms with lower presentation included hemoptysis and anemia. P.S 1(28.4%) was recorded among the included patients and 53.1% patients had P.S 2 while, rest of patients 18.5% had P.S 3. Patients were diagnosed by CT chest and pleural biopsy either US guided or CT guided, chest X ray, thoracoscopic biopsy, FNAC and open pleural biopsy. The results also showed that the median PFS among the included patients was 2 months. Median OAS was 6.1 months. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>best survival data in patients with MPM were currently reported from groups using multimodality treatment including MCR achieved either by EPP or extrapleural decortication for patients qualifying as far as tumor stage and functional reserve were concerned. In general, several treatment combinations have been applied ranging from systemic (neo- or adjuvant) to localized chemotherapy, neo- or adjuvant radiotherapy and others. <strong>Recommendations:</strong> The choice of the surgical procedure should be tailored according to tumor stage, performance status, and institutional experience. Morbidity and mortality of these treatment approaches have been reduced at experienced centers indicating that this complex treatment should be performed at dedicated high volume mesothelioma centers.
Epidemiology,Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11566.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11566_4ca48721a2ad9e01991d3f729a0fb2e6.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Patient Compliance in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy versus Open Cholecystectomy
171
176
EN
Ahmed Bahjat A
Alghamdi
Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies
ahmedbahjat@hotmail.com
Zaid Ahmad M
Alzahrani
Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies
Majed Dakhel
Almutairi
Qassim University
Naif Negikhan
Alotaibi
Qassim University
AbdulAziz Yamani
Alzahrani
King AbdulAziz University
10.12816/0042980
Gallbladder disease is one of the most mutual procedures done worldwide. Earlier, an open technique was the regular procedure for cholecystectomy. This typically encompassed performing an intraoperative cholangiogram, and individuals regularly had a two to six-day post-operative hospital stay. With the introduction of laparoscopic surgery and the laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the early 1990s, the standards for cholecystectomy have changed to a laparoscopic technique. This technique presented a 30% increase in the overall performance of elective cholecystectomies. Nowadays, 92% of all cholecystectomies are performed laparoscopically. There are numerous signs in performing open cholecystectomies, and this procedure residues a significant part of training for the general surgery resident. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is indicated for the treatment of cholecystitis (acute/chronic), gallstone pancreatitis, acalculous cholecystitis, biliary dyskinesia, symptomatic cholelithiasis, and gallbladder masses/polyps. These indications are the same for an open cholecystectomy. Cases of gallbladder cancers are usually best treated with open cholecystectomy.
gallbladder,Laparoscopic cholecystectomy,symptomatic gallstones,open cholecystectomy,cholecystitis,Choledocholithiasis
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11570.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11570_757462ab044189dafb5a46f831cfd5ab.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Profile of Skin Biopsies and Skin Cancer Subtypes in Hail Region, A Three Years Retrospective Study
177
188
EN
Fouad Taiwilaa
Alshammari
University of Hail
f-3033@hotmail.com
Saleh Muflih
Alghaythi
University of Hail
q1pe54@gmail.com
Mohammed Abdulrazaq
Alharbi
University of Hail
Fawwaz
Alshammrie
University of Hail
10.12816/0042981
<strong>Objectives</strong>: to analyze the spectrum of skin lesions at our institute, and study the age, sex and anatomic distribution pattern. We will also classify the lesions into major categories and determine the incidence of each subcategory.<br /> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> we carried a three and half year’s retrospective studyofskin biopsies which were collected from King Khalid Hospital recording system in Hail region in a time period from January 2014 till April 2017.<strong>Results</strong>: The highest percentage was in the age group 30-39 year (25.1%) with a male preponderance of 52.8%. The head, neck and face were most frequently involved body parts (46.06%). Cysts were the most common (32.3%) which included the sub-types epidermoid cyst, ganglion, dermoid cyst, pilar cyst and brachial cleft cyst. Nevi (19.4%) including intradermal nevus, congenital nevus and blue nevus were the second most common skin lesion. Correlation with the histopathologic diagnosis was positive in 94.9% cases and negative in 5.1% cases.
Biopsy,histopathology,Dermatopathology,Skin lesions
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11574.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11574_ac3891be1bc46980eedf0971cd84b3d9.pdf
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
1687-2002
2090-7125
70
1
2018
01
01
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
181
186
EN
Abrar Mohammed Noor
Gashgari
Baterjee Medical Collage
a.gashgari@ymail.com
Khalid Mohamad
Alhusainy
Majmaah University
Fahad Obaid Eid
Alharbi
Qassim University
Al Qahtany Faisal
Hani M
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Abdulaziz Mohammed
Omer
Baterjee Medical Collage
Abdulaziz Hamad
Alali
Imam Mohammed Bin Saud University
Firas Ibrahim
Moharaq
Umm Al Qura University
Ziad Marwan
Soufi
Baterjee Medical Collage
Khaled Rashad
Boundaqji
Ibn Sina National College
Rayyan Ibrahim
Sayyal
Ibn Sina National College
Mohammed
Alsharif
Taif University
10.12816/0042982
<strong>Background: </strong>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most frequent cause of liver diseaseacross the world. Its pathophysiology is considered multifaceted and is controlled by numerous mechanisms comprising environmental, metabolic, genetic, and gut microbial factors. Diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease poses a challenge owing to its subtle and non-specific presentation. <strong><br />Methodology:</strong> we conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE from January 1987 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic liver disease, chronic liver disease, diagnosis and management of liver pathology<br /> <strong>Aim of the work:</strong> In this study we aimed to understand about the pathophysiology, diagnosis, management and prognosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>More studies must be done to formulate a more definite and reliable diagnostic method. General practitioners and specialists must be informed of the possible manifestation sings to keep higher degree of suspicion. Once NAFLD is established, frequent follow-up and proper management can reduce complications and improve prognosis<strong>.</strong>
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,Chronic liver disease,liver disease in adults
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11578.html
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11578_96c932a71bb6b9ef52b2bedc42ed060e.pdf