ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Overview of Complications and Management Approaches of Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction
Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is a popular speculative version of renal injury, associated with kidney drop. Throughout the time of UUO, nephron damage is started by a boosted intratubular hydrostatic pressure and also secondary ischemia. In the course of the disease, even more, general arbitrators of kidney injury are invited.
Objective: Primary goal of this review was to highlight the complications following the Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and obstructive uropathy in general, as well as to discuss the therapeutic strategies for this urological condition.
Material and method: We review the Published literature concerning unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) up to August, 2017. Search was conducted using electronic databases; Medline, and Embase. Search strategy through mentioned databases was performed using medical subject headings (MeSH) as following, “obstructive uropathy”, “obstructive nephropathy”, “Unilateral ureteral obstruction”, “UUO”. Furthermore, bibliographic of the articles were manually searched for having more relevant studies. Restriction to our search was applied to only English language published studies.
Conclusion: Speculative UUO is an animal version of the human condition, which duplicates not only human-ureteral-tract-obstruction-induced kidney injury, it is largely held that CKD happens consequently of the procedure of damaging fibrosis. UUO is a well-described model of renal fibrosis and the mood of CKD occurrence while UUO persisting. Additionally, several crucial procedures in the pathogenesis of AKI as well as CKD, such as tubular cell injury, interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Management approaches of UUO can be through several steps; first the diagnostic management which will indicate the need of the following two steps of treatment; whether pharmacological, as rapamycin substantially undermined kidney interstitial damages in a UUO-induced rat version of renal fibrosis, suggesting that rapamycin could have the possibility to postpone the progression of the transformation of renal mesenchymal and kidney fibrosis of surgical treatment.
.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11950_6957a970bb42fdcb78014c24dd49be31.pdf
2017-10-01
2373
2377
Obstructive Uropathy
obstructive nephropathy
Unilateral ureteral obstruction
renal injury
Chronic Kidney Disease
Ibrahim Abdullah
Abalhassan
ibabalhassan@gmail.com
1
Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Review of the Pathogenesis of Pediatric Asthma and the Effect of Leukotriene Modifiers in Pediatric Asthma Management
Background: Asthma is the most common chronic illness that affects children. It is described by chronic airway inflammation, remodeling of the airway wall, and airway hyper-responsiveness to non-specific spasms in response to stimuli causing a reversible airflow obstruction. Leukotrienes are one of the primary chemical mediators of inflammation in asthmatic airway, therefore leukotriene modifiers are an important class of drug for treating asthma. Methodology: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 1981, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: asthma pathophysiology, chemokines, leukotriene, leukotriene modifiers, Montelukast in asthma management Aim: our aim was to understand in depth the pathophysiology of pediatric asthma, and to study the effect of leukotriene modifiers in asthma management. Conclusion: For management of pediatric asthma, the leukotriene modifiers play a key role. New studies have shown that they could help in reducing dose and dependency on inhaled corticosteroid for maintenance, and decrease the need of systemic steroids in exacerbation. Leukotriene modifiers can have a positive impact on future asthma management and requires more studies to be done in this subject.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11951_c1bd87cc36e36055859cf7593a724e49.pdf
2017-10-01
2378
2383
10.12816/0041680
pediatric asthma
asthma pathophysiology
leukotriene modifiers for asthma management
Ola Abdullah
Al-Nemer
dr.olaal-nemer@hotmail.com
1
Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Haneen Jameel
Alshareef
2
Umm Al-Qura University
AUTHOR
Afnan Abdullah
Aljehani
3
Umm Al-Qura University
AUTHOR
Abrar Mohammed noor
Gashgari
4
Batterjee Medical Collage
AUTHOR
Bayan Ali
Alqarni
5
Ibn Sina National College
AUTHOR
Abdullah Abdulaziz
Bin Jariyd
6
Al Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University
AUTHOR
Fahad Obaid
Alshammari
7
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
AUTHOR
Muayad Mahmood Anbar
Serri
8
Al Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University
AUTHOR
Raed Mohammad noor
Alsamadani
9
King Abdulaziz University
AUTHOR
Rayan Ibrahim
Sayyal
10
King Abdulaziz University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Gallstones among Population in Riyadh City, KSA 2017
Background: The most common risk factors for gallstones formations are old age, female gender, obesity and diabetes mellitus. However, information about the prevalence and significant risk factors in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are limited. Objectives: Evaluating the prevalence and risk factors of gallstone disease among Saudi population in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: A cross sectional study that included 500 subjects adult Saudi population who were randomly chosen from February –June 2017. The volunteers were subjected to clinical evaluation, laboratory investigations and ultrasound examination. Results: The overall prevalence of gallstone disease was 8.6%. The older age, female gender, physical activities and obesity are key factors in the gallstones progression. Also, diabetes, liver enzymes and the lipid profile were modifiable risk factors for gallstones. Conclusion: The risk factors for gallstones formation are old age, female gender, physical activities and obesity were key factors in the gallstones progression.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11952_8a7d8835b02597ad9a86aa788e6213ae.pdf
2017-10-01
2384
2388
10.12816/0041681
gallstones
prevalence
risk factors
Youssef Ahmed
Alishi
1
Imam Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University
AUTHOR
Faris Ahmad
Howaish
2
Imam Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University
AUTHOR
Fahad Abdulrahman
Alhamdan
3
Imam Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University
AUTHOR
Ahmed Abdullah
Almalki
4
Southeast University
AUTHOR
Salman Assal
Alqahtani
5
University of Jeddah
AUTHOR
Saif Abdullah
Alharthi
6
Taif University
AUTHOR
Ahmed Saleh
Alanazi
7
Tabuk university
AUTHOR
Abdullah Hadi Saaty
Alsuroji
8
King Abdulaziz University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of Sub-Endometrial Blood Flow and Endometrial Leukemia Inhibitory Factor as a Marker for Endometrial Receptivity in Women with Unexplained Infertility
Background: Infertility is customarily defined as the inability to conceive after 1 year of regular unprotected intercourse. The infertility evaluation is typically initiated after 1 year of trying to conceive, but in couples with advanced female age (> 35 years), most practitioners initiate diagnostic evaluation after an inability to conceive for 6 months. Aim of the Work: To assess endometrial receptivity in women with unexplained infertility using sub-endometrial vascular flow resistant index and endometrial leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Patients and Methods: This clinical controlled trial was conducted at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital during the period from August 2014 to September 2017 on 140 patients divided into two equal groups: Group I (study group): women with unexplained infertility defined as inability to conceive inspite of regular marital life for at least 12 months. Group II (control group): matched women with infertility due to tubal factor, recruited from outpatient gynecology or infertility clinic at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. Results: A cutoff value for LIF staining score of ≤1 predicted unexplained infertility with a sensitivity of 73.33% and specificity of 70.67%; whereas a cutoff of > 0.71 for subendometrial blood flow RI predicted unexplained infertility with a sensitivity of 70.67% and specificity of 86.67%. A cutoff of ≤10 mm for endometrial thickness had the highest sensitivity of 100%, but lacked specificity (only 16%). Conclusion: Leukemia inhibitory factor may be a predictor for unreceptive endometrium in cases of unexplained infertility. Subendometrial blood flow RI and endometrial thickness may be used rather than LIF IHC (due to its invasive nature)for the prediction of endometrial factor status in cases of unexplained infertility because of the statistically significant negative correlation between the above parameters. Recommendations: Further studies are needed to evaluate the predictive value of the multiple logistic model including (endometrial thickness, subendometrial blood flow color Doppler and LIF IHC score and even other proposed cytokines as VEGF, IL6 and integrins) in unexplained infertility.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11953_60f62311c6a678b5597b7c7b23d0ad68.pdf
2017-10-01
2389
2399
10.12816/0041682
sub-endometrial blood flow
endometrial leukemia
inhibitory factor
Endometrial receptivity
Unexplained infertility
Hazem A.
El-Zenneni
1
Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Rowaa A. Moustafa
Moustafa
2
Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Amr Ahmed
Riad
3
Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Ibrahim S.
El-Shazly
dr.ibrahim.elshazly@gmail.com
4
Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Magda N.
Nasr Eldeen
5
Departments of Obstetrics Pathology Faculty of Medicine - Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bariatric Surgery to Treat Obesity Among Adults
Background: Bariatric surgery is one of the few effective treatments for morbid obesity, yet little information about weight outcomes after surgery in this demographic are available. We determined the effectiveness of bariatric surgery in reducing weight and body mass index (BMI) in adults.
Materials and Methods: Adults from 18 to 30 years old who had undertaken gastric bypass or adjustable gastric band surgery between May 2013 and November 2016 and who had complete follow-up data available were included in the present analysis. Mean weight and BMI before and one year after surgery were compared.
Results: Among 35 adults, Mean BMI and weight, and z-scores and percentile transformations were all significantly lower after surgery for the entire sample (P < 0.001). Gastric bypass surgery presented significantly better weight loss outcomes for all anthropometric measures versus adjustable gastric band surgery (P < 0.05). No perioperative complications were reported. Two patients who stopped taking supplements as prescribed experienced iron-deficiency anaemia within the year following surgery.
Conclusions: Our results show that bariatric surgery can markedly reduce weight among a predominantly adult patients sample, and gastric bypass procedure in particular. These findings indicate that bariatric surgery has the potential to be safe and effective in substantially reducing weight in a group of adults who are at particularly high risk for obesity-related health consequences.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11954_70c35dd0fead17797352c870fe33e18a.pdf
2017-10-01
2400
2404
10.12816/0041683
overweight
Treatment
Bariatric surgery
Metabolic syndrome
adults
Nazer Raef
Waleed M
1
Batterjee Medical College
AUTHOR
Yazid Ali M
Algadhi
2
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Saeed Awdah
Assiri
3
Al-Baha University
AUTHOR
Mashail Ali
Alomari
4
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Osama Talaat
Khouj
5
King Abdul Aziz University Hospital
AUTHOR
Meaad Yassin
Albakestani
6
Batterjee Medical College
AUTHOR
Doha Taha
Abafallata
7
Batterjee Medical College
AUTHOR
Muath Abdullah
Aloufi
8
University of Tabuk
AUTHOR
Mosab Abed F
Alsobhi
9
King Abdulaziz University
AUTHOR
Nahlah ali
alsubhi
10
Ibn Sina National College
AUTHOR
Nasser Mubarak S
Alshahrani
11
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Mohammed Sadan M.
Alzahrani
12
Alsulimaniah Phcc-Jeddah's East General Hospital
AUTHOR
Eman Ahmad H.
Alabdrabalrasol
13
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
AUTHOR
Sajedah Hassan
Almshikhess
14
Umm Alqura University
AUTHOR
Turki Rashid A
Alsudairi
15
King Faisal University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Antibiotics Misuse among the Public in Saudi Arabia
Background: The misuse of antibiotics could result in a public health problem including the high prevalence of antibiotic resistance.
Objectives: Assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding the antibiotics misuse in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).
Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was conducted at AL-Mahd General Hospital, Saudi Arabia, Ministry of Health, from February to June 2017 among 721 adult Saudi subjects.
Results: The most common source of knowledge about antibiotics among participants was a physician (50.8%) followed by internet in 25.9%. About 50.3% of subjects used antibiotics more than 5 times per year and 65.6% of participants have recently used antibiotics. Insufficient knowledge was found among 59.6% of respondents and most of the subjects declared negative attitude and poor practice pattern. The good knowledge was associated with being young, female and higher educational degree.
Conclusion: The level of knowledge was insufficient and resulted in inappropriate attitude and practice pattern in KSA. The lower educational degree, young age and female gender were significant contributors to sufficient knowledge about antibiotic use.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11955_23b4a4b80bfb1ad80309be9aca322c20.pdf
2017-10-01
2405
2411
10.12816/0041684
Knowledge
Attitude
Practice
Antibiotic use
misuse
Almutairi Masaad
Awadh
1
Departments of clinical pharmacy-Almahd General Hospital, Medina
AUTHOR
Alharthi Khuwilid
Raja
2
Departments of clinical pharmacy- King Abdullah Hospital,
AUTHOR
Alshehri Ibrahim
Mahdi
3
Departments of clinical pharmacy,
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prevalence of Social Phobia among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia
Background: Social phobia is the second most common type of anxiety disorders. It is A persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others. The individual fears that he or she will act in a way (or show anxiety symptoms) that will be embarrassing and humiliating. The symptoms of social phobia including nausea, slurred speech and palpitations. It can negatively affect the activity of the person. Persons with social phobia have a negative effect on social relationships and impairments in work performance. Social phobia prevalence varies between different countries and cultures.
Aim:To estimate the prevalence of social phobia among medical students in Saudi Arabia.
Methods:This study was conducted by using SPIN structured questionnaire and it included 1447 of medical students from different educational years. The questionnaire involved 17 questions, the total score referred to the different severity of the disease that ranged from no disease to very severe.
Results: The female percent was 61.7% and male percent was 38.3%. Students from the 7th medical year represented the large majority of participants 25.4%. The mean score of social phobia was 37.95 ±14.17. The prevalence of mild grade of social phobia was 29%, moderate represented 24.3%, sever grade represented 19.1% and very severe represented 19.8%, higher percent of females 20.3% suffered very sever social phobia than males (19%). There was a significant difference regarding different social phobia grades and the medical years of students (P-value=0.004).
Conclusion:There was a mild prevalence of social phobia between medical students with no significant difference between males and females regarding different grades of social phobia.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11958_7ceb5f877c89534973d48becf81a4c5c.pdf
2017-10-01
2412
2416
10.12816/0041685
Social Phobia
Medical students
SAD in KSA
Adnan Khalifah
Alkhalifah
1
Qassim University, College of Medicine
AUTHOR
Najeeb Saleh
Alsalameh
najib1427@hotmail.com
2
Alamal Mental Hospital, Riyad
LEAD_AUTHOR
Majed Ali
Alhomaidhy
3
Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh
AUTHOR
Nabiel abdulaziz
alrwies
4
Alamal Mental Hospital, Alqassim, KSA
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Community in Riyadh City, 2017
Background: The control of TB could achieved with a high level of knowledge regarding managing the risk factors and high risk groups.
Objectives: Assess the knowledge of community population toward tuberculosis (TB) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (KSA).
Methods: A community based-cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among 675 adult Saudi population at the several malls of Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia during the period from February to May 2017.All respondents filled out a validated questionnaire for assessing the subject’s demographic and knowledge about tuberculosis.
Results: The general knowledge about TB was high among 88.7% of subjects and the source of knowledge was health professionals in 35.1% followed by TV in 32.9% and internet among 32%. A poor knowledge was found among 55.9% and good knowledge was shown among 44.1% of respondents. The good knowledge was significantly associated with young age and working at medical jobs.
Conclusion: Most of participants had misconceptions about tuberculosis. Also, the control programs for TB in KSA need more understanding for enhancement of TB control and improve medical awareness among population in KSA as well as increasing protection measures against the infection with TB.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11959_d5967538e9b3286cb462e7aa94e8e114.pdf
2017-10-01
2417
2420
10.12816/0041686
Knowledge
Attitude
Practice
Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB)
Riyadh
Meshari Sulaiman
Bin Huwaymil
1
Medical students at Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University
AUTHOR
Mohammed Abdulaziz
Alkhalifah
2
Medical students at Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University
AUTHOR
Meshari Abdullah Alfaris Omar Ahmed
Alsaqabi
3
Medical students at Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University
AUTHOR
Rashed Fahad
Alhabshan
4
Medical students at Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University
AUTHOR
Abdulrahman Nasser
Alzaid
5
Medical students at Mohammad Bin Saud Islamic University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Regarding Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Saudi Arabia Community in 2017
Background: Despite the improvements in the health care education of management in KSA, the prevalence of tuberculosis remains alarming. Objectives: Evaluation of the knowledge, attitude and practice among Saudi population regarding pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: A multi-center community cross sectional study was assessed among random sample of 2056 adult Saudi subjects from different regions in KSA. All participants filled out a questionnaire that included questions about demographics, awareness, attitude and practice about pulmonary tuberculosis.
Results: Most of participants (76.8%) had general knowledge about TB disease and only 23.2% haven’t heard about TB before. The majority of Saudi adult (74.9%) have inadequate knowledge about TB and only 25.1% have good knowledge regarding TB. The attitude of respondents about TB was negative among most of them while most of participants had a good practice level but it needs to be increased. There was a significant association between young age and high educational degree with good knowledge about TB.
Conclusion: KAP of Saudi population toward TB seems to be facing some challenges in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The awareness, attitude and practice need to be significantly evaluated in different studies to improve control policies for reducing the disease incidence in our society. The prevention of TB and management are based on good knowledge and education of Saudi population thus the health authorities should intensify efforts and arranging specific educational programs about the disease and the consequences of spreading infection among large sector of the population . Also, means of discovery, medication should receive special attention by the governmental medical authorities.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11960_b30bc0626a38fdf1a4b8b8e4dbe43b93.pdf
2017-10-01
2421
2425
10.12816/0041687
Knowledge
Attitude
Practice
Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB)
general population
KSA
Arwa Abdullah
Aseeri
1
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Raghad Abdulaziz
Turkestani
2
Ibn Sina National Collage
AUTHOR
Mohammed Ali
Alamri
3
Arwa Abdullah Aseeri
AUTHOR
Ghadah Abdulrahman
Algabr
4
Pavol Jozef Šafárik University
AUTHOR
Saif Abdulrahman
Alobaysi
5
Taif University
AUTHOR
ZohairRadi
Alghazal
6
University of Dammam
AUTHOR
Asma Mohammed
Alghamdi
7
Ibn Sina National Collage
AUTHOR
Wala'a Ali
Abdulmotaali
8
King Khalid University,
AUTHOR
Maram Ali
Almane
9
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Sultan Hassan
Asiri
10
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Diagnostic Procedures for Cardiac Arrhythmias, MI or Hypertension
Background: The goal of this study was to highlight the diagnostic methods and approaches toward most devastating cardiac disorders which are cardiac arrhythmias, MI and hypertensive.
Methods: We searched thorough electronic databases as, MEDLINE, EMBASE using the following terms individually and/or in combination: ‘Cardiac arrhythmias’, ‘myocardial infarction (MI)’, ‘hypertension’, ‘ventricular arrhythmias’ and ‘diagnosis’, to look for the most important and relevant articles concerning with the diagnostic approaches of hypertension, MI, and arrhythmias in general.
Conclusion: Some ideal cardiac biochemical markers need to have not only high level of sensitivity but additionally high specificity to coronary infarction. The creatine kinase-MB, a reasonably certain cardiac marker, could be elevated in situations other than acute myocardial infarction. The ECG continues to be a cornerstone in the diagnosis of MI as well as need to be regularly duplicated, particularly if the first ECG is not analysis of MI. The diagnosing high blood pressure consist of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) as well as self-home) BP surveillance (SBPM) as optional methods for determining hypertensive patients. None of the current standards have actually yet consisted of ABPM or SBPM as essential devices for detecting hypertension, preferring instead to depend on standard workplace analyses tape-recorded by mercury sphygmomanometry.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11961_db8558de9aab4b7c052887ec2b675060.pdf
2017-10-01
2426
2432
10.12816/0041688
Cardiovascular disease
tachycardia
Atrial Fibrillation
Sudden Cardiac Death
Omar Hussain
Alghamdi
1
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Hatim Owaidh
Alamri
2
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Hassan Abdulrahman
Eissa
3
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Abdulaziz Saeed Alzhrani, Abdulaziz Saud
Alghamd
4
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Safwan Abdulaziz
Hamouh
5
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Abdulraouf Muhammad
Altaleb
6
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Mohammed Abdullah
Almalki
7
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Abdallah Mohamed
Cheick
8
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Mohammed Ibrahim
Alrimawi
9
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Factors Influencing Time to CT in ER for Patients with Suspected Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Background: IN our present review, the main goal was to determine the factors that influence the time of CT in diagnosis of SAH in emergency department, since the ED physicians are the first who are approaches to the patients, awareness and attitude of those physicians are very important for the benefit of SAH patients.
Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search using following databases; PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS of studies that involving data on the roles and time of CT in diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in ED patients with acute headache, published in English language up to 2017.
Conclusion: CT within 6 hours might be considered enough to rule out SAH in the following circumstances: a neurologically regular patient, a thunderclap headache presentation, a clear time of beginning, and a modern-day CT scan carried out within 6 hours of beginning read by a going to radiologist. Time from headache beginning to imaging is reasonably associated with favorable imaging for SAH. Postpone to health center presentation represent the biggest portion of time to imaging, especially those without SAH. These findings recommend restricted opportunity to minimize lumbar puncture rates merely by accelerating in-hospital processes when imaging hold-ups are under 2 hours, as diagnostic yield of imaging decreases beyond the 6-hour imaging window from headache beginning.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11962_1920b7c4563e1d8b3d39fad6c31536f8.pdf
2017-10-01
2433
2437
10.12816/0041689
Abdulaziz Saeed
Balubaid
1
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Ahmed Khalid
Alzahrani
2
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Omar Hussain
Alghamdi
3
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Hatim Owaidh
Alamri
4
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Hassan Abdulrahman
Eissa
5
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Abdulaziz Saeed
Alzhrani
6
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Abdulaziz Saud
Alghamd
7
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Safwan Abdulaziz
Hamouh
8
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Mohammed Abdullah
Almalki
9
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Khalid Yahya
Alzahrani
10
King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Use of Smartphones, ipads, Laptops and Desktops as A Risk Factor for Non-Specific Neck Pain among Undergraduate University Students
Purpose: This study aimed at determining the association between non-specific neck pain and the use of smart phones, iPads, laptops, and computers by university students.
Relevance: Neck pain is frequently common among adults and contributes significantly to the demand for medical services and the economic burden of absence from work. Population-based studies indicated a prevalence of neck pain between 12 and 34% with an elevated prevalence of the symptoms among users of portable electrical devices. Prolonged use of computers, smartphones and other electronic devices is very common among university students.
Participants: This is a cross-sectional study included 355 undergraduate students from King Abdulaziz University. The data were collected though interviewing using a structured questionnaire to investigate the frequency of neck pain in relation to the types of devices used by the students.
Methods: Students had pain or numbness in the neck according to the frequency of reported pain episodes; pain or numbness in the neck responded by saying very often, often, quite often, sometimes and never. The question of assessment of neck pain was ‘Have you had an ache; pain or numbness in the neck during the last 12 months?’.
Analysis: The comparisons were made between respondents according to the gender variable, type of devices used in the study and types of devices used for entertainment. The chi-square test was used to detect the significant differences between categories. In this study, a P-value less than 0.05 was assumed to be statistically significant (1).
Results: The vast majority of the students were electronic devices users 98%, of them, 92% of used both smartphones and iPads for entertainment, while 32% used these devices for purpose of study. Approximately 64% of the students never complained of neck pain, while 8.2% suffered from neck pain either often or very often. The findings of this study showed significant associations between neck pain and risk factors such as gender, type of devices used for entertainment, and type of devices used for study. About 44% of female students reported the occurrence of neck pain in comparison with only 29% of male students. Regarding the type of devices used for entertainment, 26.3% of students used smartphone and iPad for entertainment, while only 16% of students used desktops and laptops for this purpose. On another side, 45.2% of the students used smartphone and iPads for study, while about 26% of them used desktops and laptops to study.
Conclusions: Most of the university students use electronic devices usually for leisure activities. About a third of the students complained of neck pain symptoms which showed significant associations with female gender and use of small portable devices, smartphone and iPads, either for study
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11963_f22b8d1b3ef9c95cb964d83a26bf0532.pdf
2017-10-01
2438
2441
10.12816/0041690
Neck pain
Smartphones
iPads
Laptops
Students
university
Meshari Musaad
Almalki
1
College of Medicine and Medical Science - Taif University
AUTHOR
Saad Saleh
Algarni
dr.saadalgarni@hotmail.com
2
Taif, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah
AUTHOR
Bader Hulayyil
Almansouri
3
College of Medicine and Medical Science - Taif University, Taif
AUTHOR
Mohammad Abdullah
Aldowsari
4
Taif, college of medicine and medical science - Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Increasing of PCOs among Young Females
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a typical heterogeneous endocrine disorder characterized by irregular menses, polycystic ovaries, and hyperandrogenism. The pervasiveness of PCOS differs relying upon which criteria are utilized to make the diagnosis. Clinical manifestations incorporate oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hirsutism, and normally infertility. Risk factors for PCOS in adult women incorporates type I diabetes, type II diabetes, and gestational diabetes. Insulin resistance influences 50%–70% of women with PCOS prompting various comorbidities containing metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, diabetes, glucose intolerance, and hypertension. Studies demonstrate that women with PCOS will probably have expanded coronary artery calcium scores and increased carotid intima-media thickness. Mental health disorders comprising anxiety, depression, binge eating disorder and bipolar disorder similarly occur more often in women with PCOS. Weight loss advances menstrual irregularities, symptoms of androgen excess, and infertility. Management of clinical manifestations of PCOS comprises oral contraceptives for menstrual irregularities and hirsutism. Spironolactone and finasteride are used to treat symptoms of androgen excess. Treatment options for infertility include clomiphene, gonadotropins, laparoscopic ovarian drilling, and assisted reproductive technology. Appropriate diagnosis and administration of PCOS is crucial to address patient concerns yet additionally to anticipate future metabolic, endocrine, psychiatric, and cardiovascular complications.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11964_13b85a19ecb9f8f5591f99709cb50246.pdf
2017-10-01
2442
2447
10.12816/0041691
polycystic ovary syndrome
Diagnosis
Treatment
surgical intervention
Koloud Ateeq
Alharbi
khulod_alharbi@hotmail.com
1
Ibn Sina National College For Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammed Meshal
AlShathri
2
rince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University
AUTHOR
Sajidah Alah
Alshnqyta
3
Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawarah , Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Safaa Mahmood
Al-Hasani
alhasanism@gmail.com
4
Batterjee Medical College For Science And Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Mazin Ali Aaad
Almosa
5
King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Abdulrahman Mohammed
Aljowair
6
Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Osama Mohammed
Alkhalifah
osamamk41@gmail.com
7
Mansoura University, Mansoura , Egypt
AUTHOR
Lina Emad
Nouraldien
8
Ibn Sina National College For Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Abdulrahman Omar
Mansy
9
Taif University, Altaif, Saudi Arabia,
AUTHOR
Hadeel Lowthan
Alshammari
10
Immam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Al Dammam, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Treatment of Adult Patients with Short-Bowel Syndrome
Background: extensive resection of the intestinal tract regularly results in insufficient digestion and absorption of nutrients, a condition identified as short bowel syndrome. This condition requests a devoted multidisciplinary collaboration to overcome the morbidity and mortality in these patients. With progresses in serious care management, an increased number of patients survive the prompt morbidity of massive intestinal resection present with short bowel syndrome. Some treatments, including parenteral nutrition and surgical methods to reconstruct bowel have been utilized in these patients. Dietary methods, pharmacotherapy and convenient surgical interventions have all added to the enhanced result in these patients. Nevertheless, increasing experience and promising outcomes of intestinal transplantation had added a new aspect to the administration of short bowel syndrome.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11965_ddfa708a4c78a71516cf6633848ea196.pdf
2017-10-01
2448
2454
10.12816/0041692
intestinal
extensive
malabsorption
short bowel syndrome
total parenteral nutrition
Muayyad Abdullah
Abualjadayel
king21monstar@hotmail.com
1
Umm Alqura University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mansour Ali
Shaiban
dr.mas14@gmail.com
2
Jazan University
AUTHOR
Norah Abdulaziz
Alhatim
3
Al Maarefa Colleges
AUTHOR
Mohammed Riyadh A
Alabbad
4
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University,
AUTHOR
Anas Salah
Almiro
5
University of Science and Technology
AUTHOR
Fatmah Ibrahim
Alrawaji
6
Al Maarefa Colleges
AUTHOR
Alaa Eid
Aljohani
7
Ohud Hospital – Almedina Almonwra
AUTHOR
Ali Abdulazeem
Habeeb
8
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
AUTHOR
Mohammed Sunaytan
Al Otaibi
9
Security Forces Hospital
AUTHOR
Nedal Mohammed
Alhababi
10
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prognosis of Unfractioned Heparin versus Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Pumlonary Embolism: Review Article
Anticoagulation is the mainstay treatment of pulmonary embolism. Using low molecular weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin remains a matter of debate. Objectives: the aim of this review is to study the prognosis of using low molecular weight versus unfractionated heparin in treatment of pulmonary embolism. Methods: PubMed and Cochrane library were searched for articles comparing the efficacy of low molecular weight heparin and unfractionated heparin in management of pulmonary embolism. Ten related results were selected for review. Results: Literatures studies indicated that low molecular weight heparin was effective in therapeutic treatment of acute sub-massive and massive pulmonary embolism. It was as effective as intravenous unfractionated heparin. It was not associated with higher risk of major, minor bleeding, or thrombocytopenia. Low molecular weight heparin was as effective as unfractionated heparin in prophylaxis of deep venous sinus thrombosis as well as pulmonary embolism. Discussion: Low-molecular-weight heparin seemed to be as effective safe as intravenous unfractionated heparin for the treatment as well as prophylaxis of pulmonary embolism. It was also safe with no major bleeding risk or higher risk of thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Both low molecular weight and unfractionated heparin had similar efficacy and safety in management of PE.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11966_e43686c1f250c3f53aba5e6a08cdec09.pdf
2017-10-01
2455
2458
10.12816/0041693
pulmonary embolism
low molecular weight heparin
unfractionated heparin
Outcome
Abdullah Obaid
Binobaid
abinobaid@alfaisal.edu
1
Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Maan Ahmed
Alsaaid
2
Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
AUTHOR
Ibrahim Ali I.
Alasseri
3
Majardah General Hospital, Abha, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Balgaith H.
Albareqi
4
Primary Health Care, Al-Birk, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Kawther Abdulroof
Alabbas
5
Al Maarefa Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
AUTHOR
Meryem
Safi
6
Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Ali Mohammed A.
Alasmari
7
King Fahd Military Medical Complex, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Yousef Mohammed
Alhazmi
8
Al Amal Mental Health Complex, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Haider Issa
Alaqaili
9
Dammam Medical Complex, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Fatema Salman Hasan Salman
Khalaf
10
October 6th University, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
Nareman Suliman
Shamlan
11
Batterjee Medical College
AUTHOR
Bashayer Ateya
Al-Harthy
12
Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Mohannad Abdulrazzaq
Alalwan
13
Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal university, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
AUTHOR
Adel Mushref Ali
Alharban
14
Primary Health Care, Abha, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Nicu Admission on Development and Nutrition in Early Childhood Years
Admission rate to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) was considerably increased over the past few decades. Short-term outcomes had been enhanced, and mortality rates had decreased. However, the impact of advanced neonatal care interventions on long-term outcome of infants was not thoroughly reviewed. Objectives: the aim of this review is to investigate the effect of NICU admission on long-term developmental and nutritional outcomes in early childhood years. Methods: Medical database, particularly Medline and Cochrane Library were searched for studies, researches, and review articles about the long-term outcome of neonates who were admitted at neonatal intensive care unit, particularly from the nutritional and developmental perspectives. Results: Overall impact of NICU admission on long-term outcome is generally related to the etiological indication of admission; Hypoglycemia, tetanus, low birth weight, and prematurity had a negative impact on childhood development. Adequate nutrition and rapid growth velocity in NICU improved nutritional and physical development. Discussion: Long-term outcome of neonatal intensive care unit admission depends to a large degree on the etiology of admission. Adequate nutritional support at neonatal intensive care units had improved developmental and nutritional outcome of preterm and very preterm infants. Term and late term infants admitted at NICUs were not significantly different from their counterparts who were not admitted at NICUs on long-term outcomes. Conclusions: Admission at NICU is not an independent risk factor for poor nutritional or developmental outcome at early childhood years, but the etiological indication of NICU admission was more predicting. Early nutrition for low birth weight babies improved nutritional development.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11967_469c9467ddb927e3ce1d866184c4ecfb.pdf
2017-10-01
2459
2462
10.12816/0041694
Neonatal intensive care
Development
nutrition
long-term
Saleh Abdulrahim S
Alnajim
albrofesor1@hotmail.com
1
Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal university, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Moatasem Mohammed
Modhish
2
Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
AUTHOR
Razan Hussain J
Alzahrani
3
King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Abdullah Ibrahim
Almulhim
4
King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Ahmad Hasan Mubarak
Alkathiry
5
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Manal Mubarak
Alqahtani
6
Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal university, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Ahmed Saleh S
Alobaisy
7
King Salman Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Abdulaziz Mohammed A
Al Mulhim
8
King Fahad Hospital, Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Ateeq Ali
Al Ateeq
9
Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi
AUTHOR
Sarah Obaidallah Abdullah
Alshuaibi
10
Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Adel Saeed Eid
Alghamdi
11
Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Waleed Khalid M
Alqurashi
12
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Tahani Nassir A
Bahkely
13
Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Abdulaziz Faisal W
Alrubayyi
14
Aljouf University, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Sinusitis among People in Jazan Region’ KSA
Background: Chronic Sinusitis results from the impairment of paranasal sinus ventilation. Symptoms of chronic sinusitis include facial pressure, fullness or pain, nasal obstruction, headache, clear or mucopurulent nasal discharge and hyposmia or anosmia. Risk factors of chronic sinusitis involve smoking, allergy, septal deviation, aspirin sensitivity and bronchial asthma.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of chronic sinusitis and it’s related risk factor as well as correlation with demographics. Methods: The present study included 867 participants using Monkey survey for investigation which included 20 questions.
Results: There were 25.3% of participants had chronic sinusitis, 26.4% of the males and 22.4% of females suffer from the disease. Chronic sinusitis was more prevailed among young, the younger aged participants in addition to those living in rural area. Chronic sinusitis was less prevalent in married persons and those working in a medical job. Presence of any type of allergy was a risk factor for chronic sinusitis.
Conclusion: Chronic sinusitis and allergy consider as risk factors for chronic sinusitis.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11968_bacbeaf4e3374643a2cc305daec7ac4c.pdf
2017-10-01
2463
2468
10.12816/0041695
Chronic Sinusitis (CS)
CS in KSA
Risk factors for CS
allergy
Mohammed Ali
Homood
1
College of Medicine, Jazan University
AUTHOR
Saud Mohammed
Alkhayrat
2
College of Medicine, Jazan University
AUTHOR
Khalid Mousa
Kulaybi
3
College of Medicine, Jazan University
AUTHOR
Ahmad Ali
Mohajer
4
College of Medicine, Jazan University
AUTHOR
Abdullah Sagheer
Majrashi
5
College of Medicine, Jazan University
AUTHOR
Ali Abdullah
Salawi
6
College of Medicine, Jazan University
AUTHOR
Ali Yahya
Darbi
7
College of Medicine, Jazan University
AUTHOR
Mustafa Abdullah
Alnuman
8
College of Medicine, Jazan University
AUTHOR
Nehad Khalaf
Khawaji
9
College of Medicine, Jazan University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Relation between Iron Deficiency and Susceptibility to Bacterial Infections
Iron deficiency (ID) is a common deficit of the particular nutrient in the body and the top-ranking cause of anemia worldwide. It is a common cause of morbidity and accounts for 50% of anemia cases in the world. Symptoms of iron deficiency are subtle and nonspecific including severe anemia, fatigue, diminished work, gastrointestinal disturbances, associated with the impaired natural type of immunity and the cell-mediated type of immunity. Therefore, differentiating the term iron deficiency and the other term infection is essential. The process by which the microbes acquires iron supplement and the respectful virulence can be identified by the application of the different type of host mechanisms and also different microbial mechanisms, thus interfering with these respective mechanisms is likely to create the future therapy forms for the bacterial diseases that are infectious. In this review article, we summarized the mechanism of iron metabolism in the body, the characteristics of iron deficiency anemia, symptoms, epidemiology and etiology, host mechanism during bacterial infection, and the susceptibility to bacterial invasion in case of iron deficiency anemia.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11969_999b6b6323399172252b7d756e03798c.pdf
2017-10-01
2469
2475
10.12816/0041696
Anemia
iron deficiency anemia, bacterial infection, iron, immunity
Fahad Abdullah R
Alqeaid
1
Qassim College of Medicine, Qassim - Alrass city
AUTHOR
Abdullah Khalid A
Dakhel
2
Qassim College of Medicine, Qassim - Alrass city
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Knowledge and Attitude of Foot Care Among Diabetics in Prevention of Amputation in Saudi Arabia
Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent endocrinal disorder in Saudi Arabia. Diabetic foot ulceration occurs in about one fifth of diabetics, and significantly increase the risk of gangrene and amputation. Early and proper foot care is essential to prevent such deleterious complication. Objectives: the aim of this review is to study the knowledge and attitude about foot care among diabetics in Saudi Arabia and its impact on prevention of amputation. Methods: To achieve this aim, online database was searched for articles reporting knowledge and/or attitude of Saudi patients about foot care. Results yielded from this search were quickly inspected, the titles and abstract were quickly read to select related studies. Results: Up to one fifth of diabetic patients had poor knowledge about their foot care, and in spite of regular checkups, they lacked awareness of signs and symptoms of diabetic foot infection. However, when educational programs were implemented, complications rate has significantly declined. Discussion: Previous literature studies indicated that Saudi diabetic patients had moderate to poor knowledge about their illness in general. Most of them are not adequately educated about the complications of their illness, and how to deal with them. However, when engaged in systematic educational programs, they were highly responsive and compliant and their new adopted attitude and knowledge about the illness decreased their amputation as well as other complications rate.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11970_7b6156f11c6f25028bfbe0deb74d0770.pdf
2017-10-01
2476
2479
10.12816/0041697
Diabetic foot
diabetes
Amputation
Knowledge
Attitude
Mohammed Sulaiman
Alrashed
1
1Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Sufana Amer
Al Otaibi
2
Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal university, Dammam, Saudi Arabia Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Abdulrahman Mohammed G
Habib
3
Sulaiman Al Rajhi Colleges, Al Bukayriyah, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Khadijah Ali
Saiys
4
Umm al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Hind Ahmed Nassar
Alnassar
5
Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal university, Dammam, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Harith Own
Alsahfy
6
Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal university, Dammam, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Afnan Mohammed M
Khan
7
University of Science and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Hesham Faisal
Alsaati
8
Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Ahmed Soud Muhammad
Alzayed
9
University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Ahmed Sami Ali
Alhussain
10
King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Mohammed Sami Mohammed
Alhaddad
11
King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Ali Ameer Hassan
Almohammedsaleh
12
King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Abdullah Mohammed Ali
Alhamdi
13
Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Humaidan Hamoud
Almalki
14
Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia,Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Open Appendectomy versus Laparoscopic Appendectomy in Adults
As of late, the occurrence of appendicitis has notably diminished. However, appendicitis stays one of the more common surgical emergencies, and appendectomy stays the treatment of non-complicated appendicitis. Acute appendicitis (AA), a typical intra-abdominal surgical pathology, obliges a comprehensive understanding of its presentation, assessment, diagnosis, and overall operative administration. There are two types of surgery to remove the appendix. The standard technique is an open appendectomy and laparoscopic appendectomy. As with other laparoscopic surgical procedures, the literature defines decreased pain, earlier resumption of diet, and decreased length of hospital stay for laparoscopic appendectomy versus the equivalent open procedure. Nevertheless, this should be accurately considered in the light of the present condition of the open procedure, which already causes minimal risk and is related with an extremely short hospital stay and a low complication rate. Further disadvantages of laparoscopy incorporate increased cost and longer operating times. We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from January 1, 1988, through July 28, 2017.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11971_45247846c165857285471b16db6601cf.pdf
2017-10-01
2480
2485
10.12816/0041698
Open appendectomy
Laparoscopic appendectomy
Appendicitis
Abdullah Eid Ayyadah
Alahmadi
near12009@hotmail.com
1
Taibah University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali Mohammed Fayez
AlShehri
2
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Fatemah Nasser
Al Rebh
3
Umm Al_Qura University
AUTHOR
Areej Mohammed
Al-Amri
4
Taibah University
AUTHOR
Abdullah Mohammed
ALdayri
5
Majmaah University
AUTHOR
Raid Naysh
Alghamd
6
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh
AUTHOR
Qais Saad
Alrashidi
7
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh
AUTHOR
Abdullah Suliman
Alwehibi
8
Qassim University
AUTHOR
Ali Mohammed Ali
Al-Mousa
9
King Faisal University
AUTHOR
Abdulla Abduljaleel
Alkhalifa
10
King Faisal University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antibiotics Used in Gastrointestinal Surgery Prophylaxis and Treatment of Postoperative Infection
Aim of the work: surgical site infections are the second most common cause of hospital acquired infections and happens in 10%–30% of all patients undertaking gastrointestinal surgery. They are more likely to be admitted in critical care unit and have five times higher mortality than those patients without surgical site infections. Prophylactic use of antimicrobials and other preparations before surgery have shown significant reduction in infectious complication. After surgery the treatment of postoperative bacterial or fungal infections comprises cause control, antimicrobial cure, supportive and adjunctive approaches with the help of various types of antimicrobials. Methodology: we conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, from February 1986 to April 2017. The following search terms were used: perioperative surgical complications, post-operative infection after gastrointestinal surgery, antibiotics used in gastrointestinal surgery, MRSA in gastrointestinal surgery. This study aimed to explore the prevalence, prophylaxis and management of perioperative gastrointestinal infections and study about the types of antibiotics used for such management. Conclusion: better ways of post-operative management of infections must be studied such that the recommend use of antibiotics have full or specific coverage of pathogens and have minimal adverse effects
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11972_d604d2ac3b93325d2bd247cee5e35ef2.pdf
2017-10-01
2486
2492
10.12816/0041699
perioperative gastrointestinal infection
management of surgical infection
surgical prophylaxis antibiotics
surgical antimicrobial
Mohammed Seror
Bawahal
bawhal_01@yahoo.com
1
king abdullah hospital Bishah
LEAD_AUTHOR
Habib Khalifah
Al-Radhi
2
King Faisal University
AUTHOR
Adel Awadh
Alghurais
3
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Bashayer Fahad
Alzohayan
4
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Ayat Adel
Almusally
5
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University,
AUTHOR
Abdullah Yousef
Alfulaij
6
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University For Health Sciences
AUTHOR
Saud Abdulaziz Obaid
Alsammani
7
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University For Health Sciences
AUTHOR
Mahmoud Fareed
Qutub
8
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University For Health Sciences
AUTHOR
Mohammed Abdulrahman
Alshaikh
9
King Abdulaziz University
AUTHOR
Ziyad Saud Rasheed
Slmjlad
10
King Saud Medical City
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Dangerous Effects of Excessive Use of Antibiotics among Community in Saudi Arabia
Background: antibiotic misuse is a common problem around the world with special regard to developing countries. It could result in increased rate of infections and admission to hospitals, high treatment costs as well as increased mortality rates.
Aim of the work: this study aimed toassess the general knowledge of community population in Saudi Arabia (KSA) regarding the adverse effects of antibiotics overuse.
Patients and methods: this was across-sectional descriptive study conducted among 1700 Saudi adults from the period of February to June 2017. Respondents were interviewed and filled out a questionnaire that consisted of 3 parts the: first parts considered their demographics, the other parts regards the use of antibiotics and knowledge about their adverse effects.
Results: the pattern of antibiotic use showed that 76.8% have recently used antibiotics. The major source of antibiotic use was pharmacist (46.5%) followed by physician (23.9%). About 71.7% used antibiotics for cold and cough and 61.8% used antibiotics for viral diseases. The level of knowledge toward excessive use of antibiotics was in adequate among 61% of respondents and was good among 39% of them. A significant correlation was detected between young age and good knowledge.
Conclusion: there was a lack in the public knowledge regarding the adverse effects of antibiotic overuse among Saudi subjects. Educational programs may be performed to fill up the awareness gaps and enhance the knowledge thus decreasing the costs paid by health authorities to manage the adverse effects of antibiotics overuse.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11973_c9fc3a5a98596e20f1d1919cbe32b48d.pdf
2017-10-01
2493
2496
10.12816/0041700
KSA
Knowledge
Adverse effects
antibiotic overuse
Manal Hassan
Alharbi
1
Alfaisal University
AUTHOR
Amro Yahya
Khormi
2
Arabian Gulf University
AUTHOR
Areej Misfer
Albisher
areejmalbeshr@gmail.com
3
Alfaisal University
AUTHOR
Maram Mubarak
Barkoot
4
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Badeah Ayesh
Alsofyani
5
Taif University
AUTHOR
Fatmah Mohammed
Althabet
6
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Reyouf Abdulsalam
Almughamsi
7
King Abdulaziz University
AUTHOR
Reham Awdah i
Albalw
8
Tabuk University
AUTHOR
Sahab Mohammed
Alsari
9
King Khalid University
AUTHOR
Haneen Saad
Aljehani
10
King Abdulaziz University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prostaglandin E1 before Elective Caesarean Section to Reduce Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn (TTN): A Randomized Control Trial
Aim of the study: this study aimed to determine the role of prostaglandin E1 on the reduction of the neonatal respiratory morbidity specially (TTN). Study Design: this is a parallel, randomized placebo controlled trial, comparing the use of Misoprostol (Prostaglandin E1) use in the form of Misoprostol E1 vaginal tablets with nonmedicated similar vaginal tablet (placebo) to decrease the neonatal respiratory distress specially (TTN). Results: thisstudy included 300 cases with gestational age range between 38 weeks to less than 39 weeks the included cases were classified into 2 groups: study group included 150 case were given PG E1 control group included 150 case were given placebo. Conclusion: we found one positive cases for TTN in study group, and 3 positive cases for TTN in the control group results we got were insignificant. So, we suggested taking more large sample in the future studies.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11974_72dad59087f9fb85c591bff5d2da331e.pdf
2017-10-01
2497
2501
prostaglandins cesarean section respiratory morbidity transient tachypnea of newborn
Noha H.
Rabea
1
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Noha A.S.
Sakna
2
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Hossam H.
Ahmed
3
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University
AUTHOR
Marwa S.
Sayed
4
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Cyanoacrylate Glue Mesh Fixation versus Suture Mesh Fixation in Open Inguinal Hernia Repair
Aim of the work: surgical sealants (adhesives) have been widely used in surgery to prevent air leaks (from holes in diseased soft tissues such as lung), liquid leaks (including hemostasis, as for oozing) and as adhesives (to bond two separate tissues, but very rarely). They have many advantages over traditional techniques (i.e., sutures and staples) such as reducing both operative time and physical load on patients. Sutures have been most extensively used for wound closure, though they have shortcomings such as the highly skilled procedures involved, the long time required for wound closure, and the postoperative removal of non-bioabsorbable Sutures.
Methods: forty male patients with primary unilateral groin hernia were randomized to undergo open hernia repair with suture fixation (Group B) or cyanoacrylate glue fixation of the mesh (Group A). Primary outcome was early and late postoperative pain. Secondary endpoints were use of painkillers after 24 hours, morbidity rate and recurrence rate.
Results: early postoperative pain and pain between 48 hours and 1 month after surgery were significantly lower in Group A. Only two patients had chronic pain and both were in Group B. Clinical recurrences were two, both in Group B.
Conclusion: cyanoacrylate seemed to be a simple, original, reasonable, feasible, reproducible technique and competitive alternative to the standard tissue-penetrating mesh fixation devices in open inguinal hernioplasty. It is accompanied by a reduction in chronic inguinal pain, with no increase in the early recurrence rate.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11997_439236adc35b2f1e2849c5fa70f4bbd2.pdf
2017-10-01
2502
2511
10.12816/0041702
Inguinal hernia
hernia repair
Cyanoacrylate glue
Mesh fixation
Mohammed Salah- Eldin
Shehata
1
Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Elkordy
2
Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University
AUTHOR
Mohammed Abd-Elaal
Nafe
3
Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University
AUTHOR
Ahmed Farag Mohammed
Radwan
doctor.lion@yahoo.com
4
Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Toxic Effect of Some Heavy Metals (Cadmium and Lead) on Thyroid Function
Aim of the work: this study aimed at exploring the effects of lead and cadmium on the thyroid function of workers of welding operation are exposed to welding fumes containing various toxic metals. Subjects and Methods: the level of blood lead and cadmium was measured by atomic absorption spectro-photometry. Thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxin, free triiodothyronine in serum were estimated by enzyme immunoassay.
Results: the workers with higher level of blood lead level (BLL) (30–60) ug/dl showed high thyroid-stimulating hormone level (0.50-9)uIU/ml andno changes in free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine. No changes in free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine and Thyroid-stimulating hormone level in relation to increase in cadmium level. Conclusion: we concluded that higher level of blood lead may cause certain damage to thyroid function leading to subclinical hypothyroidism.
We concluded no relation between cadmium level and thyroid hormones. The smokers have higher cadmium level (0.59-9.6)ug/L.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11999_c66d408eaa5d947f63fc1bc1acf0421a.pdf
2017-10-01
2512
2515
Magdi Mohammed
Sherif
1
Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology
AUTHOR
Yousuf Solyman
Mohammed
2
Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology
AUTHOR
Hendawy Abd El-Moaty
Zedan
3
Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University
AUTHOR
Mohammed Abd El-hamid
Kheder
4
Department of Clinical Pathology, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed Hassan Abd EL-Salam
Mohammed
drahmedaltantewy@gmail.com
5
Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Risk Factors and Management of Venous Thromboembolic Diseases in Donor of Living Donor Liver Transplant
Background: liver transplantation surgically replaces a failing or diseased liver with one that is normal and healthy. At this time, transplantation is the only cure for liver insufficiency or liver failure because no device or machine reliably performs all of the functions of the liver. Aim of the Work: this study aimed to highlight risk factors of the venous thromboembolism in donors of living donor liver transplant and its management.
Patients and Methods: this study included 40 patients who underwent hepatectomy for living donor liver transplant. All patients were evaluated extensively, including history and physical examination and specialty consultations when indicated. All patients did haematological studies to detect the risk factors of thromboembolic disease. Results: in patients with manifestations of venous thromboembolism 2 donors have single risk factor for venous thromboembolism and 4 donors have double risk factors. Conclusion: presence of multiple risk factors for venous thromboembolism led to increase in its incidence, so during preoperative assessment of the donors, if they have multiple risk factors for thrombosis some precautions should be taken to avoid venous thrombosis. Recommendations: preoperative precautions include heamatological consultations for the donors and prophylaxis dose of anticoagulant. Intra operative precautions included pneumatic calf pressure, elastic stocking. Finally postoperative precautions should be continued , these donors should take therapeutic doses of anticoagulants and follow up by lower limb venous duplex.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_12000_9e1e2fe6ddd799a5732b66c28eaec770.pdf
2017-10-01
2516
2524
10.12816/0041704
venous thromboembolic disease
living donor liver transplant
Mohamed M.
Bahaa El Din
1
Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Kamal M.
Kamal
2
Department of General Surgery
AUTHOR
Mohamed I.
Mohamed
3
Vascular Surgery Department
AUTHOR
Ahmed G.
Salem
a_g147@hotmail.com
4
Department of General Surgery
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Color Stability Evaluation of Different Provisional Materials Immersed in Beverages
Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the surface topography (Polished vs. Non-polished) and color stability of different provisional materials: 1) Bis-acryl Composite (System C&B – IvoclairVivadent); 2) Bis-acryl Composite (ProTemp IV – 3M ESPE); 3) Bis-acryl Composite (Success CD – Promedica); 4) Polymethyl Methacrylate (Trim II – Bosworth); and 5) Light-cure Polymethyl Methacrylate (UniFast TRAD – GC Europe) immersed in commonly used beverages.
Material and Methods: The color change value of each specimen after immersion in different beverages i.e. 1) Coffee with artificial saliva; 2) Tea with artificial saliva; 3) Cola with artificial saliva; 4) Apple juice with artificial saliva; and 5) Saline with artificial saliva was measure using spectrophotometer with CIE LAB system before and after immersion at 2 days, 1, 2 weeks, and 1 month.
Results: ProTemp IV was found to be the most color stabile material, followed by System C&B, Success CD, Trim II, and UniFast TRAD respectively. It was found that coffee had the most staining ability, followed by tea, cola, and apple juice. Conclusion: Bis-acryl composites showed the highest color stability values (ProTemp IV, System C&B, and Success CD), followed by Polymethyl Methacrylate (Trim II), then light cured polymethyl methacrylate (UniFast TRAD). Polishing decreases the color changing values of the provisional materials. Coffee had the most color changing effect.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_12001_8216102830a4e5ca06d9f4dcd987c7b4.pdf
2017-10-01
2525
2532
10.12816/0041705
Provisional Material
color stability
Spectophotometer
Omar
Alghamdi
omar-141018@hotmail.com
1
College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmad
Alebdi
2
College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
Haneef
Sherfudhin
3
College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Relation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha with Insulin Resistance in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Background: rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory arthropathic with multiorgan involvement. Increased prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) has been observed in patients with RA. High-grade systemic inflammation is implicated in the development of IR in these patients. Tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine that plays a role in initiation and progression of inflammation and the mechanisms associated with accelerated atherosclerosis in RA. Aim of the work: this study aimedto investigate the relation between TNF-α and IR in RA patients and its relation to disease activity. Patients and methods: 40 RA patients were included as the patient group and 40 healthy subjects as the control group. Both groups were subjected to full history, clinical examination including body mass index (BMI) and lab investigation, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and TNF-α. Results: the sex distribution was the same in patients and the control groups, 82.5% females and 17.5% males. The disease activity (DAS score) was 4.57 ± 1.35. TNF-α median was 240 with IQR 190-510. RA patients had significantly higher serum TNF-α than controls (p value = 0.001). BMI and Waist Circumference among RA patients and controls showed no significant difference. TNF-α has significantly positive correlations with fasting serum insulin, HOMA-IR and disease activity in RA patient group (p value < 0.001).
Conclusion: serum TNF-α level was significantly higher in RA patients than the control groups with positive correlation in fasting serum insulin, HOMA score and disease activity.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_12002_992957c0770b83847f2603f892bafc16.pdf
2017-10-01
2533
2541
10.12816/0041706
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
TNF-α
HOMA-IR
Insulin resistance (IR)
Dahlia A. M.
Hussein
1
Internal Medicine and Rheumatology and Clinical Pathology Departments, Faculty of Medicine- Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Samah A.
El Bakry
2
Internal Medicine and Rheumatology and Clinical Pathology Departments, Faculty of Medicine- Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Noran O.
El-Azizi
3
Internal Medicine and Rheumatology and Clinical Pathology Departments, Faculty of Medicine- Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Neama L.
Mohamed
4
Internal Medicine and Rheumatology and Clinical Pathology Departments, Faculty of Medicine- Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
Tarek Y. S.
El Batrawy
5
Internal Medicine and Rheumatology and Clinical Pathology Departments, Faculty of Medicine- Ain Shams University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Hypertonic Saline Infusion Minimizes Bacterial Translocation and Degenerative Changes in Liver of Shocked Rats
Background: The hypertonic saline (HTS) solutions have recently gained widespread acceptance in control of shock.
Aim of the work: The aim of this work is to study the use of hypertonic saline with the resuscitation fluids in rats with induced hemorrhagic shock to evaluate the impact of this solution on the extent of early bacterial translocation, blood pressure, and histopathological liver changes.
Materials and methods: sixty phenobarbital anesthetized rats were involved in this study where they were allowed to bleed. Arterial pressure was maintained below 50 mm Hg for 30 minutes. They were randomized into 2 groups, each of 30 rats. Resuscitation in group I was done by using Lactated Ringer's (LR) solution (60 ml/Kg) and in group II HTS 7.5% in a dose of 4 ml /kg body weight was added to Lactated Ringer's (LR) solution (60 ml/Kg). Regular monitoring of blood pressure was done and blood samples were withdrawn 1, 30, and 90 minutes and 6 hours after commencement of the resuscitation and sent for blood culture for both aerobic and anaerobic growths. After 24 hours the liver was resected and sent for histological examination. Results: The mean arterial blood pressure in group I before resuscitation was found to be about 48±11 mm Hg and it was raised to a mean of 90±8 mm Hg after 2 hours of resuscitation with LR alone. In group II, the mean arterial blood pressure was found to be 49±5 mm Hg and it was efficiently controlled by HTS with LR and 2 hours after commencement of resuscitation it was elevated to 114±10 mm Hg. The blood cultures were positive in 3.3% of the rats of group II and in 40% of rats of group I. Escherichia coli were the most commonly isolated organism. Histopathological findings showed inflammatory process and early severe hepatocyte degeneration of the liver of group I rats and these changes were absent or minimal in group II.
Conclusion: hypertonic saline was found to be effective for decreasing the rate of early bacterial translocation to blood and also for more efficient restoring of the mean arterial pressure in rats with induced hemorrhagic shock; in addition, HTS infusion minimizes the inflammatory and degenerative process in liver.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_12003_5f22685c008044e77b9899fd4ceebf54.pdf
2017-10-01
2542
2545
10.12816/0041707
Hypertonic saline
hepatocytes
bacterial translocation
Rats
Nouf Salem Mashyut
ALjuaid
noof-salim@hotmail.com
1
Faculty of Science Taif University ,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abeer Nasser M
ALghalbi
2
Faculty of Medicine , Taif University ,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Other Endodontic Materials in Contact with Osteoblast-Like Cell
Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the effect of mineral trioxide aggregate and other endodontic materials in contact with osteoblast-like cell over a time period of 20 days.
Materials and methods: Human PDL cells and osteoblasts were gathered, cultured and permitted to standardized protocols. The cell populations were characterized with the conforming surface markers following standardized processes. The specimens were produced with special concern to constant dimensions and volume in the different groups. Cell attachment and proliferation were assessed morphologically after Richardson staining and cell count was performed after 1d, 7d, 14d and 21d. All trials were done in triplets. The outcomes were statistically analyzed using the ANOVA- and Tukey-test (p < 0.05).
Results: Morphological examination showed good proliferation and cell attachment in both cements. A remarkable outcome was the prepared increasing and parallel alignment of the PDL cells in connection with MTA and particularly Biodentine. From 7d forward Biodentine indicated the highest quantity of PDL cells (p < 0.05). Biodentine and MTA caused in a significantly greater cell density in osteoblast and PDL cell culture. The other groups presented a lower PDL cell density from 7d and a lower osteoblast cell density from 14d when matched to control and cement samples (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: MTA and Biodentine showed a good biocompatibility in contact with the human osteoblasts and cells of the periodontal ligament. Regarding cell survival and proliferation particularly of PDL cells Biodentine showed good results and can be considered as a well-tolerated bioactive endodontic material.
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_12004_a2e3470c954d7bcd726df2882125e645.pdf
2017-10-01
2546
2551
10.12816/0041708
composite resin
Mineral trioxide aggregate
Biodentine
Periodontal ligament cells
Osteoblasts
Abrar Aqeel
Aljefri
abrar.aljefri@gmail.com
1
Ibnsina National college
LEAD_AUTHOR
RAnad Abdulkareem
Alghamdi
2
Ibnsina National college
AUTHOR
Rahaf Abdullah
Albakri
3
Ibnsina National college
AUTHOR
Rahaf Essam O
Yousef
4
Ibnsina National college
AUTHOR
Wejdan Ibrahim Y
Alzahrani
5
Ibnsina National college
AUTHOR
Ahmed Zaki A
Nawawi
6
Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA)
AUTHOR
Raghdan Adel A
Hafiz
7
Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA)
AUTHOR
Ibrahem Turki
Almaktoom
8
King Abdulaziz university
AUTHOR