The Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea among Women
Sarah Abdulaziz
Fallatah
King Abdulaziz Hospital
author
Afnan Mohmmed Mulla Ebrahim
Khan
Science and Technology University, Sana'a
author
Hannin Mohammed
Al Reqei
Maternity and Children Hospital in Buraydah
author
Zahra Ahmed
Alalshaikh
Soochow University
author
Jabir Mohammed A
Alnabhani
King Abduaziz University
author
Mashail Ali
Alomari
King Khalid University
author
Ruzanah Abdulaziz
Almarzugi
King Abduaziz University
author
Abdulaziz Faisal M
Khyat
University of Jeddah
author
Umklthom Mohmmad A
Masmali
Jazan University
author
Noha Mohammed I
Hawsawi
Maternitya Children Hospital in Makkah
author
Manal Mohamed A
Khayat
Cairo University, Egypt
author
Basma Hamed M
Alhawiti
Cairo University, Egypt
author
text
article
2018
eng
Menstrual disorders and abnormal uterine bleeding are common worries of young women. Complaints comprise menses that are: too painful (dysmenorrhea), prolonged and heavy (menorrhagia, or excessive uterine bleeding), or absent or arise irregularly (amenorrhea or oligoamenorrhea). In providing optimal reproductive care, the medical provider should be capable of distinguishing between normal developmental patterns or symptoms necessitating education and reassurance from pathologic conditions needing early evaluation and management. This article discusses the normal menstrual patterns seen in adolescent females and provides treatment and management approach to primary and secondary dysmenorrhea.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
520
525
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11286_e58209523867558ab0c439b548cd11a6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043793
The Relation between Diabetes Type II and Anemia
Abdulmajeed Hassan
Aljohani
King Saud bin Abdulaziz for health science in Riyadh , MCH ( Dammam )
author
Methaq Abdullah
Alrubyyi
Pedia resident service
author
Abdulrahman Bader
Alharbi
Qassim University
author
Abdullatif Mohammed
Alomair
King Fahad hospital
author
Abdulrahim Abdullatif
Alomair
King Faisal University
author
Nourah Ali
Aldossari
King Faisal University
author
Saleh Khader
Alghamdi
King Saud Medical City
author
Sulaiman Abdullah
Alawaji
Qassim University
author
Samar Ali Sager
Alamri
King Khalid University
author
Omar Talal M
Tallab
King Khalid University
author
Abdulaziz Y
Alsaiari
King Abdulaziz University
author
Jehad Jamil T
Qashqari
King Abdulaziz University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Anemia is defined as a decrease in the hemoglobin concentration of blood, which accordingly decreases the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells such that they are unable to meet the body’s physiological requirements. Numerous reports have specified that anemia customarily occurs in patients with diabetes with renal insufficiency whereas limited studies have described the occurrence of anemia in people with diabetes prior to indication of renal impairment. Other studies have similarly recognized anemia as a risk factor for the need for renal replacement treatment in diabetes. Understanding the pathogenesis of anemia allied with diabetes can lead to the development of interventions to optimize results in these patients.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was consequently to determine the pervasiveness of anemia among patients with type 2 diabetes.
Materials and Methods: A total of 50 (25 with type 2 diabetes and 25 controls) participants were enlisted for the current study. Participants’ blood samples were analyzed for fasting blood glucose, full blood count and renal function tests among others. The pervasiveness of anemia was then determined statistically.
Results: A high incidence of anemia was perceived in the cases. Of the patients with diabetes, 85 % had a hemoglobin concentration that was significantly less (males 10.88±1.78 and females 10.32±1.52) compared to that of controls (males 14.16±1.82 and females 12.49±1.11). A significantly increased fasting blood glucose, urea, sodium, potassium, and calcium ions were observed in the cases (8.02±1.28, 5.21±2.01, 141.08±7.01, 4.84±0.49 and 1.51±0.28 respectively) as compared to the controls (4.57±0.52, 3.61±2.09, 134.86±6.75, 4.38±0.61 and 1.31±0.31 respectively). Finally, a significant association between hemoglobin concentration and fasting blood glucose was also observed in the cases.
Conclusions: The findings suggest that a high incidence of anemia is likely to occur in patients with poorly controlled diabetes and in patients with diabetes and renal insufficiency.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
526
531
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11287_e9049ccd73a6330482b8d05155fad6a8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043795
The Correlation between Depression and Folate Deficiency
Ahmad Sami A
Himayda
Umm Al Qura University
author
Ahmed Fouzi
Abdulkader
Khalid Primary Health Care Center ,MOH
author
Nora Ayman
Brazanji
Muhammadiah Primary Health Care Center
author
Sultan Ali M Alshehri
Alshehri
Almujardah General Hospital
author
Suha Salah Ibrahim
Alqayn
Princess Nora Bint Abdul Rahman University
author
Hasan Sharif H
Bukhari
Umm Al Qura University
author
Fadia A
AbuZaid
Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Histology Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
author
Muhannad Azim Ghareeb
ALanazi
Aljouf University
author
Ahmed Mohammed Abdulsalam
Alhayani
Khulais Primary Health Care Center, Moh
author
Shima Ali
Albather
Hofuf Primary Health Care ,MOH
author
Ameen Nafi Roeie
Aljabri
Qassim University
author
Ahmad Abdulkarim
Alanizi
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Folate is a naturally occurring B vitamin, is needed in the brain for the synthesis of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. Thus, previous researches suggested that folate levels play an important role in the etiology and course of depression. However, the literature has been inconsistent regarding differences in folate level between individuals with and without depression. The present meta-analysis synthesized the results of previous studies to examine whether individuals with depression had lower levels of folate than individuals without depression.
Aim of the Study: to assess the relationship between Depression and Folate deficiency.
Methods: A review of the scientific literature (PubMed Search 1994 to 2017)
Pubmed, Embase and CENTRAL were searched to identify randomized controlled trials that investigated The Correlation between Depression and Folate Deficiency as the primary outcome. Identification of papers and data extraction was performed by two independent researchers.
We searched for relevant trials in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (from 1946), Embase (from 1974), the Transfusion Evidence Library (from 1980), and ongoing trial databases; all searches current to October 2017.
Results: 8 studies were included enrolling 173000 participants; 1813 patients with depression and 15487 control subjects. Pooling of all estimates showed a significant correlation between folate status and depression (OR pooled unadjusted = 1.41; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.82), (OR pooled adjusted = 1.39; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.76).
Conclusion: Low folate and B12 serum levels seem to be associated with depression Folate has been linked to depression and there is a strong body of evidence suggesting the introduction of folate supplement in the prevention and treatment of depression at the population and individual levels.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
532
538
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11288_4988d0029a9c0273ec9b34a8cc336434.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043798
Wear Effect of Different Abrasive Materials on Tooth Enamel: A Comparative Study
Ahmed
Alzahrani
College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
author
Ihab
Moussa
College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
author
Sulaiman
Alarifi
College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to measure and compare mean enamel loss caused by microabrasion treatment of different abrasive materials under a fixed variable.
Materials and methods: In this laboratory study, three commonly used abrasive materials were compared: Dental Pumice, Zircate® Prophy Paste, Opalustre® and a controlled group (distilled water). Hundred extracted human premolars were randomly allocated into four groups; each group was subjected to fixed pressure, time and rotational speed mimicking dental office setting. Results: Data was collected and statistically analyzed. The results of the study (p < 0.01) was statistically significant and showed that Opalustre® caused the highest mean difference in enamel loss. Followed by dental Pumice and Prophy paste in order with minimal difference between them. And the controlled group (distilled water) had the least mean enamel loss. Conclusion: microabrasion offers a great approach in treating enamel defect/staining in a minimally invasive procedure in order to achieve acceptable aesthetic results while preserving the tooth’s microstructure as much as possible. As shown in the result; Combined chemical acid with mechanical abrasive particles produce most effective results.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
539
543
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11289_2e1178c27ba9fda01a963eef1065fec1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043802
Public Awareness towards Renal Stone Causes, Symptoms and Management amongst Saudis
Ahmed Mousa
Almuhanna
KKUH, Riyadh; King Saud University, Riyadh
author
Mohammad
Alomar
KKUH, Riyadh; King Saud University, Riyadh
author
Hussain Khaled
Alsalman
KKUH, Riyadh; King Saud University, Riyadh
author
Abdulaziz Ahmed
Al-Mutayliq
KKUH, Riyadh; King Saud University, Riyadh
author
Khalid Abdulrahman
Alnasser
KKUH, Riyadh; King Saud University, Riyadh
author
text
article
2018
eng
Introduction: renal stone is an important health problem in the world and is the most common disease in urinary tract system. It is particularly a common problem in areas of hot climate like Saudi Arabia. Knowledge and lifestyle attitude of individuals towards renal stone plays a role in delivering optimum management.
Aim: to determine the public awareness of renal stones causes, symptoms and management amongst Saudis.
Patients and Methods: the data of this quantitative cross-sectional study was collected from participants from two regions in Saudi Arabia. Participants were given a self-administered questionnaire written in Arabic from October 2017 till November 2017. Individuals under the age of 18, tourists, medical staff and people unable to read Arabic were excluded. Data were analyzed using SPSS.
Results: four hundred and seven participants with a mean age of 35 filled the questionnaire. About half of them had experienced renal stones either personally or in a direct family member. 91.4% of them are aware that increased water intake decreases the formation of renal stones. As for symptoms of urinary stones, 65.36% of them thought that pain and other urinary symptoms would occur when having urinary stones. Radiology imaging was the most chosen mode of diagnosing urinary tract stones especially amongst participants above the age of 35 (p-value= 0.002) with surgical intervention as the best treatment according to the participants. 57.2% of the participants believe that drinking parsley water prevents the formation of renal stones. Individuals who experienced renal stones before were more knowledgeable about the commonest type of renal stones (p-value= 0.005) and the quantity of recommended daily fluid intake (p-value= 0.008).
Conclusion and Recommendation: this data indicates that the participants are to some degree aware of some aspects of renal stone prevention, symptoms and modes of diagnosis and treatment. Individuals who experienced renal stones were more knowledgeable in some aspects. Further emphasis on public awareness of renal stones is recommended.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
544
548
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11290_0dd122e587e3669fc8da9a97d3beb106.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043804
Bankart Repair in Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Instability
Mohammed Saad
Alkhathami
KAAH , Jeddah
author
Abdulelah Ahmed
AL-Ahdal
BMC
author
Mohannad Ali S
Alomari
Najran University Hospital
author
Ziad saleh
alhomidan
Suliman Alrajhi Colleges
author
Mahdi Dhafer M Al-
zulayq
University of Jeddah
author
Mustafa Taher Ali
AL Essa
Prince Saud bin Jalawy Hospital( Al Ahsa )
author
Abdulrahman Anis
Kh. Khan
King Abdulaziz hospital Jeddah
author
Abdullah Rashed
Alaboudi
King Abdulaziz hospital Jeddah
author
Ahasen Ali Q
Aldosary
King Khalid University
author
Faisal Saud
Yousuf
University of Jeddah
author
Mohammed Thamer S
Alghalibi
Taif university
author
Alyamani, Rakan
Ali A
PHC Asfaan
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Latest studies have shown effective clinical outcomes after arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) but have shown some risk factors for re-dislocation after surgery. We assessed whether patients are at a risk for re-dislocation during the first year after ABR, examined the recurrence rate after ABR, and sought to recognize new risk factors.
Materials and Methods: We performed ABR utilizing bioabsorbable suture anchors in 51 consecutive shoulders (50 patients) with traumatic anterior shoulder instability. Average patient age was 26.5 (range, 15–40) years. We assessed re-dislocation after ABR using patient telephone interviews (follow-up rate, 100%) and correlated re-dislocation with several risk factors.
Results: Re-dislocation after ABR occurred in five shoulders (9.8%), of which 4 sustained re-injuries within the first year with the arm elevated at 90° and externally rotated at 90°. Of the remaining 46 shoulders without re-dislocation, 4 had re-injury under the same conditions within the first year. Consequently, re-injury within the first year was a risk for re-dislocation after ABR (P < 0.001, chi-squared test). Using multivariate analysis, large Hill-Sachs lesions (odds ratio, 6.75; 95% CI, 1.35-64.5) and <4 suture anchors (odds ratio, 9.45; 95% CI, 1.88-72.5) were significant risk factors for re-dislocation after ABR.
Conclusion: The recurrence rate after ABR was not associated with the time elapsed and that repair strategies should augment the large humeral bone defect and use >3 anchors during ABR.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
549
553
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11291_fe565f6b81953b8987ddd9f1a16f910f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043805
Diabetic Nephropathy among Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia
Ahmed Dakhel
Alrehaili
King Faisal University
author
Khaled Mohammed
Almuraydhi
King Fahad Hospital Alhofof
author
Mustafa Taher Ali
AL Essa
Prince Saud Bin Jalawy Hospital ( Al Ahsa )
author
Abdullah Mohammed A
Aljabir
Khamis Mushit Ben Sina PHC
author
Yaser Yousef
Khogheer
East Jeddah Hospital
author
Mohammed Walid
Adham
King Fahad Hospital Jeddah
author
Musaab Mohammad A.
Alshanqeeti
Umm Alquraa University
author
Ibrahim Mohammed I
Eid
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
author
Sultan Ahmed M.
Alburayk
King Salman Hospital
author
Mohammed Alean
Albalawi
Madinah PHC
author
Moath Mohammad
Alothman
PHC at Dammam City
author
Ahmad Abdullah
Algarni
King Abdulaziz Hospital
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: the occurrences of diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy have increased quickly in the past few decades and have become an economic burden to the healthcare system in KSA. Diabetic nephropathy is a major complication of diabetes mellitus and is a primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The occurrence of non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD) in diabetic patients has been increasingly recognized in recent years. It is generally believed that it is difficult to reverse diabetic nephropathy, whereas some cases of non-diabetic renal disease are readily treatable and remittable. However, diabetic nephropathy is known to co-exist with non-diabetic renal disease in a poorly defined population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study estimated the pervasiveness of co-existing diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic renal disease in Saudi patients.
Methods:data were retrospectively analyzed from 122 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had experienced a renal biopsy between February 2014 and June 2017 at King Abdulaziz Hospital, region(s), KSA. Male patients numbered 75 (61.5%) of the study population. The biopsies were performed as urinary abnormalities or renal functions were atypical of a diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Biopsy samples were examined using light, immunofluorescence (IF) and electron microscopy (EM). Clinical parameters were recorded for each patient at the time of biopsy.
Results: nineteen of 122 diabetic patients (8%) had co-existing diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic renal disease. These patients showed clinical features and pathologic characteristics of diabetic nephropathy, containing a high prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (88.8%), a long duration of diabetes, increased thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and mesangial expansion. Nonetheless, they similarly presented with clinical findings which were inconsistent with diabetic nephropathy, such as hematuria, rapidly progressive renal failure and marked proteinuria. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy was apparent in 5 out of the 10 patients (50%), tubulointerstitial lesions were found in two patients (20%), membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) in two patients (20%) and membranous nephropathy (MN) in one patients (10%).
Conclusion: retrospective analysis of biopsy data suggests that approximately 8% of Saudi patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may have co-existing diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic renal disease. The most common histological diagnosis in our small series was IgA nephropathy.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
554
558
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11293_5e51588c93ed5fd7d8ced86c7b61a423.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043806
The Role of Topical Nasal Steroid in Treatment of Otitis Media with Effusion in Children: Systematic Review
Mohamed Alamein
Mohamed
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams university
author
Hassan Alaa
Aleabiary
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams university
author
Mohamed Amir
Hassan
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams university
author
Hesham Abelaty
Elsersy
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams university
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: otitis media with effusion is common in children and the treatment is still controversial issue. Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the role of topical nasal steroid in treatment of otitis media with effusion in children.
Patients and Method: this was a systematic review of the literature to collect data through searching the Medoline data base (www.pubmed .com) until March 2017 concerning the effectiveness of topical nasal steroids in treatment of otitis media with effusion in children using the different keywords in different combination.
Results: meta analysis by relative risk for persistence of OME of 0.551 with 95% CI of 0.314 to 0.966 , meta analysis by risk difference for persistence of OME of -0.229 with a 95% CI of -0.569 to -0.030 and meta analysis by odds ratio for persistence of OME of 0.214 with a 95% CI of 0.049 to 0.936, which was statistically significant favoring topical steroid over control .
Conclusion : topical nasal steroid is an effective treatment for otitis media with effusion without the complications of oral steroid , nasal steroid spray can be used for longer period, with much greater safety. It can also be helpful in controlling nasal allergy and the adenoid size, which are contributing factors in developing and recurring otitis media with effusion.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
559
569
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11294_abaf237c2cb901ffd8c438fe8233912c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043807
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Roula Hadyan Mohammed
AlHadyan
Al-Maarefa Collages
author
Albader Abdulhameed Y
Khojah
King Fahd General Hospital Jeddah
author
Abdulaziz Ghareeb
AbdullahAlanazi
Najran University
author
Ahmed Nasser A
Alharbi
Qassim University
author
Saeed Aqeel S
Al-Zubaidi
Batterjee Medical College
author
Ziad Khodr
Traboulsi
King Abdulaziz University
author
IbrahimAli I.
Alasseri
Majardah General Hospital, MROD
author
Ahmad Yeanallah
Algarni
King Abdulaziz University
author
Hassan Ali A
Al-Mubarak
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
author
Ahmed Abdullah Y
Alzahrani
University of Jeddah
author
Bashaier Abdalrazaq
Al Saeed
Ibn Sina National College
author
Hamoud Jadan M
Alruwaili
Aljouf University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease that exposes patients to a great risk of emerging cardiovascular diseases and could develop to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma if left unmanaged.
Objective of the Study: this article is intended to provide an overview and explore the optimal intervention for management of NAFLD in the short and long term.
Methods: Electronic search in the scientific database from 1966 to 2017– (Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library as well as NHS center websites were searched for English Publications were obtained from both reprint requests and by searching the database. Data extracted included authors, country, year of publication, age and sex of patients, epidemiology, geographical distribution, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, investigations and types of surgical treatment.
Conclusion: It was concluded from the extensive review of the literature that Lifestyle modification including diet, physical activity and controlling metabolic disorders are the cornerstone in current management of NAFLD. Nevertheless, Insulin-sensitizing agents and antioxidants, particularly thiazolidinediones and vitamin E, seem to be a very promising pharmacologic treatment for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, yet further long-term multicenter studies need to be conducted for confirmation and assessment.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
570
576
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11363_15702e629166ff85f57e75e1fcd8f443.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043808
Carbon Dioxide Role in GI Endoscopy
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Sufficient distension of the GI lumen is needed for safe advancement of endoscopes and for careful visualization of the mucosa. Carbon dioxide (CO2) has been proposed as an alternative to room air for insufflation.
Aim of the Study: To assess the merits and demerits of the use CO2 insufflation for endoscopy in terms of safety and efficacy.
Methods: Electronic and manual searches were combined to search RCTs (Randomized controlled trials). After methodological quality assessment and data extraction, the efficacy and safety of CO2 insufflation were systematically assessed.
Results: Ten RCTs met the eligibility criteria and included in the present study; six of which on colonoscopy, two on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and two on double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE). Postprocedural pain was assessed. Overall, pain was lower in the CO2 insufflation group compared with the air group. Two RCTs found decreased flatus in the CO2 group compared with the air group, and 3 RCTs showed there was decreased bowel distention on abdominal radiography in the CO2 group compared with the air group. Moreover, CO2 insufflation revealed no consistent advantages in the RCTs of DBE, yet it was still indicated safe as air insufflation in stomach/ oesophagus endoscopic submucosal dissection. PCO2 level showed no significant variation during these procedures.
Conclusion: CO2 insufflation is proven to be associated with decreased postprocedural pain, flatus, and bowel distention. CO2 insufflation also appears to be safe in patients without severe underlying pulmonary disease.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
577
583
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11364_c1e44ceed083b9ef8a2ef9cf2f0a65d1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043809
Assessment of Follicular-Fluid Neurotrophin Levels as Predictor for Ovarian Reserve in Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology for Different Etiologies of Infertility
Magdy H.
Koleib
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Fekrya A.
Salama
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Nashwa E.
Hassan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Hanan S.
Mohammed
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a27-kDa polypeptide that belongs to the neurotrophin family binding with high-affinity protein kinase receptors (Trk) and the unselective p75NGFR receptor. The BDNF gene has a complex structure with multiple regulatory elements and four promoters that are differentially expressed in the central or peripheral tissue. Aim of the Work: this study aimed to detect affection of follicular fluid neurotrophin level in different types of infirtility and its using as peredictor for ovarian reserve.
Patients and Methods: this crosssectional study was carried out in Ain Shams University, Maternity Hospitals Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit (ART unit) in the period from Septemper2016 to June 2017.
Results: the present study showed a cut-off value of BDNF for the patients who underwent this study was 2.7 pg/ml with sensitivity of 74.2%, specificity 95.5%, PPV 85.2% and NPV 91.4%. Conclusion: FF-BDNF measurement on the d-OPU in women with different types of infertility underwent COH for IVF-ET, had positive correlation with ovarian reserve and positive predictor of pregnancy which occurred in 25.8% of cases. Recommendations: BDNF has positive correlation with ovarian reserve and positive correlation with pregnancy outcome so we recommend to measure serum BDNF before starting IVF cycle as predictive factore and cost effective.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
584
593
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11365_43047c9c8d65e5cdd5705106e2ee39b3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2018.11365
Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Sanaa SH.
Elkholy
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Rowaa A.
Mostafa
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Amr A.
Riad
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Heba M.
AbouZaghla
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of 6–10% in the general population. PCOS is characterized by the following: ovulatory dysfunction resulting in oligo-amenorrhea and/or anovulation, hyperandrogenism and/or hirsutism and the presence of polycystic ovarian morphology by ultrasound. Vitamin D also plays a physiologic role in reproduction including ovarian follicular development and luteinization via altering anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), signaling, follicle-stimulating hormone sensitivity and progesterone production in human granulosa cells. Aim of the Work: this study aimed to compare levels of vitamin D in women with PCOS and healthy fertile women. Patient and Methods: this case control study was conducted in Ain Shams Maternity hospital in outpatient infertility clinics and family planning clinic during the period from March 2017 to October 2017. It was included 40 women diagnosed with PCOS based on Rotterdam criteria and 40 fertile women without PCOS who were recruited from family planning clinic. Results: 25(OH) vitamin-D level was significantly lower in PCOS group than in the control group. Conclusion: 25(OH) vitamin-D was significantly lower in PCOS group than in the control group, but not sufficient to be a diagnostic tool for PCOS. Recommendation: larger studies are still needed to clarify the rule of vitamin D in infertility.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
594
600
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11366_c95cadf27735884c185f587b613b5595.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043811
Efficacy of Intravenous Tenoxicam as an Analgesic during the First Stage of Labor: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Hatem S.
Shalaby
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Hosam M.
Hemada
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Mohamed A.
Faris
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: childbirth is one of the most painful events of a woman's life. The experience of labor pain is a complex, multidimensional response to sensory stimuli generated during parturition and its intensity can vary greatly. Unlike other acute and chronic pain experiences, labor pain is not associated with pathology, but with the most basic and fundamental of life’s experiences
Aim of the work: this work aimed to study the efficacy of intravenous tenoxicam for labor analgesia.
Patient and methods: this was two-arm, randomized controlled trial. The first arm (Group T) represented subjects who received tenoxicam. The second arm (Group R) represented subjects who received routine analgesic pethidine and it is given at a dose of 50 mg diluted over 10 ml of normal saline. The parturient woman was given 3-4 cm of diluted pethidine whenever she has intolerable pain.
Results: this study included 260 subjects that were allocated into two arms: tenoxicam arm (n=118) and pethidine arm (n=142) as the control group. Tenoxicam group included 118 subjects and the pethidine group included 142 subjects. Maternal age was 23.74 ± 3.76 in tenoxicam group vs 23.99 ± 3.5 in pethidine group. Gestational age was 39.04 ± 1.42 in tenoxicam group vs 38.93 ± 1.5 in pethidine group. Birth weight was 3.43 ± 0.26 in tenoxicam arm vs 3.41 ± 0.26 in pethidine arm, average fetal heart rate was 140.1 ± 17.12 in tenoxicam arm vs 138.1 ± 16.39 pethidine arm, cervical dilatation was 4.19 ± 0.77 in tenoxicam arm vs 4.25 ± 0.7 and interval to delivery was 5.89 ± 1.29 in tenoxicam arm vs 6.2 ± 1.62 in pethidine arm.
Conclusion: tenoxicam (40 mg iv), a long acting NSAID that induces analgesia by inhibiting peripheral prostaglandin synthesis, reduced postpartum uterine contraction pain without apparent maternal or neonatal adverse effects. Furthermore, tenoxicam exhibits superior analgesic properties over the routinely used pethidine as labor analgesic. Further studies should evaluate analgesic effects vs side effects of iv tenoxicam as a function of dosage or as part of combination therapy with different opioid analgesics.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
601
609
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11367_8fb5a373b7e04c7d9bfc4c3999c31e5c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043812
Correlation of Age Related Changes of Nasal Tip Support Mechanisms with Anthropometric Measurements
Mohamed M
Abdel Halim
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine – Ain Shams University
author
Ahmed M
El Badawy
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine – Ain Shams University
author
Manal H
Mousa
Department of Histology,
Faculty of Medicine – Ain Shams University
author
Hesham A
Helal
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine – Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: age-related changes of the face have been an area of intense interest and the focus of considerable researches. The facial skeleton and overlying soft tissue undergo a gradual transformation throughout the aging process and there are several consistent age-associated changes of the nose. Aim of the Work: this study aimed to evaluate the age related cellular and architectural changes of nasal tip support mechanisms, in correlation to its anthropometric measurements. Patients and Methods: this prospective study was conducted in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Histology Departments, Ain-Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. Forty-five patients were included in this study. They had undergone aesthetic rhinoplasty operations, 10 males (25%) and 30 females (75%) with mean age 35.42±15.15 years and age range 19–60 years. Results: LLC is the most nasal tip support mechanism affected by aging as every 1 year increase in age; correspond to weakness in LLC by percent -1.077followed by ULC, SC, SCA, IDA, ICA, NLA, and projection respectively (P value <0.001). Conclusion: aging patients present unique technical challenges in rhinoplasty that warrant a comprehensive approach to restore and preserve tip support. Recommendations: medial crural septal suture should be performed in all elderly patients undergoing aesthetic rhinoplasty, both to prevent further exaggeration of the already existed acute nasolabial angle and to maintain the nasal tip projection and rotation.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
610
620
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11368_eec5735a88e8881d15f2552732f8aa61.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043813
Dermoscopic Features of Keloid versus Hypertrophic Scar
Mahmoud
Abdallah
Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Marwa
Yassin
Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Noha
Saber
Dermatology Department, El Talaba Hospital
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Hypertrophic scars and keloids can be described as variations of typical wound healing.
Aim of this study was to find out the dermoscopic differentiating features between keloids and hypertrophic scars in their recent phases of development in Egyptian population.
Patients and Methods: An observational cross-sectional design of 30 cases that assigned according to histopathological analysis into two groups; Keloids and Hypertrophic scars. Then the polarized non-contact mode of a Dermlite© DL3 “Gen, USA” at a magnification of 10 × was used to capture dermoscopic images for both groups. The surface morphology and the dermoscopic criteria were recorded directly from the patients and included vascular structures (Arborizing, linear and comma shaped vessels), erythematous or white patches. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that patients with keloids are more likely to be associated with the presence vascular structures on dermatoscopy. The analysis of types of vascular structures showed that arborizing vessels, in particular, were significantly related to keloids. In contrast, the dominant dermoscopic feature in Hypertrophic scarring was the presence of scarring as presented in the form of erythematous or white patches with scanty or absent vascularization. Conclusions: Dermatoscopy should be considered as a routine investigation of any case with abnormal scarring for a better differentiation between keloids and hypertrophic scars, and hence a better evaluation and treatment of each type.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
622
624
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11369_6833d7fada36ca248c08d533314faca1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043814
Epidemiology, Bacteriology and Risk Factors of Surgical Wound Infections: A Systematic Review
Mustafa Tawfiq
Almuhanna
Medicine College, King Faisal University
author
Mahacen Egal
Alnadwi
College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Introduction: Surgical wound infections are a main cause of hospital associated infections in low income and the second most common cause in high income and resource rich countries. This review aiming at exploring epidemiology, bacteriology and risk factors associated with surgical wound infections.
Methods: The systematic search was conducted in the Medline, Science direct, CINAHL databases using search terms of (Wound Infection OR Nosocomial Infections OR Surgical Wound) AND (Epidemiology OR Bacteriology OR Risk Factors). The relevant information was extracted from eligible studies. The irrelevant, duplicated studies were excluded. The findings of the included studies were summarized in a narrative manner.
Results: Surgical wound infections have taken an alarming position as the third most common hospital acquired infection. SSIs continue to be a huge challenge to healthcare institutions where they add costly implications for surgery and health cost in general. Although gram-positive cocci hold the greater guilt for SSIs, there is an increased risk of SSIs from gram-negative bacilli after GI tract surgical procedures.
Conclusions: Detecting risk factors preoperatively, classifying patient’s risk and using a multidisciplinary approach, all are of great importance to determine the appropriateness of the surgical procedure, designing a tailored education session for the patient on the risk of possible complications, and last but not least, determining an effective plan for expected postoperative complications.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
625
629
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11370_458cb4e81d00d4b80ed75246d8f10144.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043815
Prevention of Infective Endocarditis Following Dental Practices
Zainab Jaffar
Alghazal
Dentistry College, Al-Farabi Colleges, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
author
Abdullah Ahmad Basheer
Alghamdi
College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Introduction: Different guidelines and different regimens for prevention of infective endocarditis following operative procedures have been recommended. The purpose of this review was to explore the effectiveness of using antibiotics as prophylaxis in the prevention of IE in dental practice.
Methods: The systematic search was conducted in the Medline, Science direct, CINAHL databases using search terms of (Infective endocarditis) AND (Epidemiology OR Bacteriology OR Prevention) AND (Dent*). The relevant information was extracted from eligible studies. The irrelevant, duplicated studies were excluded.
Results: The antibiotic prophylaxis efficacy to prevent IE has never been assessed in a randomized controlled trial (RCT), and the profession has hedged far from such investigation on the grounds of numbers of patients required and ethical concerns. Perhaps the time has come for address this issue, a staged approach could be useful that is focusing a specific cardiovascular condition such as mitral valve prolapse in relation to operative dental procedures with low risk include endodontics and supragingival scaling.
Conclusions: A multi-center approach will be required, but at least an RCT would confirm whether antibiotic prophylaxis is required and also assess the (risk/benefits) of the antimicrobial administered.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
630
633
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11390_b8d4da5c1540f44565663ac9c260457c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2018.11390
Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection during Pregnancy
Abdullah Ahmad Basheer
Alghamdi
College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Introduction: Pharmacotherapeutic treatment strategies of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnancy needs legitimate diagnostic investigation and comprehensive knowledge of antimicrobial medications. This review aiming at obtaining the evidence about the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment for UTI among pregnant women that evaluated by included randomized controlled trials.
Methods: An Electronic search was conducted in Medline and Researchgate databases using simple search terms include (Pregnan* AND Infection AND Treatment). The search of the literature, after exclusion of irrelevant, duplicated and review studies, revealed 8 studies met the inclusion criteria.
Results: Most of the included studies used cephalosporins family of antibiotics. The cure rate of ceftibuten was 95.2% compared to 90% in fosfomycin. A cure rate of 96% after treatment by ceftriaxone and 94% after administration of cephazolin were reported. When gentamycin plus ampicillin used for the treatment of UTIs a cure rate of 93% was reported. Conclusions: This review found high effectiveness and cure rate of the antibiotics used in treatment of UTIs, however the recurrence rate varied between studied antibiotics. Nitrofurantoin and intravenous antibiotics reported very low recurrence rate in comparison to fosfomycin and cephazolin with a clinically significant recurrence rate.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
634
637
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11391_cbe20d73cd12a4c268577bdfdf907f02.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2018.11391
Lumbar Puncture: Indications, Complications, Technique and CSF Analysis in Pediatric Patients
Mahdi Hassan
Alsuwailem
King Faisal University
author
Ahmed Hassan
Alkhatem
King Faisal University
author
Abdullah Ahmed
Alshabib
King Faisal University
author
Mohammed Hussain
Aldraisi
King Faisal University
author
Abdullah Khalid
Al Jughiman
King Faisal University
author
Mohammed Hussain
Al-Turaifi
King Faisal University
author
Samirah Munther
Al-Ali
King Faisal University
author
Ali Hussain
Al Nujaydi
King Faisal University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Introduction: The subarachnoid space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid, which circulates through the entire central nervous system aiding in providing nutrition, fighting microbes, and acts as a buffer. Additionally, the cerebrospinal fluid also helps in diagnosis of various pathologies affecting the central nervous system ranging from infection, trauma, and tumor in the pediatric population with the help of lumbar puncture. Methodology: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 2001, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: lumbar puncture, pediatric indication for lumbar puncture, contraindications to lumbar puncture, technique procedure, CSF analysis. Aim: In this review, we aim to study the indications, contraindication, and complications of lumbar puncture. We will also study the correct technique, as well as the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. Conclusion: The lumbar puncture procedure is highly effective in diagnostics as well as therapeutically, however it can be fatal if gone wrong. There are several complications which can result from performing the procedure incorrectly, as well as some underlying pathologies can make it contraindicated.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
638
643
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11392_4826eeb429d84abd4b8cc69f1a7a31b8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2018.11392
An Assessment of Knowledge towards Acute Cholecystitis among General Population of Albaha City
Mohammed O.M.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
author
Fawaz A.F.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
author
Abdullah A.A.
Alzahrani
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
author
Abdullmajeed A.A.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
author
Saad A.
Manakrawi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
author
Ghazi S.A.
Alghamdi
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
author
Mohammed H.S.
Alzahrani
Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Acute cholecystitis is an acute inflammation of the gallbladder, and it is the most common cause of acute pain in the right upper quadrant. It is a critical clinical problem representing up to 5% of emergency room visits. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the knowledge of the general population of Albaha City, Saudi Arabia towards acute cholecystitis (AC). Methods: A representative sample of 634 subjects from both sexes, aged from 18-80 years who completed a standardized questionnaire was involved in the study. Results: Only 48 subjects had history of the disease with a prevalence rate of 7.57%. More than half of the participants (58.7%) recorded family history of AC in one of their direct relatives. Great percent of the study participants considered obesity, high cholesterol and high triglycerides responsible for increased incidence of AC (59.9%, 54.3% and 66.9%). A high percentage of the participants (55.2%, 48.3%, 38.2%, 62.8%, 36.9% and 54.3%) did not know whether their food or habits could predispose to AC. Higher percentages considered intolerance to fatty meals, nausea and vomiting as symptoms of AC (55.5%, 48.9 %and 46.7% respectively). Most of the participants (75.7%) did not receive any information about AC prevention. Their established information was highly or to some extent effective in changing the participants’ life style (39.0% and 42.9% respectively). Conclusion: This survey has been useful in determining the current regional knowledge towards AC among general population in Albaha city. Such study emphasizes the need for more efforts that focus on novel preventive strategies to overcome the onset of gallstones. Further much bigger collaborative national studies are recommended.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
644
651
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11394_d75b724bb433f9ae7d49d8b45ddea951.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2018.11394
Head and Neck Malignancies are Mostly from Dermatological Origin
Sakhr Ahmed
Dawari
Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud University
author
Thamer Hassan
Mobarki
Jazan University
author
Muteb Saad
Alqhtani
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
author
Najmah Khalaf Allah
Altwairgi
King Abdulaziz University
author
Anas M
Makhdoum
Taibah University
author
Alhassan Ali
Alghamdi
Taibah University
author
Ibrahim Abdulaziz
Alzahim
Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud University
author
Duaa Salem
Balkhi
Umm Alqura University
author
Noora Ahmed
Alhammadi
Ama International University Of Bahrain
author
Fatema Khalifa
Bindayna
Ama International University Of Bahrain
author
Mayada Salem
Alwafi
Umm Alqura University
author
Jenan Abdulfatah
Alfehaid
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
author
Omar Khalid
Alghamdi
Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud University
author
Rana Abualqasim
Kudam
King Fahad Hospital
author
text
article
2018
eng
Head and neck cancer includes epithelial malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT), including the paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx; and, as the sixth most common cancer worldwide, head and neck cancer represents about 6% of solid tumors. Advances in surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy have improved locoregional control, survival, and quality of life. The outcomes of these treatment modalities have shifted the focus of curative efforts from radical ablation to preservation and restoration of function. This evolution has been documented in the pages of Cancer for the past 6 decades. The median age of diagnosis is in the sixth decade of life, and there is a large male-to-female predominance. Although there has been a slight decrease in overall incidence of head and neck cancer over the past two decades, an increase in base of tongue and tonsillar cancer recently has been observed.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
652
657
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11395_f40499e72780c336d0735513307c5b21.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043820
Post-Operative Pain: Mechanisms and Management
Habib Khalifah
Al-Radhi
King Faisal University
author
Alaa Ahmed
Akef
Umm Al-Qura University
author
Ali Adnan Al
Khamis
King Faisal University
author
Mohammed Jawad
Alsaeed
King Faisal University
author
Mohammed Ali
Alshehri
Umm Al-Qura University
author
Hamed Ghazi Muslih
Alhusayni
Primary Health Care Shehar Center
author
Ayman Mohammad
Alswayh
Prince Sattam Bin Abdelaziz University
author
Israa Mohammed
Alhajji
King Faisal University
author
Bashaer Osama
Abdu
Heraa General Hospital
author
Hamad Mohammed Al
Selaimy
King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences
author
Yousef Ahmed H
Alesaeed
Gdansk Medical University
author
Bassam Sameer
Molawi
Umm Al-Qura University
author
Almutairi Fayez
Farajallah
Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice
author
Rawan Rafat Ismaeel
Badr
Maternity and Children Hospital in Makkah
author
Ola Mohammed
Bakhsh
Ibn Sina National College
author
Siddiqa mahmoud
Bahaziq
international Medical Center
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Proper postoperative pain management, which can be advanced using a multimodal approach, results in pain relief with minimal side effects. Newer recovery protocols, along with minimally invasive surgeries add to the better management of post-operative complication. Many factors play a role in failure of proper postoperative pain management, which mainly include insufficient education, fear of complications associated with analgesic drugs, poor pain assessment and inadequate staffing. Methodology: we conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE fromJanuary 1987 toMarch 2017. The following search terms were used: post-operative pain mechanism, post-operative pain management, non-opioid pain management Aim of the work: In this study we aimed to understand the mechanism and the management of post-operative pain, along with shining some light upon the recent advances. Conclusion: Various combinations and modalities of pain management exist, and their use depends largely on the case, the patients, and their perception of pain. Enhanced recovery protocols have significantly improved perioperative and postoperative pain management, making the decrease in opioids need a priority.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
658
663
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11397_a45c82ea27a5b852cc022740b4d134d7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043821
Primary Immuno-Deficiencies in Pediatrics
Nouf Abdullah
Aljehani
King Abdulaziz University
author
Thamer Fahad
Sallum
Majmaah University
author
Abdulghaffar Talal
Halawani
Umm Al-Qura University
author
Alwah Mohammed
Alqahtani
King Abdulaziz University
author
Khaled Dakhel
Alahmadi
King Abdulaziz University
author
Hassan Mohammed AL
Awadh
King Faisal University
author
Abdullah Mohammed
Alkhawajah
Maternity and Children Hospital –Alhasa, King Khalid University
author
Ahmed Abdulhadi
Alhajji
King Faisal University
author
Faisal Abdullah
Malwi
Maternity and Children Hospital –Alhasa, King Khalid University
author
SulaimanMohammed
Aldhalan
King Saud University
author
Sara Falah
Alsahafi
Battarjee Medical Collage
author
Salmah Mojeer
Aljahdli
Umm Al-Qura University
author
Mayada Salem
Alwafi
Umm Al-Qura University
author
Hassan Habeeb
Alamer
King Faisal University
author
Anmar Ahmed
Sultan
King Salman bin abdulaziz hospital
author
Maria Mohammed
Al-Shehab
Primary Health care
author
text
article
2018
eng
Introduction: There are many different types of primary immunodeficiency syndromes, with an overall prevalence of one in every 2,000 children in the United States. These syndromes are broadly classified as B-cell, T-cell, phagocytic, complement, or combined immunodeficiency disorders, mainly affecting children from a very young age.Methodology: Weconducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE from January 1987 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: immunodeficiency syndromes, B-cell disorder, T-cell disorder, complement disorder, phagocytic diseases, diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency, newborn screening Aim of the work: In this study we aimed to understand the various common types of primary immunodeficiency syndromes, and also study their diagnosis and screening methods. Conclusion:Early diagnosis with the help of newborn screening and data recording can help in reducing significant mortality and morbidity of children born with such disorders. Primary health care providers and pediatricians must keep a high degree of suspicion as many times the presentation can be subtle.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
664
669
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11398_d60be2df943fd80cf908abe229728be2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043822
Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography: A Study of the Choroid in High Axial Myopia
Samar O
Zayed
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Sherif Z
Mansour
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Ayman A
Gaafar
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Abdel Rahman G
Salman
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: High myopia is one of the main causes of visual impairment worldwide.About 1% of the population has high myopia.There is significant evidence from research with animal models and humans that the development of refractive errors is associated with changes in the structural characteristics of the choroid. Studies from a range of different animal species, including chicks,macaque monkeys,indicate that alterations in choroidal thickness (CT) can precede and accompany the development of myopic refractive errors. Aim of the Work: The aim of this study was to evaluate the choroid by Enhanced Depth Imaging OCT, as regards to its morphology and thickness in high axial myopic patients. Patients and Methods: The controlled cross sectional study that was conducted on a consecutive series of subjects attending outpatient clinic of Ophthalmology Department, Ain Shams University. The patients were divided into two groups: Study group (group I): includes 100 high axial myopic eyes (more than -6.00 diopters) and Control group (group II): includes 100 emmetropic eyes. Results: According to ANOVA test and Tukey HSD post ANOVA test), choroidal thickness changed significantly with different measurement location, with the thinnest choroid observed in the 3 mm nasal and the thickest choroid in the 3 mm upper. CT varied significantly across the myopic subgroups and the emmetropic control group at all the locations (^P Ia,b,c,d,II Conclusion: Our study along with the comprehensive meta-analysis showed that the choroidal thickness is significantly lower in high myopic eyes than control emmetropic eyes. UCVA, AL and the presence of posterior staphyloma are the significant predictors of CT in high myopia and must be taken into account when interpreting the data on CT. Given the large number of people with myopia in the world, these findings seem to have widespread implications.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
670
680
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11400_7244e9123390102f807a6b8a0014111a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043823
Etiologies and Management of Postural Tachycardia Syndrome in Children
Nasser Salem M
Alanazi
Arar Maternity & Pediatric Hospital, Arar
author
Ahmed Salem M
Alanazi
Arar Maternity & Pediatric Hospital, Arar
author
Khalid Hashim J
Alanazi
Arar Maternity & Pediatric Hospital, Arar
author
Hamad Mohammed
Al-Selaimy
King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh
author
Eman Abdulrahim A
Alfaraj
Almaarefa Medical College, Riyadh
author
Fatimah Hamad S
Alfeheid
Arar Maternity & Pediatric Hospital, Arar
author
Safa Abdulaziz Sharaf
Qasem
Arar Maternity & Pediatric Hospital, Arar
author
Ismail Nizar O
Kraiz
King Khaled University Hospital, Riyadh
author
Rakan Ahmed I
Alshuwaier
King Khaled University Hospital, Riyadh
author
Noor Khalid Abdulrazaq
Aljarba
Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah
author
Abdullah Omar Abdullah
Al-Orabi
Al-Iman General Hospital, Riyadh, KSA
author
text
article
2018
eng
Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a chronic condition with frequent symptoms of orthostatic intolerance or with sympathetic activation and excessive tachycardia while standing, without significant hypotension. The aim of this review was to discuss the pathogenesis and to outline the diagnosis and treatment guidelines. We conducted a literature review of articles published up to 2017, in following databases; PubMed, and Embase investigating postural tachycardia syndrome in children. We restricted our search to only English published articles with human subjects concerning children under 16 years. POTS is a disorder of the autonomic nervous system that could create considerable disability amongst previously healthy people. Patients with POTS show a HR rise of ≥ 30 bpm within 10 min of standing (or greater in kids), are typically hyperadrenergic, and tend to have a reduced blood volume. The pathophysiology of POTS is complex and the result of a variety of separate systems producing a common pattern of signs. The specific pathogenesis of POTS has yet not been completely clear. A variety of uncommon factors might be involved in the pathogenesis. Selecting the correct therapy according to the detailed pathogenesis could absolutely enhance the efficiency of medicine. Treatments targeting the hypovolemia and the excess sympathetic nervous system activation may assist eliminate symptoms.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
681
685
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11412_ebb200a7e887b399c19f5d4c0ad47993.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043824
Assessment of Knowledge and Adherence of Pediatric Residents to Saudi Initiative Asthma (SINA) Guidelines in Saudi Arabia
Ismail Hassan H
Almakrami
King Abdul Aziz University
author
Emad Ali M
Alzahrani
King Abdul Aziz University
author
Saad Ahmed
Alqarni
King Abdul Aziz University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Asthma is a chronic disease that infect adults and children. It results in chronic symptoms of airflow obstruction. Developing and developed countries showed increase in asthma prevalence.The Saudi Initiative for Asthma (SINA) was developed in 2009 with attention to non-asthma specialists.
Aim: To evaluate the knowledge and attitude of pediatric residents to Saudi Initiative Asthma (SINA) guidelines. Methods: This study is a cross sectional study included 153 residents from different residency levels. Results: The female participants represented 60.1%, while males represented 39.9%. There were 79% had low knowledge and 21 % had high knowledge. The prevalence of attitude represented 57.51%.
Conclusion: Knowledge was low between residents, while attitude was moderate.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
686
691
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11413_664b4ce3aac22b22e418b7bda14108eb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043825
Congenital Extra-Cardiac Vascular Anomalies as Detected on Multislice Computed Tomography Angiography
Taisir J
Alsalihi
Department of Radio-diagnosis Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Samer
Malak
Department of Radio-diagnosis Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
Nermeen N
Halim
Department of Radio-diagnosis Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Accurate evaluation of extra cardiac and intra cardiac anomalies in congenital heart diseases (CHD) is vital for diagnosis and treatment. Trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the classical choice for children suspected to have CHD because TTE is safe, readily available and its capacity to perform Doppler flow studies therefore can measure hemodynamic parameters. Plus its ability to evaluate intra cardiac abnormalities like atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect. Therefore, owing to its lower spatial resolution and limited acoustic window; it is not precise in evaluation of extra cardiac abnormalities. Aim of the Work: to evaluate the advantage of recent advances of ECG gated MDCT in diagnosis of congenital heart disease in pediatrics and assessment of associated extra cardiac abnormalities within the great vessels in comparison with echocardiography findings. Patients and Methods: The current study was carried out on 36 patients in Radio-diagnosis Department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University and specialized private radiology centers. The patients were referred from pediatric hospital, cardiology clinic with their echocardiographic reports to radio-diagnosis department, cardiac imaging unit with a view to execute ECG- gated multi-slice CT of the heart & extra-cardiac great vessels. Results: In this study aortic anomalies represent the most common extra-cardiac anomalies accounting for 36.5% of our cases while comprising: Supravalvular aortic stenosis; 4.3%, Aortic CoA; 26.1%, arch anomalies with vascular rings; 52.2% and finally anomalous coronary arteries; 17.4%. By Using MDCT we were able to delineate eight cases of right aortic arch (RAA).Two of them with aberrant left subclavian artery (ALSCA) adding to two cases of left aortic arch with an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSCA). On the other hand ,TTE failed to identify 6 cases of RAA with a sensitivity 75%, specificity 100%, NPV 96.61% and one case of ALSCA with a sensitivity 50.0%, specificity 100%, NPV 98.41% .Regarding coronary anomalies , Cardiac CTA succeeded in characterization of origin and course of all coronary abnormalities encountered in our study encompassing 4 cases specifically anomalous LAD from right coronary sinus running a prepulmonic course anterior to RVOT , RCA from LAD and single coronary artery adding to LCX- RV coronary fistula. While TTE failed to depict two cases of the coronary anomalies with a sensitivity of 50%, specificity 100%, PPV 100% and NPV 96.83%.
Conclusion: CTA can provide the confident detection and exclusion of extra- cardiac vascular abnormalities with superb anatomical description which was feasible with a sensitivity 98.41%, specificity 99.76%, PPV 96.88% and NPV 99.88%.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
682
698
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11414_21ad96ba39f638422820c78b841c11a3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043826
Assessment of The Awareness toward Cancer Cervix, Early Detection and Prevention of Risk Factors among Saudi Males and Females
Abdulrahman S.
Almajnuni
King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital
author
Abdulaziz S.
Balubaid
King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital
author
Abdulaziz S.
Alzhrani
King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital
author
Mohammad S.
Alkayyal
King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital
author
Abdulaziz S
Alghamdi
King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital
author
Hassan saleh
allam
King Abdul-Aziz University, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh Branch
author
Abdel Magid Aly
Abdou
Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, Jeddah
author
Mamduh Abdel Fatah
Sheba
Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, Jeddah
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common malignancy in women worldwide, and it remains a leading cause of cancer-related death for women in developing countries
Aim and objectives: the aim of the paper is to assess and increase the awareness toward cancer cervix, early detection and prevention of risk factors among Saudi males and females.
Materials and Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 740 Saudi males and females above the age of 16 years. The participants were randomly enrolled in this study.
Results: the participants 446 (60.3%) females and 294 (39.7%) males were included in the study. Majority of the participants (n= 547, 73.9%) have heard about cervical cancer but most of them didn’t know that it is a preventable disease (n= 359, 48.5%). We found that; only 17.6% of the study group has heard about HPV Vaccine. It could be attributed to low level of knowledge about the virus itself, since only 19.9% of the population knew about the virus.
Conclusion: there is a great need to increase the educational standards of the society and improve the information and knowledge about this important disease to reduce the number of patients as well as raising the health status of the populations.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
699
702
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11415_16f53aeddb205ec320efaad87a1db8b9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043827
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Gallstone Disease in Hail Region
Saleh Muflih
Alghaythi
University of Hail
author
Jaber Hathloul
Alshammri
University of Hail
author
Fouad Taiwilaa
Alshammari
University of Hail
author
Fayez Nashi
Alshammari
University of Hail
author
Abdulrahman Yousef
Al-Muzaini
University of Hail
author
Meshari Sultan Turki
Alsudayri
University of Hail
author
Aqeel Jazaa
Alshammari
University of Hail
author
text
article
2018
eng
Aim of the work: this study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors of the occurrence of gallstone disease among the Saudi Arabian population. Patients and methods: a retrospective survey was done among 100 patients with gallstone disease from November 2016 to March 2017 using a structured data collection tool. Results: The results showed that 60% of those with the disease were women, while only 40% were men and 29% belonged to age group 30-39 years old. Among the risk factors studied, there was a statistically significant association between the disease and fever and lipid profile, total cholesterol, LDL, and TAG (p-value,<.01). In addition to fever, majority of the patients also complained for right upper quadrant pain. Perhaps primary health care physicians should consider fever with right upper quadrant pain as warning signs for gallstone disease which should warrant more sensitive procedures like ultrasonography for early detection of the disease. Fundamental knowledge of gallstone disease is essential for clinicians so as proper management be offered to ailing patients.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
703
707
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11416_c03453a056e4037eb8355eeb88119a5e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhm.2018.11416
Role of Systematic Steroids in Sepsis and Septic Shock Treatment Outcome: A Systematic Review
Jumana Sahal
Malibari
College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2018
eng
Introduction: The use of restorative corticosteroids in very ill patients with sepsis is disputable. This study aiming at evaluation of evidence supporting use of corticosteroids therapy for prevention of septic shock in patients with severe sepsis. Methods: The electronic search was conducted in Medline and Embase databases using specific search terms. The search resulted in 106 relevant articles. The primary screening for relevance of this articles lead to exclude of 101 titles and only 5 studies were finally included in this review. Results: The review included 5 double-blind randomized clinical trials, 4 of them were prospective, and one retrospective study. Overall sample size (n= 1157 patients) in the prospective studies and (n=328 patients) in the retrospective study. Mean age ranged from (50 to 65 years) in the prospective studies and it was 65 years in the retrospective study.
Conclusions: This review could not support the evidence of using corticosteroids in the management of patients of sepsis especially those at risk for development of septic shock.
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine
Pan Arab League of Continuous Medical Education
1687-2002
70
v.
4
no.
2018
708
712
https://ejhm.journals.ekb.eg/article_11417_1602ca5d8e3f788204b47b3f99f80fb9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.12816/0043830